UMary Allen
Bacathama yonke indawo: amaqanda ezikelemu! Ithelelanayo kakhulu futhi ingaba yingozi. Kungakho kufanele ukhiphe izinja (namakati) njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 kamuva. Imidlwane kufanele ikhishwe izikelemu njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14.
Izincomo zodokotela bezilwane kanye namakhemisi ezilwane eziku-inthanethi ziyinto efana nale noma into efanayo. Kodwa kuyini? Ingabe izikelemu ziyingozi ngempela? Noma ingabe ngisho nama-dewormers okufanele asikhathaze, abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo?
Ukuqeda izikelemu inja - isikelemu siphakathi lapho!
Izikelemu zicathamela yonke indawo, noma kunalokho amaqanda azo. Lezi zikhishwa endle yezilwane “ezithelelekile,” phakathi kwezinye izinto, noma zingasakazwa ngomiyane. Uma inja ihogela noma idla le ndle enamagciwane, iwagwinya la maqanda ngomlomo bese iwagwinya iwafake emathunjini. Izikelemu zikhula lapho esikhathini esiyizinsuku ezingama-21-60.
Ngisho nenja ekhulelwe etheleleke ngezikelemu ingazidlulisela emidlwaneni yayo engakazalwa. Izigaba zezikelemu noma amaqanda ezikelemu angasakazwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa, ngokudla ubisi lwebele. Okunye okungase kube yingozi ukuthintana nama-hookworms. Lezi zingabhoboza esikhunjeni bese zithelela inja.
Kodwa ingabe ukuhlasela kwezikelemu nakho kusho ukulimala empilweni ngesikhathi esifanayo? Iyiphi indima indlela yokuma nokudla okudlalayo ekunqumeni ukungenwa kalula yizikelemu?
Izici ngazinye zokuhlasela kwezikelemu: iminyaka, ukusetshenziswa, isimo sengqondo, ukuphi
Kunezici ezihlukene ezinomthelela ekutheni kube nezikelemu. Kuye ngeminyaka, isimo sengqondo, nendlela inja edla ngayo, ingozi yokutheleleka ngezikelemu iyahlukahluka.
Iminyaka kanye nesimo sempilo
Ngokuvamile, imidlwane nezinja ezindala zisengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthola izikelemu kunezinja ezindala, ezinempilo ngoba amasosha azo omzimba abuthakathaka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunomsebenzi “we-vacuum cleaner” womdlwane, ngoba imidlwane idla cishe yonke into engayithola phakathi kwamazinyo obisi, kuhlanganise nendle yezinye izilwane.
Nokho, ngokuvamile, lokhu okulandelayo kuyasebenza: lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni sibuthakathaka futhi umonakalo wamathumbu emathunjini, kuba lula ukuba izikelemu zizimise unomphela enjeni. Futhi lapho kulele umnyombo wendaba: Ukwelashwa kwezikelemu kulimaza izitshalo zamathumbu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kwenza buthaka isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, esitholakala emathunjini. Ngakho, isikelemu kwandisa ingozi yokuba inja “iphinde itheleleke” ngezikelemu!
Indlela umngane onemilenze emine agcinwa ngayo noma "esetshenziswayo" ingabaluleka lapho kuhlolwa ukuthi inja ngokuvamile isengozini enkulu yini.
Indlela yokulima, ukusetshenziswa
Ezindaweni lapho izinja eziningi zihlala ndawonye, njengalapho abafuyi bezilwane noma ezindaweni zokukhosela izilwane, ingozi yokungenwa izifo iyakhula. Lapho, inja enamagciwane ekhipha indle ethathelwanayo ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ingathelela zonke ezinye izilwane ezike zahlangana nendle yayo. Ukuzigcina kuma-tiles noma kwezinye izindawo ezibushelelezi kwenza ukuhlanza kube lula, okufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ngezilwane eziningi.
Ukukhipha indle nsuku zonke kanye nokuhlanza (amakhemikhali) phansi kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuvimbela izifo. Izinja ezizingelayo zithinteka ikakhulukazi “ingozi yokutheleleka” ngoba zichitha isikhathi esiningi ehlathini futhi zingangenwa igciwane ngobulongwe bezilwane zasendle nangenyama ezizibulele.
Kodwa ungakuvimbela kanjani ukugcwala kwezikelemu?
