UMary Allen
Intshayelelo: Ukuqonda ukwahlulahlula kwezilwanyana
Ukuhlelwa kwezilwanyana yinkqubo yokwahlula ngokweendidi izilwanyana ngokweempawu zazo zenyama nemfuzo. Iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yebhayoloji enceda izazinzulu nabaphandi baziqonde ngcono iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Inkqubo yokuhlela isenza sikwazi ukuchonga nokuthelekisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo esinceda siqonde ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo.
Imbali yokuhlelwa kwezilwanyana
Umbono wokuhlelwa kwezilwanyana ubuyela kwiGrisi yamandulo, apho uAristotle waqala wacebisa ingcamango yokuhlenga-hlengisa izinto eziphilayo ngokwamaqela. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezinye izazinzulu kunye neengcali zendalo zavelisa iinkqubo zazo zokuhlela, ezikhokelela kwinkqubo yetaxonomic yanamhlanje esiyisebenzisayo namhlanje. Omnye wamanani anempembelelo kwimbali yokuhlelwa kwezilwanyana nguCarl Linnaeus, owazisa inkqubo ye-binomial nomenclature yokubiza kunye nokwahlula izilwanyana.
Kutheni Kubalulekile Ukwahlula Izilwanyana
Ukuhlela izilwanyana kubalulekile kuba kusenza sikwazi ukulungelelanisa size siqonde iindidi ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ngokubeka izilwanyana ngokwamaqela ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ekwabelwana ngazo, sinokuyiqonda ngcono imbali yazo yendaleko, ukuziphatha, kunye neemfuno zendawo yokuhlala. Olu lwazi lunokusetyenziswa ukwazisa iinzame zolondolozo nokulawula i-ikhosistim ngendlela esebenzayo.
Iingenelo zokuqonda ukwahlulahlula kwezilwanyana
Ukuqonda ukuhlelwa kwezilwanyana kuneenzuzo ezininzi, kuquka ukubonelela ngengqiqo kubudlelwane phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ukuchonga iintlobo ezintsha, kunye nokuqikelela ukuziphatha kunye neempawu zezilwanyana. Ikwasinceda ukuba siphuhlise amaqhinga angcono olondolozo kwaye silawule imixokomelwano yokuphilisana kwezidalwa ngempumelelo ngakumbi.
Izikumkani eziHlanu zoBomi: Animalia
Izikumkani ezihlanu zobomi yiMonera, iProtista, iFungi, iPlantae, neAnimalia. IAnimalia bubukumkani obuquka zonke izilwanyana, ukusuka kwizinambuzane neentlanzi ukuya kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo neentaka. Liqela elahlukeneyo lezinto eziphilayo ezabelana ngeempawu ezithile, ezinjengokukwazi ukushukuma, ukuzala kwakhona ngokwesondo, kunye nokutya ezinye izinto eziphilayo ukuze zibe namandla.
Inkqubo yeTaxonomic yanamhlanje yoHlelo lweZilwanyana
Inkqubo yanamhlanje ye-taxonomic yokuhlelwa kwezilwanyana isekelwe kwimigaqo ye-evolutionary biology kunye ne-genetics. Idibanisa izilwanyana ngokweendidi ezithe ngqo, ziqala kudidi olubanzi, ubukumkani, kwaye iphele ngodidi oluthile, iintlobo. Inkqubo inoluhlu, kunye nodidi ngalunye luqulethe izinto eziphilayo ezabelana ngeempawu ezithile.
Indima yeDNA kuHlelo lweZilwanyana
I-DNA idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhleleni izilwanyana. Ngokuthelekisa imathiriyeli yemfuza yezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, izazinzulu ziyakwazi ukubona ukufana kunye nomahluko obanceda baqonde ubudlelwane bendaleko phakathi kwezidalwa. Uhlalutyo lwe-DNA lungasetyenziselwa ukuchonga iintlobo ezintsha kunye nokulandelela ukuhamba kwezilwanyana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala.
I-Binomial Nomenclature: Ukuthiywa kwezilwanyana
I-Binomial nomenclature yinkqubo yokubiza izilwanyana ephuhliswe nguCarl Linnaeus. Ibandakanya ukunika uhlobo ngalunye igama lesiLatini elinamacandelo amabini aquka uhlobo kunye neentlobo. Le nkqubo ibonelela ngendlela esemgangathweni yokuthiywa kwamagama nokwahlula izilwanyana, nto leyo enceda ukuphepha ukubhideka nokungachongwa ngendlela engeyiyo.
Impembelelo yokuhlelwa kwezilwanyana kuLondolozo
Ukuhlelwa kwezilwanyana kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiinzame zokulondoloza. Ngokuqonda ubudlelwane bendaleko phakathi kwezidalwa, sinokubona ukuba zeziphi izilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni wokutshabalala kwaye siphuhlise amacebo asebenzayo olondolozo ukuze sizikhusele. Ikwasinceda ukuba silawule i-ikhosistim ngempumelelo ngakumbi kwaye siqinisekise ukusinda kwexesha elide kweentlobo eziphambili.
Ukuqukumbela: Ukubaluleka kokunyamezela kokuhlelwa kwezilwanyana
Ukuqukumbela, ukuhlelwa kwezilwanyana yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yebhayoloji esinceda siqonde iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ivumela ukuba silungelelanise kwaye sithelekise iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana, ukuchonga ezintsha, kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokulondoloza. Njengoko ulwazi lwethu lwezofuzo kunye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo luqhubeka lukhula, ukubaluleka kokuhlelwa kwezilwanyana kuya kuqhubeka kuphela ukwanda.