UMary Allen
Igama lalo sele linikezela ngendlela elikhangeleka ngayo: ixoxo elinebellied emthubi linesisu esimthubi esiqaqambileyo esinamachokoza amnyama.
iimpawu
Akhangeleka njani amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi?
Ixoxo elinesisu esimthubi liyamangalisa: Ukusuka phezulu lingwevu-bumdaka, mnyama, okanye umbala wodongwe, kwaye kukho iintsumpa esikhumbeni. Oku kuyenza igqunywe kakuhle emanzini nodaka. Kwelinye icala, kwicala lesisu kunye nangaphantsi kwemilenze yangaphambili kunye nangasemva iyabengezela ilamuni okanye i-orenji-tyheli kwaye ifaniswe namabala abhlowu-ngwevu.
Njengazo zonke izilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, ixoxo elinesisu esimthubi lidla ngokukhupha ulusu ngamaxesha athile. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zemibala – nokuba zimdaka, zingwevu, okanye zimnyama – zixhomekeke apho ahlala khona amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi. Ngoko ziyahluka ngokwemimandla. Amaxoxo afana namaxoxo, xa ejongwe phezulu kodwa mancinci kwaye imizimba yawo ithe nca.
Amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi aziisentimitha nje ezine ukuya kwezintlanu ubude. Zezoonogada kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, kodwa hayi amaxoxo okanye amasele. Bakha usapho lwabo, usapho olunolwimi-disc. Kubizwa ngokuba ezi zilwanyana zineelwimi ezimile okwe-disc. Ngokwahlukileyo kulwimi lwamasele, ulwimi lwexoxo aliphumi emlonyeni ukuze libambe ixhoba.
Ukongezelela, ngokungafaniyo namasele kunye namaxoxo, iinkunzi zexoxo elityheli-bellied azinasingxobo samazwi. Ngexesha lexesha lokukhwelana, iinkunzi ziba namaqhuma amnyama kumaphambili; okubizwa ngokuba yi-rutting calluses kwiminwe kunye neenzwane. Abafundi bayothusa: bamilise intliziyo.
Ahlala phi amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi?
Amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi ahlala kumbindi nakumazantsi eYurophu kumphakamo wama-200 ukuya kwi-1800 yeemitha. Emazantsi zifumaneka eItali naseFransi ukuya kutsho kwiPyrenees kumda waseSpain, azifumaneki eSpain. I-Weserbergland kunye neentaba zeHarz eJamani yimida esemantla yokusabalalisa. Emantla nasempuma, ixoxo elihlobene ngokusondeleyo ne-fire-bellied lenzeka endaweni yalo.
Amaxoxo afuna amadama angekho nzulu, anelanga ukuze aphile. Bathanda kakhulu xa la manzi mancinane ekufuphi nehlathi. Kodwa banokufumana ikhaya kwimingxuma yegrabile. Kwaye nomzila wamavili ozaliswe ngamanzi wanele ukuba baphile. Abawathandi amadama anezityalo ezininzi zasemanzini. Ukuba idama liyakhula, amaxoxo ayafuduka kwakhona. Ngenxa yokuba amaxoxo aneembilini ezityheli efuduka esuka emanzini aye kumanzi amaninzi, adla ngokuba phakathi kwezilwanyana zokuqala ezakha idama elitsha. Ngenxa yokuba amanzi amancinane ngolo hlobo aya enqaba ngakumbi apha, kukwakho amaxoxo ambalwa aneembilini ezimthubi.
Zeziphi iindidi zamaxoxo anesisu esimthubi ezikhoyo?
Ixoxo elinomlilo (iBombina bombina) lihlobene ngokusondeleyo. Umqolo wabo nawo umnyama, kodwa isisu sazo sineendawo ezikhanyayo ezi-orenji-bomvu ukuya kubomvu kunye namachaphaza amancinci amhlophe. Nangona kunjalo, ihlala empuma nasemantla kunexoxo eli-yellow-bellied kwaye ayifumaneki kwiindawo ezifanayo. Ngokungafaniyo nexoxo elinesisu esimthubi, linengxowa yelizwi. Uluhlu lweentlobo zombini luwelana kuphela ukusuka kumbindi waseJamani ukuya eRomania. Amaxoxo atyheli kunye nanesisu esivuthayo angakhwelana apha kwaye abe nenzala kunye.
