UMary Allen
Impuku njengesilwanyana sasekhaya ayiseyonto yangaphakathi phakathi kwabathandi bezilwanyana. Kwakhona wakwazi ukuphalaza umfanekiso wakhe njengesibetho kunye nesithwali sezifo, ubuncinci kweli lizwe.
Nangona kunjalo, akwaziwa kakhulu ukuba impuku ngokwayo inokufumana izifo ezikhethekileyo. Nabani na ocinga ngendibaniselwano yeempuku nezifo ucinga ngovavanyo lwaselabhoratri, iindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kunye nemijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka, mhlawumbi nesithiyelo esinetyhefu esikwigumbi elingaphantsi kwakhe – kodwa izifo zeempuku ngengqiqo yeempuku ezigulayo ezifuna ukunyangwa azifane zixoxwe. Kodwa izihloko ezinjalo zibalulekile kubagcini beempuku.
Ayisiyiyo kuphela ukulungelelaniswa kakuhle kwimeko embi kakhulu, kodwa ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ukuchonga izinto ezinobungozi obunokwenzeka ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokuthintela izifo. Ngoku sifuna ukubeka ngengqondo into ebalulekileyo apha.
Ukhathalelo kunye nempilo yempuku emnyama efuywayo
Ngobuchule bayo obubalaseleyo kunye nobuchule bokufunda, impuku emnyama izizuzele enye yezona ndawo ziphezulu kwisikali sokuthandwa. Kwangaxeshanye, uyakhuthaza ngokuthembeka kwakhe.
Indibaniselwano yezi mpawu yenza ukuba impuku ifaneleke njengesilwanyana sasekhaya. Iimpuku ziyabaqonda abanini bazo, zivumele ukuba zifuywe kwaye zijonge phambili kwimingeni efanayo kunye namathuba engqesho. Ngamafutshane, ngendoda enjalo yegundane inokuzonwabisa kakhulu. Ukuze olu vuyo luhlale ixesha elide kunokwenzeka, ukufuywa kweentlobo ezifanelekileyo kuyimfuneko, eqwalasela zonke izibango kunye neemfuno zezempilo zegundane.
Iintlobo-ezifanelekileyo zokufuya iimpuku
Iimpuku ezincinci zidla ngokuphelela kwindlwana yeempuku, apho zinokubeka indawo yazo kwaye zibe nazo zonke izinto ezibalulekileyo ezizidingayo ukuze ziphile. Ngamanye amazwi, izinto zokwakha indlwane, umqolomba okanye indlu encinci yokuhlala, amanzi okusela amatsha kunye nokutya okunokulinganisela. Noko ke, oko kukodwa bekungayi kwanela kulonwabo lweempuku.
Uhlobo olufanelekileyo lokufuya iimpuku lukwabandakanya imidlalo efanelekileyo yokugcina izilwanyana ngokwasengqondweni nasemzimbeni. Ezi zinokuba ngamatonela, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwekheji, izinto zendalo zokuluma kunye nokugrumba, kunye namathoyizi eempuku. Ngaphandle kwayo yonke le nto, ukukruquka kuya kulawula ngokukhawuleza ekhejini.
Ungalibali ukuba iimpuku zizilwanyana ezipakishayo kwaye ke ngoko zixhomekeke kunxibelelwano lwentlalo nohlobo lwazo. Ngoko ubuncinane izilwanyana ezibini kufuneka zigcinwe, apho abantu abathandana besini esinye kunye namaqela, kunye ne-neuters, izezona zisombululo.
Ekugqibeleni, kungakhathaliseki ukuba uzama kangakanani, ikheji iya kuba yinto engenanto kwaye abahloli bamazwe baya kufuna iindidi ezininzi. Ukufikelela rhoqo kwangaphandle kwigumbi kugcina iigundane kunye nabanini kwiinzwane zabo.
Ngokuzivocavoca okukhethekileyo kunye neeyunithi zoqeqesho, abancinci bafunda ngokukhawuleza amaqhinga ambalwa amakhulu, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo babuye babe nobubhanxa kwiintloko zabo ngezikhathi ezithile. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba uhlale ubeke iliso kwimpilo-ntle yezithandwa zakho, zombini xa ubaleka simahla kunye nasekhejini.
