Mary Allen
What does the new coronavirus mean for dogs and cats? Answers to the most important questions.
Can Dogs and Cats Get Covid-19?
From what we know: no. Despite the human pandemic, not a single pet has been identified to have contracted Covid-19.
Normally, coronaviruses are specialized in one or a few species. Every animal species has its own coronavirus – with which it gets along relatively well in most cases. It is only when coronaviruses suddenly cross this species barrier that a new type of disease, such as the one we are currently experiencing, spreads rapidly. There are currently suspicions that the new SARS-CoV-2 was transmitted from bats to humans. It is very unlikely that the virus would jump from one species to another (e.g. from humans to dogs) a second time.
Although coronaviruses also affect dogs and cats, they belong to a different genus within the large family of coronaviruses (Coronaviridae) and do not normally pose a threat to humans.
The coronavirus diseases found in dogs and cats that we often see in veterinary practices are caused by alpha coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2, the COVID-19 pathogen, is a so-called beta coronavirus, i.e. only distantly related to those of our pets. The usual coronaviruses of dogs and cats usually lead to diarrhea, which the animals overcome without any problems in most cases. In cats, the viruses can mutate in rare cases (approx. 5% of all cats infected with feline coronaviruses) and cause fatal FIP (Feline Infectious Peritonitis). These cats with FIP are not infectious and do not pose a threat to humans.
Can I Get SARS-CoV-2 from My Dog or Cat?
Scientists are currently assuming that pets do not play a major role in the transmission of the virus.
The new coronavirus SARS-CoV2 can survive in the environment for up to 9 days. If your pet has had contact with an infected person, the virus can remain infectious in their fur, on their skin, or possibly on their mucous membranes. An infection would therefore be just as possible as if you touch another surface that has coronaviruses on it – such as a door handle. The generally recommended hygiene rules, which also help protect against the transmission of parasites or similar, should therefore be observed:
- Thorough handwashing with soap (or disinfectant) after contact with the animal
avoid licking your face or hands; if it does, wash immediately - Don’t let your dog or cat sleep in the bed
- Thoroughly clean berths, bowls, and toys regularly
What Happens to My Dog or Cat if I Get Sick with Covid-19 or I’m in Quarantine?
Since it can be assumed that a large number of us will become infected with SARS-CoV-2 at some point, this is a question that every pet owner should think about at an early stage.
There is currently (March 16, 2020) no recommendation to also quarantine the animals. So free-roaming cats are still allowed outside and dogs could be placed in someone else’s care temporarily if they can’t look after themselves. If you or other family members can take care of your pet yourself, you do not have to hand it over.
If you are ill, you should absolutely comply with the hygiene rules described above when dealing with your animal and, if possible, wear a face mask (recommendation of the WSAVA). Also in order not to further burden your weakened immune system. If you are in quarantine or sick, you are no longer allowed to walk your dog! If you have your own garden, the dog can do its business there if necessary. If this is not possible, you will need to organize someone to walk your dog. It is best to organize help before the emergency occurs.