Ingaba amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi eba neminyaka emingaphi?
Amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi akahlali ngaphezu kweminyaka esibhozo endle. Ngokungafaniyo namaxoxo, angena kuphela emanzini ukuze avelise kwakhona, amaxoxo ahlala phantse kuphela kumachibi namachibi amancinci ukusuka ngo-Epreli ukuya kuSeptemba. Ziye diurnal kwaye zihlala zixhoma ngemilenze yazo yangasemva, amehlo, kunye nempumlo phezu kwamanzi, kwidama labo elikhanya ilanga. Oku kubonakala kukhululekile kwaye kukhululekile.
Amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi aqhele ukuhlala kumzimba omnye wamanzi, kodwa afuduka abuye naphambili phakathi kwamachibi ahlukeneyo. Izilwanyana ezincinci, ngokukodwa, ngabahambi bokwenene: bahamba ukuya kwi-3000 yeemitha ukufumana indawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala. Izilwanyana ezindala, kwelinye icala, kunzima ukuhamba ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-60 okanye ezili-100 ukuya kumngxuma okufutshane wamanzi. Ukusabela kwingozi kufana nexoxo elityheli-bellied: yinto ebizwa ngokuba yindawo yoloyiko.
Isele lilala lingashukumi esiswini salo kwaye ligobe imilenze yalo yangaphambili neyomva ukuya phezulu ukuze umbala oqaqambileyo ubonakale. Ngamanye amaxesha naye ulala ngomqolo aze abonise isisu sakhe esimthubi nesimnyama. Lo mbala ufanele ukuba ulumkise iintshaba kwaye uzigcine kude kuba amaxoxo akhupha incindi enetyhefu ecaphukisa imifinya xa kukho ingozi.
Ebusika, i-yellow-bellied toads zifihla emhlabeni phantsi kwamatye okanye iingcambu. Apho ziphila kwixesha elibandayo ukususela ekupheleni kukaSeptemba ukuya ekupheleni kuka-Aprili.
Abahlobo kunye neentshaba zexoxo elinesisu esimthubi
Iinewts, iinyoka zengca, kunye nemibungu yedragonfly iyathanda ukuhlasela inzala yamaxoxo anesisu esimthubi kwaye itye i-tadpoles. Kwakhona iintlanzi ziyawathanda amaxoxo. Ngoko ke, amaxoxo angaphila kuphela emanzini ngaphandle kweentlanzi. Iinyoka zengca kunye neenewts ziyingozi kakhulu kubantu abadala
Amaxoxo anesisu esimthubi azala njani?
Ixesha lokukhwelana kwamaxoxo anesisu esimthubi lisukela ekupheleni kuka-Epreli nasekuqaleni kukaMeyi ukuya phakathi kuJulayi. Ngeli xesha, iimazi zibeka amaqanda amaxesha amaninzi. Iinkunzi zesele ezinesisu esimthubi zihlala echibini lazo kwaye zizama ukutsala iimazi ezilungele ukukhwelana ngeminxeba yazo. Kwangaxeshanye, bayawayeka amanye amadoda kwiziprofeto zabo zentshabalalo baze bathi: “Yeka, lo ngummandla wam.
Xa zikhwelana, iinkunzi zibamba iimazi ngokuqinileyo. Emva koko iimazi zibeke amaqanda azo kwiipakethi ezincinci ezingqukuva. Iipakethe zamaqanda - nganye iqulathe malunga namaqanda angama-100 - incamatheliswa kwizikhondo zezityalo zasemanzini yimazi okanye izike emazantsi amanzi.
Oonovevane baqandusela kubo emva kweentsuku ezisibhozo. Zinkulu ngokumangalisayo, zinomlinganiselo we-intshi enesiqingatha xa ziqandusela kwaye zikhula zibe yi-intshi ezimbini ubude njengoko zikhula. Zingwevu-mdaka ngombala kwaye zinamabala amnyama. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, zinokukhula zibe ngamaxoxo amancinci kwisithuba senyanga. Olu phuhliso lukhawulezayo lubalulekile kuba amaxoxo ahlala kumanzi amancinci anokomisa ehlotyeni. Kuphela kuxa oonochuku bekhule baba ngamaxoxo amancinane ngelo xesha apho banokuthi bafuduke banqumle umhlaba baze bakhangele amanzi amatsha njengekhaya.