Ukuhlolwa kwempilo yeempuku
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokujonga impilo yeempuku kuxa zityiswa okanye xa ziqeqeshwa okanye zidlalwa. Uvavanyo olunjalo lwempilo kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo, ngokufanelekileyo yonke imihla. Ngethamsanqa, ayithathi kakhulu: amava amancinci, umonde kunye nengqalelo.
Oku kulandelayo kufuneka kuqala kujongwe:
- Iintshukumo. Ukuba isilwanyana siyaqhwalela, sisenokwenzakala. Ukuba iyaguquguquka, kunokubakho izizathu zangaphakathi zezinto eziphilayo okanye ingxaki yokujikeleza kwegazi.
- Ukuziphatha. Iimpuku zibonisa umdla wokutyisa nokudlala. Iimpuku ezingakhathaliyo, eziphazamisekileyo okanye ezindlongondlongo zijongwa njengeengxaki zokuziphatha kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokusondeleyo.
- Ukwetyisa. Ukutya okutyiwayo, ukusela, ukuchama kunye nelindle zizalathisi ezibalulekileyo zokwetyisa okusempilweni kwempuku. Ukuba enye yazo iphosakele, oku kunokuba nemiphumo emibi. Ngokomzekelo, izinyo likhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokutya, urhudo lubonisa ukutya okunganyamezelekiyo kwaye, ngokukhawuleza, xa igazi libonakala, uncedo luyafuneka.
- Amalungu oluvo. Umoya ococekileyo, amehlo acacileyo kunye namazinyo aphilileyo abaluleke kakhulu. Ingxolo yokuphefumla, ukubomvu kunye nokudumba kwamehlo kunye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila okanye ukudumba kuyonakalisa kakhulu impilo yempuku. Nalapha kufuneka kuthatyathwe amanyathelo akhawulezileyo.
- uboya kunye nolusu. I-parasite infestation, i-rashes kunye ne-alergic reactions ingabonwa ngokucacileyo kwi-fur coat. Iindlebe nazo zisengozini ngakumbi.
Zonke ezi nkcukacha zinokujongwa kwimizuzu embalwa. Ukukrwaqula nje okukodwa kudla ngokwaneleyo ukuze ubone ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga. Ngapha koko, uninzi lwabanini beempuku bazazi ngokukhawuleza izilwanyana zabo kangangokuba izitenxo zibaluleke ngakumbi kunesiqhelo.
Nangona kunjalo, isilwanyana ngasinye kufuneka siqwalaselwe ngokwahlukileyo. Ezinye iimpawu zibonwa kuphela xa kuhlolwa ngokusondeleyo, ezinye ziyakwazi ukuchongwa kuphela nge-palpation, ezifana ne-cramps yesisu. Ke ngoko, eyona ndlela yothintelo kuzo zonke izifo zempuku kukuhlola impilo rhoqo.
Ezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zeempuku xa ujonga nje
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izinto ezingaqhelekanga ziqatshelwe okanye ngaphezu kweempawu ezicacileyo sele zibonakala, isiluleko esihle siyabiza. Ngaphandle kokuguquguquka kunye nodumo lwabo njengabasindileyo, nakwezona meko zinzima kakhulu, iimpuku zinokuba novelwano ngokugula kunye nokwenzakala.
Kakade ke, oku kusebenza ngakumbi kwiimpuku zasendlwini kunempuku yesitalato ngokubanzi. Abanawo umxokomezelo wokhuselo lomzimba okanye ukhuselo lokulwa iintsholongwane ezibalulekileyo kunye neentsholongwane. Kodwa banenye inzuzo ebalulekileyo: umnini wabo, onokubuyela kunyango lwangoku lwezilwanyana kwaye ngethemba unolwazi malunga nokuba zinganyangwa njani izifo zempuku.
Iimpuku kunye ne-mycoplasmosis
Isifo esibhalwe rhoqo kwiigundane zangaphakathi yi-mycoplasmosis. Olu lusulelo lwendlela yokuphefumla. Into ekhohlisayo kukuba ayizizo zonke izilwanyana ezinesifo ezibonakalisa iimpawu. Ukongezelela, esi sifo sisasazeka kakhulu. Izilwanyana eziselula okanye amalungu omthwalo ahlala egula. Noko ke, wonke umntu usengozini.
