Uromastyx Lizard

Ngomsila wawo oshinyeneyo noxineneyo, amacikilishe angenabungozi abonakala njengamacikilishe ayingozi.

iimpawu

Ibukeka njani i-Uromastyx?

I-Uromastyx zizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo. Ayipheleli nje ngokufana ne-iguana yaseMzantsi Melika, ikwahlala kwiindawo zokuhlala ezifanayo e-Afrika, e-Asiya, nase-Australia. Amacilikishe e-Uromastyx akhumbuza izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo zokuqala:

Umzimba osicaba ubonakala ubhidekile, unentloko enkulu, umsila omde, kunye nemilenze emide. Umzimba ugqunywe ngamaxolo amancinci. Ukusuka entloko ukuya kwincam yomsila, zinokukhula zibe ziisentimitha ezingama-40 ubude. Izilwanyana ezigcinwe ekuthinjweni zinokufikelela kwi-60 ukuya kwi-70 yeesentimitha ubude.

Izilwanyana zinokugcina amanzi emisileni yazo, nto leyo eyenza malunga nesithathu sobude bomzimba wazo. Ukwaxhonywe macala onke ngezikhonkwane kwaye usebenza njengesixhobo.

Umbala wenamba enameva inokwahluka kakhulu: kuMntla Afrika inamba yomsila, umzekelo, imnyama kunye namabala atyheli, i-orenji-bomvu, kunye namabala abomvu, okanye i-brown ukuya eluhlaza komnquma kwinamba yomsila waseYiputa. Igongqongqo elinomsila we-Indian yikhaki ukuya kwisanti etyheli ngombala kwaye inamaxolo amancinci amnyama. Noko ke, amacilikishe anomsila onameva anokutshintsha umbala wolusu lwawo, ngokomzekelo, abe mnyama kwakusasa ukuze afumane ubushushu obungakumbi belanga. Ukuba ubushushu bomzimba buyanda, iiseli ezinombala okhanyayo wolusu ziyakhula ukuze zikwazi ukufunxa ubushushu obuncinane.

Uromastyx uhlala phi?

Amacilikishe e-Uromastyx ahlala ikakhulu kwiindawo ezomileyo zaseMntla Afrika naseAsia ukusuka eMorocco ukuya eAfghanistan naseIndiya. Uromastyx uziva ukhululekile kuphela kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu, ezomileyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto zifumaneka ikakhulu kwi-steppe nakwiintlango, apho imitha yelanga iphezulu kakhulu.

Loluphi uhlobo lwenamba yomsila olukhoyo?

Kukho iintlobo ezili-16 ezahlukeneyo ze-Uromastyx. Ngaphandle kwecikilishe elinomsila waseMntla Afrika (Uromastix acanthine), icilikishe elinomsila wameva wase-Egypt (Uromastix aegyptia), icilikishe elinomsila we-Yemen (i-Uromastix egobile), okanye icilikishe elihonjisiweyo elinameva (Uromastix ocellata).

Uromastyx uneminyaka emingaphi?

I-Uromastyx iba mdala kakhulu: Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, banokuphila iminyaka elishumi ukuya kwe-20, ngamanye amaxesha kunye neminyaka engama-33.

Ziphathe

Uromastyx uhlala njani?

Imisila yameva zizilwanyana ezihlala imihla ngemihla kwaye zihlala emhlabeni. Bathanda ukugrumba imiqolomba kunye neepaseji, apho abafane baphambuke. Bakwadla ngokujonga ukutya kwabo kufutshane nemingxuma yabo; bakuba bephambuke kakhulu kumhadi wabo wokukhusela, baye baphakuzele kwaye bangazinzi.

Kamsinya nje kwakusongelwa ingozi, ngokukhawuleza bathi shwaka emqolombeni wabo. Zinobugcisa obukhethekileyo bokuzikhusela: Zifutha imizimba yazo ngomoya omninzi kangangokuba ziye zizibhijele emqolombeni wazo zize ziyivale ngemisila isango lokungena. Zikwasebenzisa imisila yazo ukuzikhusela kwiintshaba ngokuzibetha ngogonyamelo.

I-Uromastyx, njengazo zonke izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, kufuneka ichithe ulusu rhoqo kwaye inegazi elibandayo, okuthetha ukuba ubushushu bomzimba wabo buxhomekeke kubushushu bendawo ezingqongileyo. Izilwanyana ziyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu amalunga ne-55 °C.

