Chiyambi cha Giant Salamanders

Masalamanders akuluakulu, omwe amadziwikanso kuti hellbenders, ndi zolengedwa zochititsa chidwi zomwe zili m'banja la amphibian Cryptobranchidae. Zolengedwa zodabwitsazi zimapezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana ku North America, Japan, ndi China. salamanders zimphona zimadziwika ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu, ndipo mitundu ina imakula mpaka mamita asanu ndi kulemera kwa mapaundi 60. Ngakhale kuti zimaoneka zochititsa mantha, zolengedwa zosaoneka bwinozi zakopa chidwi cha asayansi komanso okonda zachilengedwe chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo apadera.

Kodi Social Behaviour in Animals ndi chiyani?

Kakhalidwe ka anthu mu nyama amatanthauza kuyanjana ndi maubwenzi pakati pa anthu amtundu womwewo. Zimaphatikizapo kulankhulana kosiyanasiyana, mgwirizano, ndi kugwirizana, zomwe zimathandiza kuti gulu lonse likhale ndi moyo wabwino. Khalidwe la chikhalidwe cha anthu likhoza kuwonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga kupanga magulu, kugawanitsa ntchito, miyambo yoweta, ndi kusaka ndi mgwirizano kapena kulera ana. Kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe cha zinyama kumapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pa ntchito zawo zachilengedwe, kusintha kwachisinthiko, ndi njira zotetezera.

Dziko Losangalatsa la Giant Salamanders

Salamanders akuluakulu, omwe ali ndi mzere wawo wakale kuyambira nthawi ya ma dinosaurs, ndi zolengedwa zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Amphibians awa ali ndi kuphatikizika kwapadera kwa zosinthika zam'madzi ndi zapadziko lapansi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenerera moyo m'malo amadzi opanda mchere. Matupi awo ataliatali, mitu yawo yosalala, ndi khungu lawonda zimawathandiza kuyenda m'mafunde othamanga komanso kubisala pakati pa miyala ndi zinyalala. Zimphona zazikuluzikulu zimakhala zausiku, zimatuluka m'malo awo obisala usiku kukasaka nyama, zomwe makamaka zimakhala ndi nsomba, tizilombo, ndi crustaceans.

Kodi Giant Salamanders Amakhala M'magulu?

salamanders zazikulu ndi zolengedwa zokhala paokha, ndipo anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala m'madera awo m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje. Amakonda kukhala m’malo achinsinsi okhala ndi malo okwanira obisalamo, monga m’ming’alu ya miyala kapena mitengo yomira. Komabe, nthawi zina, monga nyengo yoswana, salamanders akuluakulu amatha kuwonetsa makhalidwe ambiri ndikusonkhana m'madera ena. Kuphatikizikaku kumatha kukhala kwakanthawi, pomwe anthu amabalalika akamaliza kukweretsa.

Kumvetsetsa Kuyanjana Kwamakhalidwe mu Giant Salamanders

Ngakhale salamanders zimphona sangakhale m'magulu okhazikika amagulu, amachita nawo zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Kuyanjana kumeneku kumaphatikizapo mikangano ya madera, miyambo ya pachibwenzi, ndi makhalidwe aukali kwa omwe angakhale opikisana nawo. Amuna a salamanders aamuna amadziwika kuti amachita nawo nkhondo zolimbana ndi ufulu wokwatilana, nthawi zambiri zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwonetsa mphamvu ndi kulamulira. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu amatha kulumikizana wina ndi mnzake kudzera m'mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe amankhwala, ndi mawu.

Zomwe Zimakhudza Makhalidwe Achikhalidwe mu Giant Salamanders

zinthu zingapo zimakhudza chikhalidwe cha anthu salamanders chimphona. Kupezeka kwa malo abwino okhala, chakudya, ndi mwayi woswana zimathandizira kwambiri kudziwa momwe anthu amalumikizirana wina ndi mnzake. Zinthu zachilengedwe, monga kutentha kwa madzi ndi kutuluka, zimakhudzanso khalidwe la salamanders zazikulu. Komanso, majini ndi makhalidwe a munthu akhoza kuthandizira kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe amawonedwa pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana kapena mitundu ya salamanders akuluakulu.

