Mawu Oyamba: Achule a Marsh ndi kusinthasintha kwawo

Achule a ku Marsh, omwe amadziwika kuti Pelophylax ridibundus, ndi mitundu ya achule omwe amadziwika kuti amatha kusintha. Amagawidwa kwambiri ku Ulaya, kumadzulo kwa Asia, ndi Kumpoto kwa Africa, ndipo agonjetsa bwino malo osiyanasiyana. Chinthu chimodzi chochititsa chidwi cha kusinthasintha kwawo ndi kuthekera kwawo kukhala ndi moyo m'madzi opanda mchere komanso apansi. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kuwunika momwe thupi limakhalira, momwe thupi limakhalira, komanso kusintha komwe kumapangitsa kuti achule azitha kuchita bwino m'malo awiri osiyanawa, komanso zovuta zomwe amakumana nazo pa chilichonse.

Anatomy ndi physiological mbali za madambo achule

Achule a ku Marsh ali ndi mikhalidwe ingapo komanso kusintha kwa thupi komwe kumathandizira kuti athe kukhala ndi moyo m'malo amadzi am'madzi komanso padziko lapansi. Matupi awo amakhala osalala, okhala ndi miyendo yayitali yammbuyo yomwe imathandizira kusambira bwino m'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, khungu lawo ndi lonyowa komanso losavuta kulowa, zomwe zimawalola kupuma kudzera m'mafupa, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri kuti apulumuke m'malo onse awiriwa. Maso awo ali pamwamba pa mutu wawo, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti asamire m'madzi pang'ono pomwe amayang'ana bwino malo awo.

Zokonda zapamalo achule a madambo

Ngakhale achule a m'dambo amawonetsa kusinthasintha kumadera onse amadzi am'madzi komanso padziko lapansi, amakhala ndi zokonda zosiyanasiyana. Amapezeka makamaka m’madambo, monga madambo, nyanja, maiwe, ndi mitsinje yoyenda pang’onopang’ono, kumene angapeze magwero a madzi ochuluka ndi chakudya chochuluka. Komabe, amakhalanso ndi luso lodabwitsa lokhazikitsa malo okhala padziko lapansi, monga madambo, nkhalango, ngakhale madera akumidzi, malinga ngati kuli koyenera.

Malo amadzi abwino: Malo abwino okhalamo achule a madambo

Malo okhala ndi madzi abwino amakhala ngati malo abwino kwa achule a m'dambo chifukwa cha kusintha kwawo kwamadzi komanso kupezeka kwa zinthu. Achule amenewa amadalira kwambiri madzi kuti abereke, chifukwa amafuna malo okhala m’madzi kuti aikire mazira komanso kuti abereke ana aang’ono. Malo okhala m'madzi abwino amakhalanso ndi zakudya zambiri, kuphatikizapo tizilombo, nyongolotsi, nsomba zing'onozing'ono, ndi crustaceans, zomwe ndizo chakudya choyambirira cha achule.

Kusintha kwa achule a m'madzi ku moyo wa m'madzi

Achule a Marsh asintha masinthidwe angapo kuti azikula bwino m'malo awo okhala m'madzi. Amakhala ndi mapazi akumbuyo a ukonde, omwe amawathandiza kusambira komanso kuwapangitsa kuyenda m'madzi mosavuta. Miyendo yawo yakumbuyo yamphamvu imawathandiza kulumpha mtunda wautali, kuwathandiza kuthawa adani ndi kuwathandiza kufunafuna nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, mapapo awo apadera amawathandiza kuti azitulutsa mpweya m'madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kupuma pamene amizidwa.

Malo apadziko lapansi: Kodi achule a madambo angakhale ndi moyo?

Ngakhale kuti achule a m’madambo amagwirizana kwambiri ndi malo okhala m’madzi, asonyezanso kuti amatha kukhala ndi moyo pamtunda. Komabe, chilengedwe chapadziko lapansi chimakhala ndi zovuta zingapo komanso zolepheretsa kwa amphibians awa. Mosiyana ndi malo okhala m'madzi opanda mchere, achule ayenera kudalira njira zina, monga madzi amvula ndi mame, kuti asunge chinyezi. Kuonjezera apo, amakumana ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka kwa adani komanso kusowa kwa zakudya zoyenera.