Nutrition
Esinye isici okungafanele sishaywe indiva ukudla. Inja eyondlekile eluhlaza (kanye nekati elihlaza) inendawo ehluke ngokuphelele, enolaka, yamathumbu kunezilwane eziphakelwa ukudla osekulungele. Ngenxa yalesi simo samathumbu esinolaka futhi esinobutha izikelemu, izikelemu ngokuvamile azinalo ithuba lokuzibonakalisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla okufanele kwezinhlobo zezilwane kanye nokudla okulinganiselayo kuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, esibe sesenza okunye ukuze kunqandwe izinambuzane noma ukulwa nazo ngokuphelele.
Kwaphinde kwatholakala ekuqaphelisweni kwezimpisi ukuthi zidla amakhambi athile ngokusobala ukuvimbela noma ukulwa nezikelemu. Lokhu kukhethwa kwemvelo kwamakhambi awusizo akusakwazi ezinjeni zethu, ezihlala emadolobheni amakhulu. Kodwa le ngxube yemithi manje isiyatholakala ezitolo ezikhethekile. Izithako ezisebenzayo zemvelo eziqukethwe kuyo ziqinisekisa indawo yamathumbu anobutha nezikelemu futhi zinqande ukuhlasela kwezikelemu.
I-Wurm-o-Vet yenzelwe izidingo ezikhethekile zokudla okunomsoco ezivela maqondana nesitokwe sezikelemu. Ukuntuleka kwezithako zamakhambi njengama-saponins, izinto ezibabayo kanye nama-tannins kungaholela ekuthambekeni kwezikelemu ngokweqile ezifuyweni zethu. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziphila kuzo ezihlala endle, ngokuvamile azinalo ithuba lokumunca izinto ezishiwo ngezitshalo namakhambi. Kodwa-ke, kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi yizo kanye lezi zinto eziholela ekugwemeni isitokwe se-worm esigula kakhulu ezihlotsheni zabo zasendle.
Ukuze ube nesizathu esincane se-chemical worming (imithi), umzimba wesilwane kufanele uqiniswe. Ngaphezu kokudla okunomsoco, ungakwazi ukufeza lokhu ngokufaka ngezikhathi ezithile izithasiselo zokudla ezinxephezela ukuntuleka kwezithako zemithi ezifana nama-saponins, izinto ezibabayo, nama-tannins.
Indawo yokuhlala nokuhamba
Izilwane ezihlala ezindaweni ezihlala njalo noma (okwesikhashana) eziyiswa kulezo zifunda (isb. amaholide, izindlu zokuhlala zezilwane, imibukiso yezinja namakati, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwazo, njll.) zisengozini enkulu yokungenwa amagciwane atholakala kulezi zifunda. Ikakhulukazi emibukisweni, izinga lokucindezeleka likhuphuka kakhulu, okungaholela ekwehleni kwamasosha omzimba. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-fecal ngemva kokuhlala okunjalo kuyanconywa.
I-infestation izibonakalisa kanjani? Futhi yini okufanele uyenze uma inja ithelelekile?
Lokhu kuhlale kuncike ohlotsheni lwesikelemu kanye nobukhulu bokuhlasela. Kunoma yikuphi, izinkomba ziwubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ukulunywa ku-anus (okuvame ukubonakala ngokushelela ezinqeni, okuthiwa "sledding"), ukuncipha kwesisindo, ukuhlanza, isisu sezimpethu (isisu esikhukhumele, esivame kakhulu emidlwaneni), noma ngisho ukukhishwa kwezibungu. Izikelemu eziningi azinakwa nhlobo, njengoba isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ngokuvamile singabhekana nokuhlasela okuncane ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Kodwa-ke, uma ubona uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu, ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane kunconywa kakhulu. Lapho, indle yenja (isampula ehlanganisiwe ezinsukwini ezi-3!) iyahlolwa, lapho kungatholakala khona ukuthi izikelemu ziyimbangela yalokhu kuphatheka kabi. Kunganqunywa ukuthi izikelemu ziyimbangela yokungakhululeki futhi uma kunjalo, hlobo luni lwazo. Uma kwenzeka kuhlaselwe, uhlobo lwesikelemu lungabuye lunqunywe. Ngemva kwalokho, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kulandela. Uma izimpawu zikhombisa ukuthi kune-heartworm, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kudingeke.
Futhi ungavumeli udokotela wakho wezilwane akuphoqe ekwelashweni kwezikelemu ngaphandle kokunquma kuqala ukuthi inja inegciwane ngempela yini! Isikelemu siqukethe i-neurotoxin okufanele ikhubaze izikelemu ukuze zikhishwe indle. Kodwa lobu buthi bumunca nomzimba wenja. Izifo zamasosha omzimba, ukungezwani nokudla, i-hypersensitivity, isifo sohudo esingapheli, njll kungenzeka ngokuphathwa okuphindaphindiwe kwezikelemu! Ngakho-ke, lokhu okulandelayo kuyasebenza: Kuphela uma i-infestation ifakazelwa ukwelashwa kuyenziwa!
