Mary Allen
Chimpanzees jinsin manyan birai ne. Suna cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa kuma su ne dangi na kusa da mutane. A cikin yanayi, suna rayuwa ne kawai a tsakiyar Afirka. A can suna zaune a cikin dazuzzuka da kuma cikin savannah.
Akwai nau'ikan chimpanzee guda biyu: "chimpanzee gama gari" galibi ana kiransa "chimpanzee". Sauran nau'in shine bonobo, wanda kuma aka sani da "pygmy chimpanzee". Duk da haka, kusan girmansa yayi daidai da na chimpanzee na kowa amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi.
Chimpanzees suna da tsayin kusan mita ɗaya daga kai zuwa ƙasa. Lokacin da suke tsaye, sun kai girman ɗan ƙaramin mutum. Matan sun kai kilogiram 25 zuwa 50, mazan kuwa sun kai kilogiram 35 zuwa 70. Hannun ku sun fi kafafunku tsayi. Suna da zagayen kunnuwa a kawunansu da kaurin kashi akan idanunsu.
Chimpanzees suna cikin haɗari sosai. Babban dalili: mutane suna ci gaba da ɗaukar wuraren zama daga gare su ta hanyar share gandun daji da dasa shuki. Masu bincike, mafarauta, da masu yawon bude ido suna kamuwa da cutar chimpanzees da cututtuka. Wannan na iya rasa rayukan su ga chimpanzees.
Ta yaya chimpanzees ke rayuwa?
Chimpanzees galibi suna kiwo a cikin bishiyoyi, amma kuma a ƙasa. A zahiri suna cin komai, amma galibi 'ya'yan itatuwa da goro. Amma ganye, furanni, da tsaba suma suna cikin menu nasu. Akwai kuma kwari da kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa irin su jemagu, amma da sauran birai.
Chimpanzees suna da kyau a hawan bishiyoyi. A kasa, suna tafiya da ƙafafu da hannayensu. Duk da haka, ba a goyan bayan su a kan dukan hannun, amma kawai a kan yatsu na biyu da na uku. A gare mu mutane, wannan zai zama yatsan hannu da yatsa na tsakiya.
Chimpanzees suna farkawa da rana kuma suna barci da dare, kamar mutane. A kowane dare suna gina sabon gida na ganye a kan bishiya. Ba za su iya yin iyo ba. Chimpanzee na kowa yana amfani da kayan aiki: guntun itace azaman guduma ko sanduna don haƙa ko fitar da tururuwa daga cikin burrows.
Chimpanzees dabbobi ne na zamantakewa. Suna zaune a manyan kungiyoyi ko kuma an raba su zuwa kananan kungiyoyi. A wajen chimpanzee na kowa, namiji yakan zama shugaba, a wajen bonobos, yawanci mace ce. Duk chimpanzees suna angwance gashin juna ta hanyar dibar kwari da sauran kananan dabbobi daga juna.
Ta yaya chimpanzees ke haifuwa?
Chimpanzees na iya yin aure duk shekara. Hakazalika da mata, mata suna yin haila kowane mako biyar zuwa shida. Ciki yana kai wata bakwai zuwa takwas. Haka uwa ta dauki dan cikinta. Yawanci takan haifi 'ya'ya daya kawai a lokaci guda. Akwai 'yan tagwaye kaɗan.
Jaririn chimpanzee yana nauyin kilogiram ɗaya zuwa biyu. Sannan tana shayar da nonon mahaifiyarta kamar shekaru hudu zuwa biyar. Amma sai ya zauna tare da mahaifiyar na tsawon lokaci.
Chimpanzees dole ne su kasance kusan shekaru bakwai zuwa tara kafin su sami zuriyarsu. A cikin rukuni, duk da haka, dole ne su jira. Chimpanzees gama gari suna kimanin shekaru 13 zuwa 16 kafin su zama iyaye da kansu. A cikin daji, chimpanzees suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30 zuwa 40, kuma a cikin gidan zoo yawanci kusan shekaru 50.