UMary Allen
Isibindi siyisitho esimaphakathi somzimba. Yakha, igcine, futhi ikhiphe izakhi eziningi ezinomsoco, amavithamini, amahomoni, njll. Uma lo “mmese webutho laseSwitzerland” lomzimba ubuthakathaka, ukudla kufanele kuhambisane nesimo esishintshile se-metabolic.
Uyini Umgomo Wokudla Kwesibindi?
Endabeni yezifo zesibindi, ukudla okulungiselelwe izinkinga zesibindi kusiza ukukhulula isibindi. Umgomo wokudla ngokuvamile awukona ukwelapha imbangela yalesi sifo kodwa ukunciphisa imiphumela yesifo sesibindi.
Isibonelo, iziguli eziningi zesibindi ezingapheli zilahlekelwa isisindo futhi zibe nezimpawu zokuntula ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, njengoba izinqubo ezibalulekile kumetabolism yamandla kanye nemisebenzi yokugcina isibindi ayisasebenzi.
Ngakho-ke, izinhloso eziyinhloko zokudla kwesibindi yilezi:
- Ukuthola amandla okwanele, gcina isisindo sakho sijwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka
- Ukusekela izinqubo ezijwayelekile ze-metabolic
- Ukugwema ukunqwabelana kobuthi be-metabolic (ngenxa yokuphazamiseka emsebenzini wokukhipha ubuthi esibindini)
- Ukusekela ukulungiswa kwamaseli esibindi nokuvuselelwa kabusha
- Isinxephezelo sokungalingani kwe-electrolyte
Kufanele kwakhiwe kanjani ukudla kwesibindi?
Ukulinganiselwa ekusebenzeni kwesibindi kungase kube nezimbangela ezihluke kakhulu, kodwa izimiso ezithile zokudla okunomsoco ziyafana cishe kuzo zonke iziguli zesibindi kusukela isibindi sihlala sisabela ngendlela efanayo ezinkingeni.
Izinguquko ku-protein metabolism
Amaprotheni amaningi ajikeleza egazini akheka esibindini. Njengezingqimba ezincane zokwakha (ama-amino acid), amuncwa ekudleni emathunjini futhi afinyelele esibindini nge-portal vein, lapho asetshenziselwa khona ukwakha amaprotheni adingwa ngumzimba, isb:
- I-Albumin: Yakha ngaphezu kwengxenye yephrotheni ekhiqizwa esibindini futhi inesibopho sokubopha uketshezi emithanjeni yegazi futhi isebenze njengomthwali wezinye izinto. Ukuntuleka kwe-albumin kuholela ekunqwabeleni koketshezi ezicutshini (edema) kanye nezimbotshana zomzimba, ngokwesibonelo, ukuwohloka kwesisu (ascites)
- Izici zokujiya kwegazi: Ziqinisekisa ukuthi imithambo yegazi iyavaleka futhi ngokushesha uma kwenzeka kulimale kancane. Uma kukhona ukuntuleka kwezici ze-coagulation, le nqubo ithatha isikhathi eside, ukuze imivimbo emikhulu ikwazi ukwakha izicubu ezingaphansi, isibonelo.
- Amaprotheni amaningi okwakha amabhlogo (ama-amino acid) umzimba ongawadingi okwamanje ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa abe izingxenye zawo ezihlukene yisibindi futhi ngokwengxenye aguqulwe abe ama-carbohydrate noma amafutha ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla. Lokhu kukhipha izakhi ze-nitrogen okufanele zikhishwe noma zigcinwe yisibindi. Uma isibindi singakwazi ukwenza lokhu, i-ammonia inqwabelana egazini (hyperammonemia). Ama-amino acid athile (ama-amino acid anephunga elimnandi) nawo anqwabelana egazini lapho isibindi sibuthakathaka, njengoba kuba nzima kakhulu ukugaywa esibindini. Kokubili kuholela ekulimaleni kobuchopho, okungazibonakalisa ngendlela yokuquleka, ukuncipha kokwazi, noma izinkinga zokuziphatha futhi kwaziwa ngokuthi i-hepatic encephalopathy.
Amaprotheni ekudleni kwesibindi
Umphumela wezinguquko ku-protein metabolism wukuthi ukudla kwesibindi akufanele nakancane kube namaprotheni amaningi ukuze kwehliswe ingozi ye-hepatic encephalopathy. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, vele, akufanele ibe namaprotheni amancane kakhulu ukuze umzimba ungaphoqwa ukuba ugaye amaprotheni angenawo ama-endogenous, isb emisipha, ukuze akhe i-albumin nokunye okunjalo.
Ekudleni kwezinja ezinempilo namakati, ngokuvamile kunamaprotheni amaningi kunalokho okudingekayo ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ukudla kwesibindi kunokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni aphansi kunokudla "okujwayelekile". Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amaprotheni ekudleni kwesibindi abe nenani eliphakeme kakhulu le-biological, okungukuthi aqukethe ama-amino acids adingwa umzimba ukuze kube khona "imfucumfucu" encane ngangokunokwenzeka okumele ikhishwe. Ingxenye ephezulu yama-branched-chain amino acids ikhonjiswe ukusiza ukunciphisa ukugcwala kwe-ammonia egazini futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukonakala kwesimiso sezinzwa. Ingxenye ephezulu ye-amino acid arginine isekela isibindi ekukhishweni kwe-ammonia ngokusebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo we-urea.
Amanye amaprotheni emifino ahlangabezana kangcono nalezi zidingo, njengamaprotheni e-soy, yingakho ukudla kwesibindi kungaqukatha inyama encane kunokunye ukudla. Inani lebhayoloji kanye nokugayeka kokudla kwamaprotheni ekudleni kwesibindi kuphakeme kakhulu kunokudla okuvamile osekwenziwe.
Esimeni se-hepatic encephalopathy ngenxa yokwehluleka kwesibindi okukhulu noma ukuqina kwesibindi, ukunikezwa kwamaprotheni kungase kudingeke kuqala kukhawulelwe ngokwezinga elingaphansi kwezidingo zokunakekelwa. Udokotela wakho wezilwane okwelaphayo uzoncoma izinyathelo ezifanele zokudla kulezi zimo.