Mary Allen
Dzina lake limapereka kale momwe amawonekera: chule wachikasu ali ndi mimba yowala yachikasu ndi mawanga akuda.
makhalidwe
Kodi achule achikasu amawoneka bwanji?
Achule achikasu pamimba amadabwa: Pamwamba pake ndi wotuwa-bulauni, wakuda, kapena wadongo, ndipo pakhungu pali njerewere. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kubisala m'madzi ndi matope. Kumbali ina, kumbali ya mimba ndi pansi pa miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yakumbuyo imawala ndimu kapena lalanje-chikasu ndipo imapangidwa ndi mawanga a buluu-imvi.
Mofanana ndi nyama zonse zokhala m’madzi, achule achikasu amataya khungu lake nthawi ndi nthawi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana - kaya ya bulauni, imvi, kapena yakuda - zimadalira kumene achule achikasu-mimimba amakhala. Choncho amasiyana dera ndi dera. Achule amafanana ndi achule, makamaka akamawonedwa kuchokera pamwamba koma ndi ang’ono pang’ono ndipo matupi awo ndi osalala kwambiri.
Achule achikasu amangotalika masentimita anayi kapena asanu. Iwo ndi a alonda ndi amphibians, koma osati achule kapena achule. Iwo amapanga banja lawolawo, banja lachilankhulidwe cha disc. Izi zimatchedwa chifukwa nyamazi zili ndi malilime ooneka ngati ma disc. Mosiyana ndi lilime la achule, lilime la achule silimatuluka m’kamwa mwake kuti ligwire nyama.
Kuphatikiza apo, mosiyana ndi achule ndi achule, achule achikasu achikasu alibe thumba la mawu. M’nyengo yokwerera, aamuna amapeza zotupa zakuda pamphumi; otchedwa rutting calluses amapanga pa zala ndi zala. Ophunzira achita chidwi: ndi opangidwa ndi mtima.
Kodi achule a yellow Bellied amakhala kuti?
Achule achikasu amakhala m'chigawo chapakati ndi kumwera kwa Europe pamtunda wa 200 mpaka 1800 metres. Kum'mwera amapezeka ku Italy ndi France mpaka ku Pyrenees kumalire a Spain, sapezeka ku Spain. Mapiri a Weserbergland ndi Harz ku Germany ndi malire akumpoto akugawa. Kumpoto ndi kum’maŵa, achule omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi moto amapezeka m’malo mwake.
Achule amafunika maiwe osaya, adzuwa kuti akhalemo. Amakonda kwambiri madziwo akakhala pafupi ndi nkhalango. Koma angapezenso nyumba m’maenje a miyala. Ndipo ngakhale njanji ya matayala yodzadza ndi madzi ndi yokwanira kuti apulumuke. Sakonda maiwe okhala ndi zomera zambiri zam'madzi. Dziwe likakula, achule amasamukanso. Chifukwa chakuti achule achikasu amachoka m'madzi kupita kumadzi, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'gulu la nyama zoyamba kukhala m'dziwe laling'ono latsopano. Chifukwa chakuti madzi ang'onoang'ono ngati amenewa akusoŵa kwambiri kuno, palinso achule achikasu achikasu ndi ochepa.
Ndi mitundu iti ya achule achikasu-mimba alipo?
Achule wamoto (Bombina bombina) ndiwogwirizana kwambiri. Msana wawo ulinso wakuda, koma mimba yawo ili ndi madontho ofiira ofiira ofiira ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono oyera. Komabe, amakhala kum’mawa ndi kumpoto kuposa achule achikasu ndipo sapezeka m’madera omwewo. Mosiyana ndi chule wachikasu, ali ndi thumba la mawu. Mitundu ya mitundu yonseyi imangodutsa kuchokera pakati pa Germany kupita ku Romania. Achule achikaso ndi a mimba yamoto amatha kutengerana apa ndi kuberekera ana pamodzi.
