IiMpawu zoBuso ezibonakalisiweyo

Uvuyo, ukunyanya, ukwesaba - imbonakalo yobuso ebonisa le mvakalelo iyafana kubo bonke abantu. Ngokomzekelo, xa sicaphukile, amehlo ethu ayacutheka, iimpumlo zethu zigobile yaye umlebe wethu ongasentla ujija ngokulinganayo.

Abaphandi kwiMax Planck Institute yeNeurobiology ngoku bafumanise ukuba iimpuku nazo zinembonakalo yobuso eyahlukileyo. Ubuso babo bubonakala bohluke kakhulu xa bengcamla into eswiti okanye ekrakrayo, okanye xa bexhalabile. I-algorithm yekhompyuter ikwazile ukulinganisa amandla ahambelanayo weemvakalelo.

"Iigundane ezikhotha isisombululo seswekile zibonise ubuso obonwabileyo xa belambile kunokuba bahluthe," kuchaza uNadine Gogolla, owayekhokela isifundo. Abaphandi bafuna ukusebenzisa inkangeleko yobuso bemouse ukuphanda indlela iimvakalelo ezivela ngayo engqondweni.

Umbuzo obuzwa rhoqo

Ngaba impuku ineemvakalelo?

Iimpuku zibonisa iimvakalelo ezifana novuyo kunye noloyiko. Besebenzisa inkqubo yekhompyutha, izazinzulu ziye zakwazi ukufunda iimvakalelo ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo kubuso beempuku. Ezi ziphumo zinokuba yimfuneko kuphando kuxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lwabantu.

Ngaba iimpuku zingacinga?

Iigundane zicinga ngendlela emangalisayo ngendlela emangalisayo ebantwini: zisebenzisa "iidrowa" ukulungelelanisa kunye nokwahlula ulwazi. Oku kuboniswa ngophando lwangoku ngabaphandi beMax Planck Institute for Neurobiology. Ngokwenza njalo, izazinzulu zilandelela phantsi iziseko ze-neural zokucinga okungabonakaliyo.

Ngaba iimpuku zihlakaniphile?

Iimpuku ziyakhawuleza, zihlakaniphile, kwaye zinezakhono zomzimba ezimangalisayo. Bakhwela iindonga zendlu ezithe nkqo, batsibe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 cm kwaye bathathe onke amathuba okungena kwikhaya lakho.

Ingaba iimpuku zineenkumbulo?

Kwavela ukuba indawo yememori yexesha elifutshane ixhomekeke kakhulu kwimouse ngokwayo. Kwimisebenzi efana nale, imouse nganye isebenzisa isicwangciso sokuziphatha esahlukileyo ukufikelela kwisisombululo. Abanye bakhetha isicwangciso esisebenzayo, behamba ngokwabo kunye ne-vibrissae yabo xa bebona.

Ngaba iimpuku zingahleka?

Kukho iifoto ezininzi ezifana nale, zezilwanyana ezihlekayo okanye ezibuhlungu. Ngaba uncumo lokwenene okanye ukonwaba? Abaphandi ngoku baye bakwazi ukuchonga nokudala imbonakalo yobuso ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo kwiimpuku. Uphononongo olutsha lubonise ukuba iimvakalelo zempuku zinokufundwa ebusweni bayo.

Yeyiphi eyona nto ithandwa yimpuku?

Iinkozo kunye neembewu zenza isambuku sokutya kweempuku. Ukutya okutsha, okufana neziqhamo nemifuno okanye amasetyana amatsha, kunezinto ezithandwa kakhulu kwiimpuku. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci, imfuno incinci. Ukongeza, iimpuku zidinga umlinganiselo weeprotheyini zezilwanyana ukuze uhlale usempilweni kwaye uphaphile.

Ibona kakuhle kangakanani impuku?

Ngaphandle kwamehlo azo anamaqhuqhuva, iimpuku aziboni kakuhle, kodwa ziziva bukhali kwaye zinevamvo yokujoja. Iziqhumiso, ngokukodwa, zikhutshwe ngomchamo, zidlala indima enkulu ebomini bamagundane. Ngale ndlela, iindlela zokwenyani zinokuphawulwa ngesiqholo, nto leyo ebonisa ezinye izilwanyana indlela eya kwindawo yokutya.

Ngaba iimpuku ziyakubona ebumnyameni?

Le seli ekwiretina yempuku iba yinto ejikelezayo ebumnyameni, ibone nemiqondiso yentshukumo ebuthathaka. Izilwanyana kufuneka zilungelelanise amehlo azo ebumnyameni ukuze zimelane neemeko ezahlukeneyo, nokuba zibona ixhoba okanye zibaleka amarhamncwa.

Zilala nini iimpuku?

Iimpuku zikhetha ukuyishiya indlwane yazo ebusuku nangokuhlwa. Ngokukhanya okuthe rhoqo, zisebenza ngexesha lelona xesha lizolileyo. Ukuba iimpuku nazo ziyasebenza kwaye ziyabonakala emini, uhlaselo ludla ngokuba lubi kakhulu.

Kuthetha ukuthini xa iimpuku zincwina?

Ingxolo enjengokuncokola, kunye nokurhuqa kubonisa isifo esibi sokuphefumla - impuku kufuneka isiwe kugqirha wezilwanyana oyincutshe kwangoko. Ukunkqonkqoza kakhulu okanye ukuncwina kuluphawu lokuphakuzela okanye uloyiko, izandi ezinjalo zidla ngokuvakala xa kudlalwa izilwanyana.