Kulankhulana Pakati pa Giant Salamanders

Salamanders akuluakulu amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zolankhulirana kuti apereke chidziwitso kuzinthu zodziwika bwino. Zowoneka, monga momwe thupi limakhalira komanso kusintha kwamitundu, nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa pamikangano yamadera kapena miyambo yaubwenzi. Kulankhulana mankhwala n'kofunikanso, ndi salamanders chimphona kumasula pheromones kukopa okwatirana angathe kapena kukhazikitsa malire madera. Kumveka kwa mawu, kokhala ndi kuyimba kocheperako kapena kung'ung'udza, kwawonedwa m'mitundu ina ndipo imatha kukhala njira yolankhulirana m'malo ena.

Njira Zoberekera za Giant Salamanders

Kubalana salamanders chimphona ndi mbali yofunika ya chikhalidwe chawo chikhalidwe. Kukweretsa kumachitika nthawi ya masika kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pamene madzi akutentha bwino. Amuna salamanders amachita ziwonetsero zachibwenzi kuti akope akazi, nthawi zambiri zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mawu komanso kukhudzana. Akazi amaikira mazira m’mabowo a pansi pa madzi, ndipo aamuna amatha kulondera zisa kuti atetezedwe ku zilombo zolusa. Pambuyo hatching, salamanders achinyamata kukumana siteji larval pamaso kusintha mu uchikulire.

Makhalidwe Ogwirizana mu Giant Salamanders

Ngakhale salamanders zimphona makamaka ali yekha, pakhala kuona khalidwe mgwirizano mu zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, anthu akhoza kugwirizana panthawi yodyetsa, ndi salamander angapo amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti agwire zinthu zazikulu. Mchitidwe wogwirizira zisa wawonedwanso, ndi zazikazi zingapo zomwe zimayika mazira mu zisa zamagulu. Makhalidwe amgwirizano awa atha kupereka zopindulitsa monga kuchulukirachulukira kwa chakudya komanso chitetezo chowonjezereka kwa adani.

Ubwino wa Social Behaviour mu Giant Salamanders

Social khalidwe salamanders chimphona amapereka angapo ubwino. Kukhala moyandikana ndi ma conspecifics kumathandizira kugawana zambiri zazakudya komanso ziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike. Kukhala m'magulu kungaperekenso chitetezo chowonjezereka kwa adani, monga momwe anthu angathetsere pamodzi ndi kuwaletsa. Kuphatikiza apo, mayanjano apakati panyengo zoswana amatsimikizira kuberekana kopambana polola anthu kupeza okwatirana oyenerera ndikuchita nawo miyambo yachibwenzi.

Zovuta ndi Zowopsa pa Makhalidwe a Anthu mu Giant Salamanders

Ngakhale phindu la chikhalidwe cha anthu, salamanders chimphona amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri ndi ziwopsezo zomwe zingasokoneze mayanjano awo. Kuwononga malo okhala, kuipitsa, ndi kusintha kwanyengo kumaika pachiwopsezo chachikulu pa moyo wawo. Kugawikana kwa malo awo okhala chifukwa cha zochita za anthu kungachepetse kupezeka kwa madera oyenera ndi malo oswana, kuchepetsa mwayi woyanjana ndi anthu. Kuonjezera apo, kudyera masuku pamutu pazakudya, mankhwala azikhalidwe, ndi malonda a ziweto kumaikanso pachiwopsezo chambiri komanso kusokoneza machitidwe awo achilengedwe.

Kutsiliza: The Social Lives of Giant Salamanders

Ngakhale salamanders zimphona sizingawonetsere chikhalidwe cha anthu mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya nyama, iwo amasonyeza kuyanjana kochititsa chidwi ndi kusintha komwe kumathandizira kuti apulumuke. Kumvetsetsa moyo wa anthu salamanders chimphona n'kofunika kwambiri kuti atetezedwe, chifukwa amapereka zidziwitso za ntchito zawo zachilengedwe, njira zoberekera, ndi mayankho ku kusintha kwa chilengedwe. Pamene tikupitiriza kuphunzira ndi kuyamikira zolengedwa zodabwitsazi, m'pofunika kuteteza malo awo ndi kulimbikitsa njira zosamalira zachilengedwe kuti zitsimikizidwe kupitirizabe kukhalapo kwa zolengedwa zodabwitsazi.