UMary Allen
Intshayelelo: ULaika kunye noMthunywa wakhe weMbali weNdawo
ULaika wayeyinja elahlekileyo evela kwizitrato zaseMoscow eyaba sisidalwa sokuqala esiphilayo ukujikeleza uMhlaba ngoNovemba 3, 1957. Waqaliswa kwi-spacecraft yaseSoviet iSputnik 2, ephawula isiganeko esibalulekileyo ekuhloleni indawo. Injongo kaLaika yayibubunjineli kunye nobugorha, kodwa yaphakamisa imibuzo yokuziphatha malunga nokunyangwa kwezilwanyana kuphando lwezenzululwazi.
Inkqubo yeSoviet Space kunye neenjongo zayo
ISoviet Union yayizimisele ukubonisa ukongama kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe ngaphezulu kwe-United States ngexesha leMfazwe yoMlomo, kwaye ugqatso lwasemajukujukwini lwaba yeyona ndawo iphambili yedabi kolu khuphiswano. Inkqubo yeSoviet space ijolise ekuboniseni amandla enzululwazi yeSoviet kunye nobunjineli, kunye nokuhlola iimfihlakalo zendawo. Urhulumente waseSoviet wayenethemba lokuba impumelelo yasesibhakabhakeni yayiya kukhulisa ukuzingca kwesizwe ize ikhuthaze abantu abaselula ukuba basukele imisebenzi yenzululwazi nobunjineli.
Ukukhethwa kunye noQeqesho lweLaika
ULaika wayeyenye yezinja ezininzi ezikhethelwe inkqubo yasemajukujukwini, kwaye wakhethwa ngenxa yobukhulu bakhe obuncinane, umoya ozolileyo, kunye nokukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lomzimba. Uye wafumana uqeqesho olubanzi ukumlungiselela uthumo lwakhe lwasemajukujukwini, kuquka nokubekwa kwindawo yokusebenzela ukulinganisa iG-forces yokuqaliswa nokunxiba isuti yasemajukujukwini ukuze aqhelane nemvakalelo yokungabi nabunzima. Nangona ixabiso lezesayensi le-mission kaLaika, ukhetho lwakhe kunye nonyango lwaphakamisa inkxalabo yokuziphatha phakathi kwabalwela amalungelo ezilwanyana.
Ukuqaliswa kweNgqungquthela kunye nokufa kukaLaika
Ukuqaliswa kwe-Sputnik 2 kunye noLaika ebhodini kwakuyimpumelelo enkulu yeprogram yeSoviet space, kodwa kwakhona kwabangela ingxabano kunye nokugxeka. Isiphekepheke sasingacetywanga ukuba sibuyele eMhlabeni, kwaye kwaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba uLaika akayi kusinda kuhambo. Abasemagunyeni baseSoviet bama ngelithi uLaika wayefe ngoxolo emva kweentsuku eziliqela ejikeleza, kodwa kamva kwatyhilwa ukuba eneneni wayefe ngenxa yobushushu obugqithiseleyo noxinezeleko kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa emva kokuba eqalise ukusebenza.
I-Media Coverage kunye nokusabela koluntu kwi-Mission kaLaika
Umsebenzi kaLaika wathabatha ingqalelo yamajelo eendaba ehlabathi waza wabangela umxube wokuthabatheka, ukuncoma, kunye nomsindo. Abanye bamncoma njengovulindlela oligorha ekuhloleni isibhakabhaka, ngoxa abanye begxeka inkohlakalo yokuthumela isilwanyana esimsulwa emajukujukwini kungekho themba lokubuya. Ingxabano ejikeleze i-mission kaLaika nayo yabangela iingxoxo malunga nokuziphatha kovavanyo lwezilwanyana kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezidalwa eziphilayo kuphando lwesayensi.
Impembelelo kaLaika kwi-Space Exploration kunye noVavanyo lweZilwanyana
Injongo kaLaika yayinempembelelo enkulu ekuphuhlisweni kokuhlolwa kwendawo kunye nokuhlolwa kwezilwanyana. Idini lakhe liqaqambise imingcipheko kunye nemingeni yokuhamba esibhakabhakeni, kwaye likhuthaze iinzame zokuphucula ukhuseleko koosomajukujuku babantu nezilwanyana. Ikwakhulise ulwazi malunga neengqwalasela ezisesikweni zokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana kuvavanyo lwenzululwazi, okukhokelela ekwandeni kophononongo kunye nolawulo lovavanyo lwezilwanyana.
Izikhumbuzo kunye nezikhumbuzo zikaLaika
Isiphelo esibuhlungu sikaLaika siye sakhunjulwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kule minyaka. Kwi-2008, umfanekiso kaLaika wamiswa kufuphi neziko lophando lomkhosi waseMoscow apho wayeqeqeshelwa umsebenzi wakhe. Ngo-2011, isikhumbuzo sikaLaika savulwa kwisixeko saseSiberia saseYakutsk, apho wazalelwa khona. Ilifa likaLaika liye lahlonitshwa kwiincwadi, iifilimu kunye neminye imisebenzi yobugcisa.
Ilifa likaLaika kwiMfundo edumileyo yeNkcubeko kunye neSayensi
Ibali likaLaika liye laphefumlela abantu abangenakubalwa emhlabeni jikelele kwaye libe ngumqondiso wesibindi kunye nokuzincama. Ilifa lakhe lihlala kwinkcubeko eyaziwayo, ngokubhekisele ekuveleni kwakhe kumculo, kuncwadi, nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Uthumo lukaLaika luye lwaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufundisa kwimfundo yezenzululwazi, nto leyo enceda ekuvuseleleni umdla wabafundi ekuhloleni indawo nakwintlalontle yezilwanyana.
Izifundo ezifundwe kwiMisebenzi kaLaika kunye noNyango lweZilwanyana
Umsebenzi kaLaika uphakamise imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokuziphatha malunga nokunyangwa kwezilwanyana kuphando lwezenzululwazi, kwaye kuye kwakhokelela ekuqapheliseni okukhulu kunye nokulawulwa kovavanyo lwezilwanyana. Ibali lakhe lisebenza njengesikhumbuzo semfuneko yokuqwalaselwa kokuziphatha kuphando lwezenzululwazi, kunye nokubaluleka kokulungelelanisa iinzuzo zolwazi lwezenzululwazi kunye nentlalontle yezidalwa eziphilayo.
Isiphelo: Indawo kaLaika kwiMbali kunye nekamva lokuHlola indawo
Imbali ye-mission yendawo kaLaika kunye nesiphelo esibuhlungu yenze ukuba abe ngumqondiso ongapheliyo wesibindi kunye nemibingelelo yokuhlola indawo. Ilifa lakhe libe nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwentlalontle yezilwanyana kunye neengqwalasela zokuziphatha kuphando lwezenzululwazi. Njengoko abantu beqhubeka behlola iimfihlakalo zendawo, ibali likaLaika lisebenza njengesikhumbuzo semingeni kunye noxanduva oluza ngokutyhala imida yolwazi lwesayensi.