Mary Allen
Matar alade ita ce mafi girma a cikin lakar dabba kuma tana ɗaukar tsawon makonni huɗu akan fatar alade.
Ilimin halittar jiki
Layin alade ( Haematopinus suis ) kwari ne mai tsawon 4-6 mm mara fuka-fuki tare da jiki uku-uku (kai, thorax, ciki) da kuma sassan sassan jiki guda shida, kowanne yana ɗauke da faratu masu tasowa sosai a ƙarshen don kama mai masaukin.. Shugaban ya fi kunkuntar sashin thoracic mai zuwa kuma yana da eriya da aka bayyana a bayyane a gefuna. A cikin kai akwai proboscis. Ciki, wanda ya kasu kashi da yawa, yana da faranti na chitin da aka yi masa yawa a gefe, wanda ake kira. na lauya faranti.
Mai watsa shiri
Layin alade yana da takamaiman mai masaukin baki kuma yana rayuwa a matsayin ectoparasite kawai akan alade. Ba shi yiwuwa ga sauran nau'in dabbobi da mutane.
Tsarin rayuwa
Dukkanin ci gaban ƙwayar alade yana faruwa akan alade. Kwai da aka rufe ( nits ) suna haɗe da gashi tare da wani abu mai ɗorewa Matakin tsutsa na farko wanda ke ƙyanƙyashe daga ƙwai yana raguwa ta mataki na 2 da na 3 don samar da manya maza da mata. Dukkanin sake zagayowar ci gaba yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni huɗu.
Ladan alade masu zubar da jini ne. Lace da mai gida ya faɗo ba zai iya rayuwa a cikin muhalli na ɗan lokaci ba (kimanin kwanaki biyu a cikin ɗaki). Ana kamuwa da lice ta hanyar lamba daga alade zuwa alade.
hujja
Ana iya gano manyan lace kai tsaye akan aladu. Don wannan dalili, yakamata a bincika sassan jikin siraran fata na musamman (misali saman kunnuwa, cinyoyinsu, da hammata). Don gano nits, ana ɗaukar samfuran gashi kuma a bincika a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa.
Hoton asibiti
Lice yana haifar da ƙaiƙayi da canza fata (samuwar sikeli da ɓawon burodi), kuma cirewar jini na iya haifar da anemia, musamman a cikin alade da yara ƙanana. Babban mataki na kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da rage yawan aiki da rage yawan karuwar jiki.
Prophylaxis / magani
Ana gudanar da maganin tare da maganin kwari masu dacewa da aladu. Tunda yawancin magungunan kashe kwari ba su da tasiri a kan nits, ya kamata a sake maimaita magani bayan makonni biyu.
Yakamata a kawar da kamuwa da larurar daya daga cikin abubuwan da ake kira “cututtukan dalilai”, watau abubuwan da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar (misali rashi bitamin da ma'adinai, rashin haske, yawan yawan gidaje, rashin abinci mai gina jiki).
Ya riga ya sani?
- Kamar kai dan adam da tsumman jiki ( Pediculus mutum ), ƙwanƙolin alade na cikin tsari na ƙwaƙƙwaran gaske (Anoplura)
- Matakan tsutsa na tsutsa na alade sun yi kama da na manya, akwai ƙananan bambance-bambance a girman, girman jiki, da bristles.
- Matar alade ita ce mafi girman tsumman dabba kuma ana iya gani da ido tsirara.
- Alade ba su da nau'in cizon su.
- Sau da yawa ana kai hari ga dabbobi masu tsanani da ƙwada.
- Ana ɗaukar ladar alade a matsayin masu ɗauke da zazzabin alade da ƙanƙara.
Tambayoyin Tambaya
Alade yana da tsabta?
Dabbobi ne masu tsafta, suna ware wurin kwana da “ban daki” kuma su guji lalata wurin ciyarwa. Tun da ba za su iya yin gumi ba, aladu suna jin zafi sosai. Suna daidaita zafin jikinsu ta hanyar wanka, jujjuyawa, ko yin tururuwa.
Alade suna da tsutsa?
Ladan alade masu zubar da jini ne. Lace da mai gida ya faɗo ba zai iya rayuwa a cikin muhalli na ɗan lokaci ba (kimanin kwanaki biyu a cikin ɗaki). Ana kamuwa da lice ta hanyar lamba daga alade zuwa alade.
Daga ina kurarin alade ke fitowa?
Za a iya canja wurin ladar alade zuwa ga mutane?
Alade suna samun tsumma daga sauran aladu. Kwayoyin alade suna da takamaiman nau'in kuma ba za su iya rayuwa akan kowane dabba ko mutane ba.
Ta yaya kuke sarrafa tsumman alade?
Daban-daban mahadi yadda ya kamata sarrafa lice a kan alade, ciki har da synergized pyrethrins; pyrethroids; organophosphates phosmet, coumaphos, da tetrachlorvinphos; da macrocyclic lactones ivermectin da doramectin.
Menene mange a cikin aladu?
Mange a cikin aladu yana haifar da Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis (kabari mite). Mites na sarcoptes suna fitowa zagaye kuma suna da gajerun ƙafafu guda huɗu, da kyar suke fitowa sama da jiki, tare da dogayen riguna marasa haɗin gwiwa da ƙafafu masu siffar kararrawa.
Me yasa aladu suke kakkabe kansu?
Mange na alade yana haifar da matsananciyar ƙaiƙayi: dabbobin sun toshe kansu kuma suna fama da pustules waɗanda ke rarraba ko'ina cikin jiki. Domin dabbobin ba su da hutawa, aikin su yana raguwa.
Menene erysipelas a cikin aladu?
Erysipelas cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da kwayar cutar Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Aladu sun shafi musamman, amma har da tumaki da kaji, dawakai, da shanu, da kifi. Tunda zoonosis ne, mutane ma suna da saukin kamuwa.