Gabatarwa: The Desert Biome

Halin hamada na ɗaya daga cikin mafi munin yanayi a Duniya. Yana rufe kusan kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na saman duniya kuma yana da yanayin yanayin zafi, ƙarancin ruwan sama, da ƙarancin ciyayi. Duk da wannan yanayi mai tsauri, hamada tana da nau'o'in flora da fauna iri-iri waɗanda suka dace da yanayin hamada mai tsauri sama da miliyoyin shekaru.

Halayen Yanayin Hamada

Yanayin hamada yana da yanayin zafinsa, ƙarancin zafi, da rashin ruwan sama. A cikin rana, yanayin zafi zai iya kaiwa zuwa 120 ° F (49 ° C), yayin da da dare, za su iya yin ƙasa da daskarewa. Rashin zafi a cikin iska yana nufin cewa ruwa yana ƙafe da sauri, yana sa tsire-tsire da dabbobi su rayu. Karancin ruwan sama a cikin hamada shi ma wani babban al’amari ne na rayuwar dabbobin hamada, domin ruwa ba ya da yawa kuma galibi yana da wahalar samu.

Kwatankwacin Dabbobin Hamada

Dabbobin hamada sun ɓullo da sauye-sauye daban-daban don taimaka musu su rayu a cikin wannan mummunan yanayi. Wasu dabbobi, kamar rakumi, sun sami damar adana ruwa a jikinsu, wasu kuma kamar beran kangaroo, suna iya rayuwa ba tare da shan ruwan kwata-kwata ba. Dabbobin hamada da dama kuma na dare ne, wanda ke taimaka musu wajen gujewa tsananin zafin rana. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin dabbobin hamada sun haɓaka launin kariya ko hali don taimaka musu su haɗu tare da kewaye da su kuma su guje wa mafarauta.

Dabbobin Da Ke Ci Gaban Daji

Duk da mawuyacin yanayi, dabbobi da yawa suna bunƙasa a cikin hamada. Wasu daga cikin sanannun dabbobin hamada sun hada da rakumi, da maciji, kunama, da kwarya. Wadannan dabbobin sun dace da matsanancin yanayin zafi da rashin ruwa, kuma sun sami hanyoyin rayuwa a cikin wannan yanayi mai tsauri.

Rashin Ruwa a Hamada

Daya daga cikin matsalolin rayuwa a cikin hamada shine rashin ruwa. Ruwa yana da wuya a cikin hamada, kuma samunsa na iya zama batun rayuwa da mutuwa ga dabbobi da yawa. Wasu dabbobi, kamar kunkuru na hamada, sun sami damar hako ruwa daga tsiron da suke ci, wasu kuma kamar beran kangaroo, suna iya rayuwa ba tare da ruwa ba kwata-kwata.

Dabbobin Da Ke Gujewa Hamada

Duk da yake dabbobi da yawa sun dace da rayuwa a cikin hamada, wasu kuma suna guje masa gaba ɗaya. Dabbobin da ke buƙatar ruwa mai yawa, kamar hippos da giwaye, ba za su iya rayuwa a cikin hamadar hamada ba. Hakazalika, dabbobin da suke bukatar ciyayi masu yawa, kamar barewa da dowa, ba sa samun isasshen abinci a cikin hamada.

Abubuwan Da Suke Hana Rayuwar Dabbobi A Hamada

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za su iya hana rayuwar dabbobi a cikin hamada. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan shine rashin ruwa, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga dukan abubuwa masu rai. Bugu da ƙari, matsanancin yanayin zafi da rashin ciyayi na iya sa dabbobi su sami isasshen abinci don tsira. Har ila yau, maharan sun kasance babbar barazana a cikin hamada, saboda ana tilastawa dabbobi da dama yin gasa don samun karancin albarkatu.

Hijira na Dabbobi a cikin Hamada

Yawancin dabbobin hamada suna ƙaura don neman abinci da ruwa a lokuta daban-daban. Alal misali, wasu nau’in tsuntsaye suna ƙaura zuwa jeji a lokacin damina lokacin da abinci ya yi karanci a wasu sassan duniya. Sauran dabbobi, kamar barewa, suna ƙaura zuwa hamada don neman ruwa da sabbin wuraren ciyarwa.

Tasirin Ayyukan Dan Adam Akan Dabbobin Hamada

Ayyukan ɗan adam, kamar hakar ma'adinai, ƙauyuka, da noma, na iya yin tasiri sosai ga dabbobin hamada. Ci gaban ɗan adam na iya lalata wuraren zama na dabbobin hamada da yawa, wanda hakan zai sa ya yi musu wahala samun abinci da ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, gurɓata yanayi da sauran mummunan tasirin muhalli na iya yin tasiri mai dorewa a kan yanayin hamada.

Dabbobin da ke cikin Hatsari a cikin Hamadar Biome

Dabbobi da dama a cikin hamadar biome suna cikin hatsari saboda ayyukan mutane da wasu dalilai. Wasu daga cikin dabbobin hamada da suka fi fuskantar barazana sun haɗa da kunkuru na hamada, da na California condor, da wolf na Mexico. Ana ci gaba da ƙoƙarin kiyaye waɗannan nau'ikan da wuraren zama.

Kammalawa: Muhimmancin Kare Hamada

Tsarin halittun hamada wani yanki ne na musamman kuma mai mahimmanci wanda ke gida ga nau'ikan flora da fauna iri-iri. Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye wannan yanayin da kuma kare dabbobin da ke zaune a wurin. Ta hanyar ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na kiyayewa, za mu iya tabbatar da cewa al'ummomi masu zuwa za su iya jin daɗin kyan gani da bambancin yanayin hamada.

Nassoshi da Karin Karatu

• DesertUSA. (nd). Dabbobin Hamada. An dawo daga https://www.desertusa.com/animals.html
• National Geographic. (2021). Desert Biome. An dawo daga https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/desert-biome/
• Asusun namun daji na duniya. (2021). Hamada. An dawo daga https://www.worldwildlife.org/habitats/deserts