Iimpawu ze-mycoplasmosis zizibonakaliso zokuqala ezifana nokunyuka kokunyuka kunye nokukhutshwa kweempumlo. Njengoko isifo siqhubela phambili, ii-pathogens zosulela i-airways esezantsi, yonke indlela eya emiphungeni. Isiphumo kukuphefumla nzima. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukufa ngenxa ye-pulmonary embolism.
Kukwaphawuleka nokuba izilwanyana ziyakuphepha ukuzibhokoxa kuba azifumani moya waneleyo okanye ukuphefumla kunzima kwaye kubuhlungu. Ukungabi namdla xa udlala okanye usitya kufuneka ke ngoko kuthathelwe ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphezu koko, ucoceko lobuqu aluhoywa, kuba nalo lufuna ukomelela. Iimpuku ezithwaxwa yi-mycoplasmosis zihlala zinoboya obude, amehlo aqatywe bubomvu-ntsundu kunye nokuncipha okukhulu kobunzima. Kwezinye iimeko, kukho ukusuleleka kweendlebe kunye nokuphazamiseka kwentshukumo.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, uncedo lunokubonelelwa ngokuthintela kwaye ekuqaleni kokuqhambuka kwesi sifo. Ngokutsho kwezifundo, izinto ezithile zibangela isifo kwasekuqaleni. Ngokomzekelo, ukuxinezeleka, ukungondleki kakuhle, imvula, kunye nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwamaqondo obushushu. Isiqulatho se-ammonia emoyeni sikwakrokrelwa ukuba sidlala indima apha.
Zonke ezi zinto zicingelwa ukuba ziphembelela akufuneki zenzeke kuhlobo olufanelekileyo lokufuya iimpuku. Ikheji kufuneka ikhuselwe emoyeni, ekufudumeni nasekukhanyeni kwelanga. Amafa asasaza iintsholongwane kunye ne-ammonia kufuneka asuswe rhoqo. Kwaye ukutya okunokulinganisela kunye nokuphepha uxinzelelo ngokuqhelekileyo kuyinxalenye yeziseko zokugcina iigundane.
Ngoko kutheni i-mycoplasmosis isaxhaphake kangaka? Ikakhulu ngenxa yokungazi. Kuba iimpuku zithengwa ngaphandle kokuba abanini bafumanise ngokwaneleyo malunga nezilwanyana kwangaphambili. Ngenxa yokuba iingozi kunye neempawu azibonakali kwangethuba. Kwaye okokugqibela kodwa kuncinci kuba abaninzi abazi ukuba benze njani xa i-mycoplasmosis iqala.
Ukuya kugqirha wezilwanyana kudla ngokuba sesona sigqibo silungileyo, nokuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ngenene yi-mycoplasmosis. Ithi ke inyangwe ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ngexesha elide, isondlo esincinci se-fat-fat kunye nekhalori, ukuba kuyimfuneko kunye ne-vitamin-rich rich feed additives ukuqinisa amajoni omzimba, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wokulala kwi-cage, okuthintela ukuvumba kwe-ammonia kwaye ngexesha elifanayo. iyayikhusela ngokugqibeleleyo.
Izifo zesisu
Iingxaki zokwetyisa azixhaphakanga kwiimpuku. Iimpuku ezihlala endle zidla ngokutya inyama ebolileyo, ukutya okushiyekileyo ekudala sikufumene kungatyiwa, kunye nenye inkunkuma. Kwelinye icala, ibuzi eliqhelekileyo, lonakele kakhulu - kwaye ke ngamanye amaxesha lisabela ngovelwano ngakumbi kunabo bakwinkqubo yogutyulo.
Izinto ezibangela izifo zesisu kwiimpuku ziquka:
- Ukutya okungalunganga (amafutha amaninzi, iswekile, ukutya okungafanelekanga kweempuku, ukutshintsha ukutya)
- Izifunxi-gazi ezifana neentshulube
- Iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane (i-rotavirus nayo isasazeka kwiimpuku, umzekelo)
- ukusabela kumayeza
- Uxinzelelo, umzekelo ngenxa yokuhamba, iholide, ilungu elitsha lepakethe, njl.