Umzimba wakho ukwayilelwe ukuba uphile ngamanzi amancinane kakhulu. I-Uromastyx inxibelelana enye nenye ngezimbo zomzimba kunye nemiqondiso yokubonwayo. Bagrogrisa abachasi ngokubethela imilomo bevule umlomo. Iindidi ze-Uromastyx, ezisuka kwimimandla esemantla kuluhlu lwazo, zidinga iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zokufukama malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-15 °C.

Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ufuna ukuzala izilwanyana kuba ukufukama kuzigcina zisempilweni. Ngaphambi kokuba bangene kwi-hibernation, abafumani nto yokutya kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, ixesha lokukhanyisa kwi-terrarium liya liba lifutshane kwaye ubushushu kufuneka bube sezantsi kancinci kunesiqhelo. Ukuze bakwazi ukukhupha ityuwa emzimbeni, banamadlala akhethekileyo emathatheni abo abanokuthi ngawo bakhuphe ityuwa egqithisileyo abayifunxe ngokutya kwezityalo. Yiloo nto iinduli ezincinci ezimhlophe zihlala zibonwa emathatheni azo.

Abahlobo kunye neentshaba ze-Uromastyx

I-Uromastyx encinci inokuba yingozi kakhulu kumarhamncwa kunye neentaka ezidla inyama.

Zizala njani iicilikishe ze-Uromastyx?

Ixesha lokukhwelana kwe-uromastyx lidla ngoMatshi nangoAprili. Iinkunzi zibhenela imazi ngokwenza iintshukumo ezifana nokutyhala. Oku kulandelwa ngulo mdaniso ubizwa ngokuba yi-spinning top dance: inkunzi ibaleka ijikeleza ngezangqa ezixineneyo, maxa wambi nasemqolo wemazi.

Ukuba imazi ayikakulungeli ukukhwela ikhwelo, izilahlela emqolo ize inkunzi irhoxe. Ukuba imazi ifuna ukukhwelana, inkunzi iluma entanyeni yemazi kwaye ityhale i-cloaca yayo – indawo evula umzimba – ngaphantsi kwemazi.

Emva kokukhwelana, imazi iyatyeba ize ekugqibeleni izalele ukuya kutsho kumaqanda angama-20 emhlabeni. Emva kokuqanduselwa kweentsuku ezingama-80 ukuya kwezili-100, amantshontsho, anobude obuziisentimitha ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi, ayaqandusela. Bakhule ngokwesondo kuphela kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu ubudala.

Care

Itya ntoni i-Uromastyx?

I-Uromastyx zii-omnivores. Zitya kakhulu izityalo, kodwa zikwathanda nokutya iiqakamba neentethe. Kwi-terrarium, bafumana i-clover, i-carrots egayiweyo, i-dandelion, ikhaphetshu, i-plantain, isipinatshi, i-lettuce yegusha, i-lettuce ye-iceberg, i-chicory kunye neziqhamo. Izilwanyana ezincinci zidinga ukutya okuninzi kwezilwanyana kunezo ezindala, ezifumana kuphela iintethe okanye iiqakamba kanye ngeveki.

Ukulima kwe-Uromastyx

Ngenxa yokuba i-uromastyx ikhula kakhulu, i-terrarium kufuneka ibe yi-120 x 100 x 80 yeesentimitha ubuncinane. Ukuba unendawo yesikhongozeli esikhulu, oko kulungile kwizilwanyana. Isanti erhabaxa isasazeke kangangeesentimitha ezingama-25 emgangathweni ize ihonjiswe ngamatye, iityhubhu zezikhonkwane namasebe: Kubalulekile ukuba izilwanyana zirhoxe kwaye zizifihle ngamaxesha athile.

I-terrarium kufuneka ikhanyise isibane esikhethekileyo, esisitshisayo kwakhona. Ekubeni i-uromastyx ivela entlango, ikwadinga imozulu yenkqantosi yokwenyani kwi-terrarium: iqondo lobushushu kufuneka libe ngama-32 ukuya kuma-35 °C emini kunye nama-21 ukuya kuma-24 °C ebusuku. Umoya kufuneka wome kangangoko. Kuphela ngexesha lokunyibilika kufuneka utshize amanzi rhoqo ngeentsuku ezimbalwa. Izilwanyana ezincinci ezimbini kuphela okanye isibini kufuneka zigcinwe kwi-terrarium - ukuba ubeka izilwanyana ezininzi apho, iingxabano zihlala zivela.