What is a Crested Gecko?

The crested gecko, scientifically known as Correlophus ciliatus, is a small arboreal lizard native to New Caledonia, a group of islands located in the southwest Pacific Ocean. Also referred to as the New Caledonian crested gecko or eyelash gecko, it is a popular choice among reptile enthusiasts due to its unique appearance and relatively easy care requirements.

History and Origins of the Crested Gecko

Crested geckos were thought to be extinct until they were rediscovered in 1994. They were once widespread throughout New Caledonia, but habitat destruction and the introduction of predators led to their decline. With successful captive breeding programs, they have become readily available in the pet trade. The export of wild crested geckos has been banned since 2002 to protect the species.

Physical Characteristics of the Crested Gecko

Crested geckos are known for their distinctive appearance. They have a crest of skin that runs from their head down to the base of their tail, giving them their name. This crest is most prominent in males, who also possess larger pores on their undersides used for scent marking. These geckos have large, lidless eyes with vertical pupils, which allows them to have excellent night vision. They come in a variety of colors and patterns, including dalmatian spots and tiger stripes.

Habitat and Natural Environment of the Crested Gecko

In the wild, crested geckos inhabit humid rainforests and can be found climbing trees and hiding in leaf litter. They are primarily arboreal, spending most of their time in trees and rarely descending to the forest floor. Their natural habitat provides them with an abundance of hiding spots and foliage for camouflage. The temperature ranges from 72°F to 80°F (22°C to 27°C) during the day and slightly cooler at night.

Diet and Feeding Habits of the Crested Gecko

Crested geckos are omnivorous, meaning they eat a varied diet of fruit, nectar, and insects. In captivity, they can be fed commercially available powdered diets that provide all the necessary nutrients. These diets are often mixed with water to form a paste. Additionally, crested geckos can also be offered small insects, such as crickets or roaches, as an occasional treat. Fresh water should always be available.

Reproduction and Lifecycle of the Crested Gecko

Crested geckos reach sexual maturity at around 18 to 24 months of age. Breeding season typically occurs during the warmer months, and females can lay multiple clutches of two eggs each throughout the year. The eggs are usually laid in a hidden location, such as within a crevice or in the substrate. After an incubation period of approximately 60 to 90 days, the hatchlings emerge and are fully independent from birth.

Behavior and Communication of the Crested Gecko

Crested geckos are generally docile and calm in nature, making them suitable pets for beginners. They are primarily nocturnal, becoming active after dusk. These geckos use a combination of vocalizations, body language, and scent marking to communicate with each other. Males can often be heard making a distinctive chirping noise during courtship or when defending their territory.

Common Health Issues in Crested Geckos

Crested geckos are generally hardy reptiles, but they can still be susceptible to certain health issues. The most common problems include metabolic bone disease, which is caused by a lack of calcium, and respiratory infections, often caused by incorrect temperatures or high humidity. Regular health check-ups by a veterinarian experienced in reptile care are recommended to catch any potential issues early.

Housing and Care Requirements for Crested Geckos

Crested geckos are arboreal creatures and require a tall enclosure with plenty of climbing surfaces. A minimum size of 20 gallons is recommended for one gecko, with larger enclosures needed for multiple animals. The enclosure should have a temperature gradient, with a basking spot of around 80°F (27°C) and cooler areas around 70°F (21°C). A humidity level of 60% to 80% should be maintained, which can be achieved through misting or the use of a humidifier.

Handling and Taming Crested Geckos

Crested geckos are generally tolerant of handling, but they can be skittish and may drop their tail if they feel threatened. It is important to approach them slowly and gently, supporting their body and avoiding any sudden movements. Frequent handling from a young age can help them become more comfortable with human interaction. It is essential to wash hands before and after handling to prevent the spread of bacteria.

Crested Gecko Conservation and Threats

Crested geckos are currently listed as a species of "least concern" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, the destruction of their natural habitat through deforestation remains a significant threat. Illegal poaching for the pet trade also poses a risk to wild populations. Conservation efforts focus on habitat preservation and captive breeding programs to reduce the demand for wild-caught specimens.

Tips for Keeping Crested Geckos as Pets

When keeping crested geckos as pets, it is important to provide them with a suitable enclosure, proper nutrition, and a consistent environment. Regular monitoring of temperature, humidity, and cleanliness is crucial for their well-being. Offering a variety of climbing structures and foliage can help simulate their natural habitat and provide enrichment. Additionally, it is essential to educate oneself about their specific needs and consult with a reptile veterinarian for any concerns or questions.