Ngokuxhomekeke kunobangela, urhudo okanye ukuqhina kufuneka kunyangwe ngokuthe ngqo. Ingakumbi ukutya okuthambileyo kudla ngokunceda okwethutyana ukuthomalalisa kwaye ngobunono kukhuthaze ukwetyisa. Uninzi lwezalathisi zinokubonwa lula kwilindle. Ukuba awuqinisekanga malunga nezifunxi-gazi, ungathumela iisampulu zelindle kwiilabhoratri eziqinisekisiweyo kwaye zivavanywe. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wezilwanyana unokunceda kwaye uqinisekisiwe ukuba uyazi ukuba loluphi unyango olunokuthi luzise uphuculo.
Iprophylaxis yamazinyo kunye neengxaki zamazinyo
Njengempuku, kungekudala okanye kamva iingxaki zamazinyo ziya kuvela. Iimpuku ezindala zichaphazeleka ikakhulu. Apho elithi “endala” lingenantsingiselo ncam. Endle, impuku iphila kangangeenyanga ezili-12. Iigundane ezifuywayo, umzekelo, zingaphila iminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobudala okanye ukuzala, ukungahambi kakuhle kwamazinyo, ukudumba kwindawo yezinyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwamazinyo okwahlukeneyo. I-Genetic predispositions ngokuqinisekileyo idlala indima, kodwa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-gnawing kwi-lattice ikhuthaza iingxaki zamazinyo.
Ke ngoko, ngenxa yokuba iimpuku zizimpuku, kufuneka zihlale zinemathiriyeli efanelekileyo yokulola nokukrweca amazinyo azo, kungakhathaliseki ukutya. Iinkuni ezikhethekileyo, imigca, iingcambu, iintambo, kodwa kunye namathoyizi egundane akhuthaza i-prophylaxis yamazinyo. Izibonelelo zininzi:
- Ukucoca amazinyo kunye nezithuba phakathi kwamazinyo
- ukomelezwa kweentsini
- Ukulola kunye nokunciphisa ii-incisors ezikhulayo rhoqo
- Ukuphepha ukwenzakala emlonyeni ngenxa yamazinyo abukhali
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuziphatha okufanelekileyo kwentlalo
Kwimeko yamathandabuzo, ugqirha wezilwanyana unokunceda apha kwaye abonise izakhono zakhe njengogqirha wamazinyo kwiimpuku.
Idyasi kunye (ne-mucous) iingxaki zesikhumba
Iingxaki ngoboya, ulusu kunye ne-mucous membrane zibonakala ngokulula ngaphandle kwaye ngethamsanqa zihlala zilula ukunyanga. Ezinye izifo zichaphazela iindawo ezininzi ngaxeshanye kwaye ziyakwazi ukukhathaza iimpuku kwaye zinwenwele kwezinye izilwanyana - hayi nje kwizinto ezicacileyo.
Umzekelo, ii-ectoparasites (okt izifunxi-gazi ezihlala ngaphandle) ezifana namangolwane, iintakumba neentwala zinokufunyanwa kuboya bempuku kwaye kamsinya emva koko kwinja ekwahlala endlwini. Okanye ngokuphambene, inja idlulisela izifunxi-gazi kwiimpuku.
Iifungus zikwabangela utshintsho lwesikhumba kwaye lusasazeka xa lunganyangwa. Ukuba i-membrane ye-mucous kunye ne-conjunctiva ichaphazelekayo, yonke into ingaba nemiphumo ebulalayo. Kweyona meko imbi kakhulu, ukudumba kwamehlo ngokukodwa kunokukhokelela kubumfama okanye iliso kusenokufuneka lisuswe ngotyando.
Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba unike ingqwalaselo ekufuyweni kohlobo olufanelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kwempilo nzulu. Emva koko phantse nayiphi na ingxaki yesikhumba kwi-rat ingasombululwa ngoncedo lwe-ointment okanye i-antibiotic.
Iimpuku kunye namathumba
Imeko yahlukile ngamathumba, apho iimpuku zingakhuselekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha la ngamathumba nje avela phantsi kwesikhumba kwaye abonwa njengokudumba. Oku kunokubangelwa kukwenzakala okubangelwa kukulwa ngokwezikhundla okanye usulelo lwebhaktiriya. Ngelishwa, amathumba axhaphake kakhulu.