Kodi achule a yellow Bellied amakhala ndi zaka zingati?
Achule achikasu amakhala kuthengo zaka zosaposa zisanu ndi zitatu. Mosiyana ndi achule, omwe amangopita m’madzi kuti abereke, achule amakhala pafupifupi m’mayiwe ndi m’nyanja ang’onoang’ono okha kuyambira April mpaka September. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, maso, ndi mphuno pamadzi, m'dziwe lawo loyaka ndi dzuwa. Izi zikuwoneka zomasuka komanso zosavuta.
Achule amtundu wachikasu nthawi zambiri sakhala m'madzi amodzi, koma amasamukira uku ndi uku pakati pa maiwe osiyanasiyana. Zinyama zazing'ono, makamaka, ndi oyendayenda enieni: amayenda mpaka mamita 3000 kuti apeze malo abwino okhala. Komano, nyama zazikulu sizimayenda mtunda woposa 60 kapena 100 mita kupita ku dzenje lapafupi la madzi. Zimene ngozi ndi mmene achule yellow-bellied: ndi otchedwa mantha udindo.
Achule amakhala osayenda pamimba pake ndipo amapinda miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yakumbuyo m’mwamba kotero kuti mitundu yowala bwino iwonekere. Nthawi zina amagonanso chagada ndikuwonetsa mimba yake yachikasu ndi yakuda. Kupaka utoto kumeneku kumayenera kuchenjeza adani ndi kuwatsekereza chifukwa achulewo amatulutsa katulutsidwe kapoizoni komwe kamakwiyitsa minyewa ya mucous ikagwa ngozi.
M'nyengo yozizira, achule achikasu achikasu amabisala pansi pansi pa miyala kapena mizu. Kumeneko amapulumuka nyengo yozizira kuyambira kumapeto kwa September mpaka kumapeto kwa April.
Abwenzi ndi adani a chule wachikasu
Nsomba, njoka za udzu, ndi mphutsi za tombolombo zimakonda kuukira ana a achule achikasu ndi kudya tadpoles. Nsomba zimakondanso ana achule. Choncho, achule amatha kukhala m’madzi opanda nsomba. Njoka za udzu ndi mphesa ndizowopsa makamaka kwa akuluakulu
Kodi achule achikasu amaberekana bwanji?
Nyengo ya kukwerera kwa achule a yellow Bellied ndi kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo komanso koyambirira kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Julayi. Panthawi imeneyi, akazi amaikira mazira kangapo. Achule amtundu wachikasu amakhala m'mayiwe awo ndikuyesera kukopa zazikazi zomwe zakonzeka kukwatirana ndi mayitanidwe awo. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, amaletsa amuna enanso kulosera zachiwonongeko ndi kunena kuti: “Imani, ili ndilo gawo langa.
Akamakwerana, aamuna amagwira zazikazi mwamphamvu. Kenako zazikazi zimaikira mazira m’tipaketi ting’onoting’ono tozungulira. Mapaketi a dzira - lirilonse lokhala ndi mazira pafupifupi 100 - amamatira ku tsinde la zomera za m'madzi ndi yaikazi kapena amamira pansi pa madzi.
Anandawe amaswa pakadutsa masiku asanu ndi atatu. Zimakhala zazikulu modabwitsa, zokhala ndi inchi imodzi ndi theka pamene zimaswa ndikukula mpaka mainchesi awiri utali pamene zikukula. Amakhala ndi imvi-bulauni ndipo ali ndi mawanga akuda. M’mikhalidwe yabwino, amatha kukhala achule ang’onoang’ono mkati mwa mwezi umodzi. Kukula mofulumira kumeneku n’kofunika chifukwa achule amakhala m’madzi ang’onoang’ono omwe amatha kuuma m’chilimwe. Pokhapokha ngati ana achulewo atakula n’kukhala achule ang’onoang’ono m’pamene angasamuke kumtunda kukafunafuna madzi atsopano monga nyumba.