Jellyfish

Zowoneka bwino, zimayendayenda m'nyanja ndipo zimakhala ndi madzi okha: nsomba za jellyfish zili m'gulu la nyama zachilendo padziko lapansi.

makhalidwe

Kodi jellyfish imawoneka bwanji?

Jellyfish ndi ya cnidarian phylum ndi kugawikana kwa coelenterates. Thupi lanu lili ndi zigawo ziwiri zokha za maselo: lina lakunja lomwe limaphimba thupi ndi lamkati lomwe limazungulira thupi. Pali gelatinous misa pakati pa zigawo ziwiri. Izi zimathandiza thupi ndipo zimakhala zosungiramo mpweya. Thupi la jellyfish ndi 98 mpaka 99 peresenti ya madzi.

Mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri imayesa millimeter m'mimba mwake, yayikulu kwambiri mamita angapo. Jellyfish nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati ambulera kuchokera kumbali. Ndodo ya m'mimba imatuluka pansi pa ambulera, pansi pake ndi kutsegula pakamwa. Ma tentacles ndi ofanana: Kutengera mitundu, amatalika masentimita angapo mpaka 20 kutalika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi jellyfish kuti adziteteze ndikugwira nyama zawo.

Matentili amakhala ndi ma cell oluma mpaka 700,000, omwe nyama zimatha kutulutsa poizoni wolumala. Jellyfish ilibe ubongo, ndi maselo akumva okha omwe ali mu cell layer yakunja. Ndi chithandizo chawo, jellyfish imatha kuzindikira zokopa ndikuwongolera zochita ndi zochita zawo. Mitundu ina yokha ya jellyfish, monga bokosi la jellyfish, ili ndi maso.

Jellyfish ali ndi luso labwino kwambiri lokonzanso: ngati ataya chihema, mwachitsanzo, chimakula kwathunthu.

Kodi nsomba za jellyfish zimakhala kuti?

Jellyfish imapezeka m'nyanja zonse zapadziko lapansi. Pamene nyanja ikuzizira kwambiri, pali mitundu yochepa ya nsomba za jellyfish. Mbalame zotchedwa jellyfish zakupha kwambiri zimakhala makamaka m’nyanja zotentha. Jellyfish imakhala m'madzi mokha komanso pafupifupi m'nyanja. Komabe, mitundu ina ya ku Asia imakhala m’madzi opanda mchere. Mitundu yambiri ya jellyfish imakhala m'madzi okwera kwambiri, pamene deep-sea jellyfish imapezeka mozama mpaka mamita 6,000.

Kodi pali nsomba zamtundu wanji?

Pafupifupi mitundu 2,500 yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jellyfish imadziwika mpaka pano. Achibale apamtima a jellyfish ndi, mwachitsanzo, anemones am'nyanja.

Kodi jellyfish imakhala ndi zaka zingati?

Jellyfish ikabereka ana, moyo wawo umatha. Mahema amabwerera ndipo chomwe chatsala ndi jelly disc, yomwe imadyedwa ndi zolengedwa zina za m'nyanja.

Makhalidwe

Kodi nsomba za jellyfish zimakhala bwanji?

Jellyfish ndi zolengedwa zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi: zakhala m'nyanja zaka 500 mpaka 650 miliyoni ndipo sizinasinthe kuyambira pamenepo. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi thupi losavuta, iwo ndi opulumuka enieni. Jellyfish imayenda mwakuchita ndi kumasula ambulera yawo. Izi zimawalola kuti asunthire m'mwamba pakona, mofanana ndi nyamayi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera. Kenako amabwerera pansi pang'ono.

Jellyfish imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mafunde a m'nyanja ndipo nthawi zambiri amalola kunyamulidwa nawo. Nsomba zothamanga kwambiri ndi jellyfish - zimabwerera mmbuyo mpaka makilomita 10 pa ola limodzi. Jellyfish amasaka ndi ma tentacles awo. Nyama ikagwidwa m'matenti, maselo olumawo "amaphulika" ndikuponya singano ting'onoting'ono m'thupi mwake. Poyizoni wolumala wa lunguzi amalowa m'nyamayo kudzera m'tinkhuni ting'onoting'ono takuphazi.

Njira yonseyi imachitika pa liwiro la mphezi, zimangotenga gawo limodzi la magawo zana limodzi la sekondi imodzi. Anthufe tikakumana ndi nsomba ya jellyfish, poizoni wa nettle uyu amayaka ngati lunguzi, ndipo khungu limasanduka lofiira. Ndi nsomba zambiri za jellyfish, monga stinging jellyfish, izi ndi zowawa kwa ife, koma sizowopsa kwenikweni.

Komabe, nsomba zina za jellyfish ndizowopsa: mwachitsanzo Pacific kapena Japan compass jellyfish. Chakupha kwambiri ndi mavu aku Australia, poizoni wake amatha kupha anthu. Ili ndi ma tentacles 60 omwe amatalika mamita awiri kapena atatu. Poizoni wa gulu lotchedwa Portugal galley ndi wopweteka kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina amapha.

Mukakumana ndi jellyfish, musamayeretse khungu lanu ndi madzi atsopano, apo ayi, makapisozi a nettle adzaphulika. Ndi bwino kuchitira khungu ndi vinyo wosasa kapena kuyeretsa ndi mchenga wonyowa.

Anzanu ndi adani a jellyfish

Adani achilengedwe a jellyfish amaphatikiza zolengedwa zapanyanja zosiyanasiyana monga nsomba ndi nkhanu, komanso akamba a hawksbill ndi ma dolphin.

Kodi nsomba za jellyfish zimachuluka bwanji?

Jellyfish imaberekana m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Amatha kuberekana mwachisawawa pochotsa ziwalo za thupi lawo. Jellyfish yonse imakula kuchokera m'zigawo. Koma amathanso kuberekana mwa kugonana: Kenako amatulutsa maselo a dzira ndi ubwamuna m’madzi, mmene amasanganikirana. Izi zimabweretsa mphutsi ya planula. Imadzimangirira pansi ndipo imakula kukhala chotchedwa polyp. Imawoneka ngati mtengo ndipo imakhala ndi phesi ndi mahema.

Nsomba za polyp zimaberekana mosagonana potsina nsomba zazing'ono m'thupi mwake, zomwe zimakula kukhala jellyfish. Kusinthana kwa uchembere wogonana komanso kusagonana kumatchedwa kusinthana kwa mibadwo.

Chisamaliro

Kodi jellyfish imadya chiyani?

Nsomba zina za jellyfish zimadya nyama, zina monga cross jellyfish zimadya herbivores. Nthawi zambiri amadya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga algae kapena plankton ya nyama. Ena mpaka amapha nsomba. Nyamayi imapuwala chifukwa cha utsi wa lunguzi ndipo kenako n’kupita nayo pakamwa potsegula. Kuchoka pamenepo kumakalowa m’mimba. Izi zitha kuwoneka mumtundu wa gelatinous wa nsomba zina za jellyfish. Ili mu mawonekedwe a semicircles anayi ngati nsapato za akavalo.

Kusunga jellyfish

Jellyfish ndizovuta kwambiri kusunga m'madzi am'madzi chifukwa nthawi zonse amafunikira madzi oyenda. Kutentha kwa madzi ndi chakudya kuyeneranso kukhala koyenera kuti iwo akhale ndi moyo.