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wezilwanyana unokunceda kuphela ngotyando. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-metastases sele isasazeka, nayiphi na imilinganiselo iza emva kwexesha.
Ukunyanga ukwenzakala kwiimpuku
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunzima ukufumanisa isifo okanye ukulimala kwiigundane. Ngenxa yethuku lazo lokuba izilwanyana ezibuthathaka ziwela kwabanye, iimpuku zizama ukucinezela ukubandezeleka kwazo kangangoko kwaye zingabonisi nto.
Ukonzakala kwangaphakathi ke ngoko akunakubonwa, kodwa ngethamsanqa kunqabile kakhulu kwiimpuku zangaphakathi. Okona kuninzi ngenxa yokuba izinto ezitsolo okanye ezibukhali ziginywe ngexesha lokukhutshwa kungajongwanga.
Ukulimala ngenxa yengxabano malunga nomyalelo wezikhundla zixhaphake kakhulu: xa amalungu amatsha epakethi eyongezwa, ngenxa yokuba enye ilahlekile, igugile okanye ukuba i-hormone ibandakanyeka. Ngeenzipho namazinyo azo, iimpuku zinokuhlaselana ngokwenene. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kukwenzakala okungaphaya ekufuneka kucocwe kuphela kwaye kubulawe iintsholongwane. Iibhanti ziyimfuneko kuphela kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo ukukhusela isilonda ekunyamekelweni ngokugqithiseleyo okanye uhlaselo olutsha.
Kuba nzima ngakumbi ngokwenzakala kwamehlo - ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka bahlolwe ngugqirha wezilwanyana. Ukuqhekeka, ukwenzakala kozipho kunye nokwenzakala kokuwa kunqabile. Njengomlinganiselo wokuthintela, abahlobo abancinci abanemilenze emine kufuneka baphathwe ngokucophelela, ukubambisa kunye nokuwa kufuneka kugwenywe xa bephuma ngaphandle, kwaye i-cage yegundane kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo yenziwe ngaphandle komngcipheko wokulimala. Nangona kunjalo, umntu unokuthembela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba iimpuku zikwazi ukukhwela iinqwelo kunye namaqhinga, ekubeni azikho buthathaka.
Impuku kugqirha wezilwanyana
Ingaba kukwenzakala okanye kukugula, ukuthatha impuku kugqirha wezilwanyana kuhlala kuphakamisa umbuzo ongathandekiyo. Ngaba kufanelekile?
Abathandi beRat baya kuphendula ngokukhawuleza: "Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo!". Ngokwembono esulungekileyo, nangona kunjalo, iindleko zonyango lwezilwanyana ngamanye amaxesha ziyathotywa bubomi obulindelekileyo (ngokufanelekileyo) beminyaka emi-3. Ukuba iimpuku zezabantwana ubukhulu becala kwaye abazali bavumelekile ukuba bahlawule, iindleko kunye nenzuzo ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kulinganiselwa ngokwahlukileyo kunokuba bekuya kuba njalo kumfuyi okanye umthandi wesilwanyana obeke intliziyo nomphefumlo wabo kukhathalelo lweempuku zabo.
Kwelinye icala, ngokuqinisekileyo, izenzo zezilwanyana ezincinci zikwazama ukucebisa nokwenza izinto ezinengqiqo kangangoko. Intlalontle yezilwanyana inokubaluleka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iinzame azikho kwinqanaba lenzuzo. Ukongezelela, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu we-anesthesia kwizidalwa ezincinci ezinjalo, ukungabikho kwamava kunyango lwezifo zegundane kwiindawo ezininzi kunye namathuba aphantsi okuphumelela, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima.
Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, abagcini beempuku basebenza ngempumelelo ukuba baqinisekisa ukuba iimpuku zabo zigcinwa ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye bajonga impilo yeempuku rhoqo ukuze babonelele ngoncedo lwangexesha. Ngokuzinikela okufanelekileyo, ngethemba lokuba akukho nto iya kuma endleleni yolonwabo lwempuku esempilweni.