UMary Allen
Intshayelelo: Ityala Elinomdla leNtaka yeCuckoo
Ngaba wakha weva ngentaka yecuckoo? Olu hlobo lukhethekileyo lwaziwa ngendlela engaqhelekanga yokuzala, nto leyo ebandakanya ukubeka amaqanda kwiindlwane zezinye iindidi zeentaka. Iintaka zeCuckoo azizakheli iindlwana zazo okanye azikhuliseli ezazo iindlwane. Kunoko, baxhomekeke kwezinye iintaka ukuba zibenzele umsebenzi onzima. Oku kunokuvakala njengokukhohlisa, kodwa iintaka ze-cuckoo ziye zavelisa esi sicwangciso ukuze zibanike inzuzo kwihlabathi elikhuphisanayo lokuzala kweentaka.
I-Advanteary ye-Evolution ye-Brood Parasitism
Indlela eziziphatha ngayo iintaka ze cuckoo zaziwa njenge brood parasitism. Oku kuthetha ukuba zibeka amaqanda azo kwiindlwane zezinye iindidi zeentaka, ezithi zikhulise amantshontsho ecuckoo ngokungathi zezazo. Esi sicwangciso siye savela ngokuhamba kwexesha njengendlela yeentaka ze-cuckoo zokwandisa impumelelo yazo yokuzala. Ngokubeka amaqanda kwiindlwane zezinye iintaka, akuyomfuneko ukuba azikhathaze ngokuzakhela ezawo iindlwane, ekufukameni amaqanda awo, okanye ukondla amantshontsho awo. Kunoko, banokujolisa onke amandla abo ekuveliseni inzala eninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Iintaka zeCuckoo zikhohlisa njani ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ukuba zikhulise inzala yazo
Iintaka zeCuckoo zenze amaqhinga okuqinisekisa ukuba amaqanda azo amkelwe kwaye akhuliswe zezinye iintlobo zeentaka. Zikhetha ngocoselelo uhlobo lweentaka ezizalela amaqanda azo kuzo, zikhetha ezo zinemifuziselo yamaqanda afanayo nezazo. Zikwazalela amaqanda azo kanye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukuze ziqandusele ngaphambi kwamaqanda ezilwanyana ezizingqongileyo, nto leyo enika amantshontsho ecuckoo isiqalo. Lakuba intshontsho lecuckoo liqanduselwe, lisebenzisa umlomo walo owomeleleyo kunye nesakhono salo sokuthetha ukuze leyisele abazali balo ukuba lilondle kwaye balinyamekele, ngokufuthi lihlawula inzala yabo. Ngelixa oku kunokubonakala ngathi licebo lokuzingca, libonakalise ukuba lisebenza kakhulu kwiintaka ze-cuckoo.
IQhinga leCuckoo Bird's Egg-Laying: UbuGcisa beStealth kunye nexesha
Iintaka zeCuckoo zithatha inyameko enkulu ekukhetheni iindlwane zohlobo lwazo kunye nokubeka amaqanda azo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Bakholisa ukubeka iqanda elinye kuphela kwindlwane nganye ukunqanda ukubhaqwa kwaye balinganise ubungakanani kunye neepateni zombala wamaqanda eentlobo zezilwanyana. Bakwayala ngononophelo ixesha lokubeka iqanda ukuze lingqamane nomjikelo wokubekwa kwamaqanda kweentlobo zezilwanyana, ukuze amaqanda abo aqanduselwe kuqala kwaye abazali abasindwendwe badla ngokuwanyamekela.
Amaqhinga okusinda amantshontsho eCuckoo: Ukugqwesa abantakwabo
Amantshontsho eCuckoo azalwa enobuchule obuthile bokusinda. Zidla ngokutyhalela amaqanda okanye amantshontsho ezi zilwanyana ziwakhuphele ngaphandle kwendlwane ukuze ziqinisekise ukuba zifumana ingqalelo nokutya kubazali bazo. Bakwanayo nomnxeba owahlukileyo olinganisa isandi samantshontsho amaninzi, nto leyo eyenza abazali abamkela iindwendwe bacinge ukuba mininzi imilomo yokutyisa kunokuba ikhona ngokwenene. La maqhinga abonakalise ukusebenza kakuhle kakhulu, njengoko amantshontsho e-cuckoo ehlala ekhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye emakhulu kunabantakwabo abandwendwele, eqinisekisa ukusinda kwawo.
Indima yeentlobo zeentlobo kwiMpumelelo yokuZala yeNtaka yeCuckoo
Impumelelo yeqhinga lokuzala lentaka ye-cuckoo ixhomekeke kakhulu ekukulungeleni kwezinye iindidi zeentaka ukukhathalela inzala yazo. Ezinye iintlobo zomkhosi ziye zavelisa ukhuseleko kwiintaka ze-cuckoo, ezifana nokuqaphela kunye nokwala amaqanda azo. Abanye baye bavela kunye neentaka ze-cuckoo, baphuhlisa amaqhinga okuqaphela kunye nokukhulisa amaqanda abo njengabo. Impumelelo yeentaka ze-cuckoo ikwaxhomekeke ekufumanekeni kweentlobo ezifanelekileyo zomkhosi kunye nobuninzi bemithombo yokutya kwindawo yazo.
Uhlengahlengiso olunomdla lweentaka zeCuckoo kwi-Brood Parasitism
Iintaka zeCuckoo ziye zavelisa ulungelelwaniso olunomdla ukuxhasa isicwangciso sabo se-brood parasitism. Zinemilomo eyomeleleyo yokwaphula amaqanda eendwendwe ezivulekileyo, izakhono zelizwi zokweyisela abazali abamkeli zindwendwe ukuba babakhathalele, kunye namaqanda akhethekileyo alinganisa inkangeleko yamaqanda omkhosi. Kwakhona banenkqubo eyodwa yokwetyisa evumela ukuba bagaye iikhompawundi eziyityhefu ezifumaneka kumaqanda ohlobo oluthile lomkhosi, zibanika inzuzo ngaphezu kwabantakwabo abaphetheyo.
Ukuqukumbela: Kutheni iintaka zeCuckoo ziyenye yezona ntlobo zeNdalo ezinomdla kakhulu
Iintaka zeCuckoo zintlobo ezinomdla eziye zavela kwisicwangciso esikhethekileyo sokuzala. Ukuziphatha kwabo kwe-brood parasitism kubonakalise ukuba kusebenza kakhulu ekwandiseni impumelelo yabo yokuzala, kwaye baye baphuhlisa uhlengahlengiso olunomtsalane ukuxhasa esi sicwangciso. Nangona ukuziphatha kwabo kusenokubonakala ngathi kukuzingca, kuyinxalenye yendalo yehlabathi elikhuphisanayo lokuzala kwezilwanyana. Iintaka zeCuckoo zisisikhumbuzo sokwahluka okumangalisayo kobomi kwiplanethi yethu kunye neendlela ezininzi eziye zavela ngazo iintlobo zezilwanyana ukuze ziphile kwaye zichume.