Mary Allen
Introduction: Eskimo culture and climate
The Eskimo people, also known as Inuit, are indigenous to the Arctic regions of Canada, Greenland, and Alaska. They have developed unique survival strategies to cope with the harsh cold climate of their homelands. The temperature in these areas can drop to -40°C, and in winter, the sun may not rise for weeks. Despite these challenges, the Eskimo culture has thrived for thousands of years, and their knowledge of how to stay warm at night is invaluable.
Traditional clothing: Parkas and mukluks
One of the most important ways Eskimos stay warm is through their traditional clothing. Parkas are made of animal skins, such as caribou or seal, and are designed to trap heat close to the body. The hoods are lined with fur, and the sleeves are long enough to cover the hands. Mukluks are boots made of sealskin or caribou skin, with a fur lining and a thick sole to insulate against the cold ground. Both parkas and mukluks are essential for Eskimos to stay warm and dry in extreme weather conditions.
Insulation materials: Caribou fur and eiderdown
Eskimos use natural materials to insulate their clothing and bedding. Caribou fur is a common insulation material used for parkas, mittens, and hats. It is soft and warm, with hollow fibers that trap air and provide excellent insulation. Eiderdown is another natural insulation material used by Eskimos. It is the soft, warm feathers of the eider duck, which live in the Arctic region. Eiderdown is highly prized for its lightness, warmth, and durability, and is used to make jackets, bedding, and sleeping bags.