Kodi mawu akuti “masiku a galu m’chilimwe” amachokera pati pakati pa July ndi August?

Mawu Oyamba: Masiku Agalu a Chilimwe

Mawu akuti "masiku a galu m'chilimwe" amatanthauza nyengo yotentha kwambiri komanso yopondereza kwambiri m'chilimwe, nthawi zambiri pakati pa July ndi August. Ndi nthawi yomwe nyengo imakhala yotentha komanso yosasunthika, ndipo kutentha sikungatheke. Koma kodi mawu amenewa anachokera kuti? M'nkhaniyi, tiwona chiyambi cha mawuwa ndi cholowa chake chokhalitsa.

Ancient Astronomy ndi Dog Star

Mawu akuti "masiku agalu" amachokera ku zakuthambo zakale ndi Galu Star, Sirius. Sirius ndi nyenyezi yowala kwambiri mu gulu la nyenyezi la Canis Major, ndipo inali chinthu chofunika kwambiri chakumwamba kwa zikhalidwe zambiri zakale. Agiriki ndi Aroma akale ankakhulupirira kuti Sirius ndi amene ankachititsa kuti nyengo yachilimwe ikhale yotentha komanso yowuma, komanso kuti maonekedwe ake kumwamba ndi chizindikiro cha kuyamba kwa nyengo yotentha kwambiri m’chaka.

Galu Wanthano, Sirius

Dzina lakuti "Sirius" limachokera ku liwu lachigriki lotanthauza "kuwala" kapena "kutentha," ndipo nyenyezi nthawi zambiri inkagwirizanitsidwa ndi agalu a nthano m'zikhalidwe zakale. M’nthano zachigiriki, Sirius ankanenedwa kuti ndi galu wosaka wa Orion the Hunter, ndipo ankadziwika kuti "Galu Star." M’nthano za ku Aigupto, Sirius ankagwirizana ndi mulungu wamkazi Isis ndipo ankadziwika kuti “Nyenyezi ya Nailo,” popeza kuonekera kwake kumwamba kunkasonyeza kusefukira kwa madzi kwa mtsinje wa Nailo pachaka.

Kutuluka kwa Roma Wakale

Pamene Ufumu wa Roma unayamba kulamulira, zikhulupiriro zozungulira Sirius ndi Dog Star zinafala kwambiri. Aroma ankakhulupirira kuti masiku otentha kwambiri m’chilimwe amayamba chifukwa cha mmene Sirius ankayendera ndi dzuwa, ndipo ankatchula nthawi imeneyi kuti “caniculares dies” kapena “masiku agalu.” Mawuwa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza nthawi yoyambira kumapeto kwa July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September, pamene nyengo inali yotentha kwambiri komanso yopondereza kwambiri.

Caniculares Amafa ndi Kalendala Yachiroma

Aroma anaphatikiza masiku agalu mu kalendala yawo, yomwe idagawidwa m'miyezi khumi ndi iwiri kutengera magawo a mwezi. Masiku agalu anaphatikizidwa mu mwezi wa Ogasiti, womwe unatchedwa mfumu Augustus. Poyamba mweziwo unali ndi masiku 30 okha, koma Augusto anawonjezera tsiku limodzi kuti ukhale wotalika mofanana ndi July, womwe unatchedwa ndi Julius Caesar.

Kukhulupirira Mphamvu ya Nyenyezi

Aroma akale ankakhulupirira kuti Sirius anali ndi zotsatira zamphamvu komanso nthawi zina zoopsa padziko lapansi. Iwo ankaganiza kuti pamene nyenyeziyo imayendera dzuŵa kungachititse zivomezi, malungo, ngakhale misala mwa anthu ndi nyama. Kuti adziteteze ku zotsatirapo zimenezi, ankapereka nsembe kwa milungu ndiponso ankapewa kuchita zinthu zina m’masiku agalu, monga kukwatira kapena kuyambitsa mabizinesi atsopano.

Mawu akuti "Masiku a Agalu" Amalowa mu Chingerezi

Mawu akuti "masiku agalu" adalowa m'Chingelezi m'zaka za zana la 16, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza masiku otentha, otentha a m'chilimwe. M'zaka za m'ma 19, mawu akuti "masiku a galu a chilimwe" adatchuka kwambiri m'mabuku ndi chikhalidwe, ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo akhala mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza nyengo ino ya chaka.

Kutchuka mu Literature ndi Culture

Mawu akuti "masiku a galu a chilimwe" amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabuku osiyanasiyana komanso chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino. Zikuwonekera mu "Julius Caesar" wa Shakespeare, pomwe Mark Antony akuti, "Awa ndi masiku agalu, pamene mpweya uli bata." Zikuwonekeranso m'buku lakuti "Kupha a Mockingbird" lolemba Harper Lee, kumene Scout akufotokoza kutentha kwa chilimwe monga "masiku agalu."

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndi Kumvetsetsa Kwamakono

Masiku ano, mawu akuti "masiku a galu a chilimwe" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza nyengo yotentha kwambiri komanso yopondereza kwambiri m'chilimwe, mosasamala kanthu kuti Sirius akuwoneka kapena ayi. Ngakhale kuti chikhulupiliro cha mphamvu ya nyenyezi chazimiririka kwambiri, mawuwa akhala akupitirizabe, ndipo amagwiritsidwabe ntchito pofotokoza nthawi imeneyi ya chaka.

Kufotokozera Zanyengo Zasayansi

Ngakhale zikhulupiriro zakale zozungulira Sirius ndi masiku a galu zingawoneke ngati zachilendo kwa asayansi amakono, pali maziko asayansi a mawuwa. Masiku agalu nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi nyengo yotentha kwambiri pachaka, yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kupendekeka kwa axis ya Dziko Lapansi ndi mbali ya kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Kutsiliza: Cholowa Chokhazikika cha Masiku Agalu

Mawu akuti "masiku a galu a chilimwe" mwina adachokera ku zikhulupiriro zamakedzana za mphamvu ya Dog Star, koma kuyambira nthawi imeneyo wakhala mwala wokhudza chikhalidwe chomwe chilipo mpaka lero. Kaya timakhulupirira mphamvu ya nyenyezi kapena ayi, tonse titha kuvomereza kuti masiku a galu a m'chilimwe ndi nthawi yomwe nyengo imakhala yotentha kwambiri komanso yosasangalatsa.

Maumboni ndi Kuwerenga Mowonjezereka

• "Masiku a Agalu a Chilimwe: Ndi Chiyani Iwo? N'chifukwa Chiyani Amatchedwa Zimenezo?" ndi Sarah Pruitt, History.com
• "Masiku Agalu," wolemba Deborah Byrd, EarthSky
• "N'chifukwa Chiyani Amatchedwa 'Masiku a Agalu' a Chilimwe?" ndi Matt Soniak, Mental Floss