Zovuta ndi zolephera za achule omwe ali pamtunda

Kusintha kupita kudziko lapansi kumabweretsa zovuta zambiri kwa achule a m'dambo. Chimodzi mwa zopinga zazikulu zomwe amakumana nazo ndikuwopseza kukhumudwa. Khungu lawo loloŵa madzi limawapangitsa kukhala tcheru ndi madzi m’thupi, ndipo ayenera kubisala m’malo achinyezi kapena kukumba pansi pakagwa mvula kuti asatayike. Kuphatikiza apo, chilengedwe chapadziko lapansi chimapereka chitetezo chochepa kwa adani, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kudyetsedwa.

Kusintha kwa achule a Marsh kuti apulumuke pamtunda

Ngakhale kuti achule amakumana ndi zovuta pamtunda, achule a m’dambo apanga zosintha zina kuti akhale ndi moyo m’malo okhala padziko lapansi. Amakhala ndi mapapo okhwima bwino omwe amawathandiza kuti azipuma bwino mumpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupuma kwapakhungu. Kutha kwawo kukumba pansi kumawateteza ku adani komanso kumawathandiza kuti azikhala ndi chinyezi. Kuonjezera apo, ali ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaphatikizapo tizilombo, akangaude, nkhono, ngakhale tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta msana, zomwe zimawathandiza kufufuza zakudya zosiyanasiyana.

Kusanthula kofananiza: Madzi amchere motsutsana ndi malo okhala padziko lapansi

Tikayerekeza kukwanira kwa madzi abwino ndi malo okhala padziko lapansi kwa achule a madambo, zikuwonekeratu kuti malo okhala m'madzi opanda mchere amapereka mikhalidwe yabwino kuti apulumuke. Malo okhalamo amenewa amapereka zinthu zofunika pa kuswana, chakudya chochuluka, ndi chitetezo ku kugwa. Komabe, kusinthasintha kwa achule kumadera akumtunda kumawathandiza kukhala m'madera atsopano ndi kukulitsa malo awo, ngakhale kuti ali ndi mavuto aakulu ndi zolephera.

Kuchuluka kwa achule m'malo onse awiri

Ngakhale kuti amatha kukhala ndi moyo m'madera onse a madzi opanda mchere komanso a padziko lapansi, achule amatha kukhala ndi anthu ambiri m'madzi opanda mchere. Kupezeka kwa malo oswana, chakudya chochuluka, ndi malo abwino okhalamo zimapangitsa kuti anthu azichulukirachulukira m'malo amenewa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, anthu awo okhala padziko lapansi amakhala ochepa komanso omwazikana, kuwonetsa zofooka ndi zovuta zomwe amakumana nazo m'maderawa.

Zowopseza kuwononga achule m'madzi opanda mchere komanso malo okhala padziko lapansi

Achule a m’dambo amakumana ndi ziwopsezo zosiyanasiyana m’madzi a m’madzi komanso m’malo okhala padziko lapansi. M'malo okhala ndi madzi opanda mchere, kuipitsa, kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala, ndi kubweretsa zamoyo zomwe si zamtundu wamtundu wamtunduwu zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kwa anthu awo. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa matupi amadzi, monga ngalande kapena kukula kwambiri kwa mmera, kumatha kusokoneza malo omwe amaswana ndi kudya. Pamtunda, kuwonongedwa kwa malo okhala, kukula kwa mizinda, ndi kutayika kwa malo abwino okhala ndi chakudya ndizo ziwopsezo zazikulu pa moyo wawo.

Kutsiliza: Kusinthasintha kodabwitsa kwa achule a Marsh

Kusinthasintha kwa achule a m'dambo kumadzi a m'madzi opanda mchere ndi a padziko lapansi ndi umboni wa kusinthasintha kwawo modabwitsa monga zamoyo zam'madzi. Ngakhale kuti amakula bwino m'malo okhala ndi madzi opanda mchere, awonetsa kuti amatha kukhala m'malo okhazikika komanso kukhala ndi moyo pamtunda, ngakhale pamakhala zovuta zambiri. Maonekedwe awo, kusintha kwa thupi, ndi machitidwe amawathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito malo osiyanasiyana, motero amawonjezera mwayi wawo wopulumuka. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi ziwopsezo zomwe amakumana nazo m'malo onse awiriwa kuti atetezedwe kwanthawi yayitali amfibia olimba komanso osinthika.