Futhi awuncikile kumakilabhu amakhemikhali! Buza ngezikelemu zemvelo, njenge-Canina herbal cure worm protection. Lawa makhambi asekelwe ekuziphatheni kwezimpisi, ezidla amakhambi akhethekile emvelweni ukuze alawule amathumbu azo futhi avimbele izikelemu. Zisebenza njengama-chemical agents, kodwa aziwuthwali umthwalo wenja.
Ilashwa kanjani inja futhi ziyini izibikezelo?
Uma kutholakale ukuthi kunezibungu futhi kwanqunywa uhlobo, ukwelashwa kwezikelemu kuvame ukunqunywa. Umuthi unikezwa, ngokuvamile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, obulala izikelemu emzimbeni. Lezi zibe sezikhishwa indle.
Lawa ma-ejenti aqukethe izinto ezinobuthi ezicindezela kakhulu umzimba wenja futhi zicekele phansi amathumbu enja wonke! Akuvamile ukuthi ukuphathwa kwe-anthelmintic kulandelwe ukungakhululeki, isifo sohudo noma ngisho nokuhlanza. Izithako ezinobuthi ze-anthelmintic zigaywa emzimbeni wesilwane futhi zifaka ubunzima obunzima ezinso nesibindi. Njengoba odokotela bezilwane bevame ukunquma ukuthi kukhishwe izikelemu ngekota (ngisho nangaphandle kokutheleleka okuqinisekisiwe!), Ukucindezeleka okungapheli ezithweni kuyisidingo esingcono kakhulu sezifo zezinso, ukulimala kwesibindi, njll.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhujiswa kwezitshalo zamathumbu kukhuthaza isifo sohudo esingapheli kanye nokungezwani kokudla. Futhi yeka indlela udokotela wezilwane angeke akutshele ngayo: Ukuphathwa njalo kwemithi yokubulala izinzwa kanye nokubhujiswa okubangelwa yizimila zamathumbu kuze kukhuthaze ukuhlasela kwezikelemu ezintsha, njengoba izitshalo zamathumbu ekade ziphilile ziba buthaka futhi kwakheka indawo elungele izikelemu! Uma udokotela wakho wezilwane ekunxusa ukuba wenze isikelemu “esivikelayo” njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-4, kufanele ushintshe udokotela wakho wezilwane ngokushesha! Thola udokotela wezilwane onekhono owazi futhi "ngamakhambi emvelo" futhi uzokujabulela ukukunikeza izeluleko ezichwepheshile.
Kuye ngokuthi inja indala kangakanani, isiphi isimo somzimba nokuthi ngabe izifo zesibili sezivele zenzeke, njengesifo sesibindi, ukubikezela kuyahlukahluka.
Imidlwane ivamise ukulwa nezikelemu kunenja endala ephile saka. Kodwa kukho konke, ukubikezela kuhle ukuthi inja ingakhululwa ku-parasite.
Umgomo wokubulala izikelemu
Ukuze kuvikelwe izinja emonakalweni wezempilo obangelwa ukuhlasela kwezikelemu, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhishwe izikelemu. Inhloso yokubulala izikelemu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi yelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemithi yemvelo, ukunciphisa inani lezikelemu namaqanda ezikelemu akhishwa ngabangane abanemilenze emine ngendle yabo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ingozi yokuthelela ezinye izilwane.
Inja kufanele ikhishwe nini izikelemu?
Ukukhishwa kwezikelemu kokuqala kwemidlwane akufanele kwenzeke lapho isineminyaka eyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14 ubudala, njengoba kunconyiwe, kodwa kuphela ngemva kokuba indle isihloliwe. Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi akuvamile ukuthi imidlwane ihlaselwe izikelemu. Ukuze ugweme umthwalo omkhulu kangako eminyakeni yobudala yomdlwane, kuyafana lapha nasezinjeni ezikhulile: akukho ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokutheleleka okuqinisekisiwe! Lokhu kungabonwa ngezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla.
Kukhona futhi inkolelo-mbono yokuthi ukuhlasela okuncane kwezibungu emdlwaneni empeleni kunomphumela omuhle emasosheni omzimba, njengoba "ukutheleleka" okunjalo kuyinselele futhi kukhuthaza isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Uma nje zingekho izimpawu zokugula, umzimba womdlwane ungathatha “ukucindezeleka” okunjalo futhi uziqeqeshele ukuphila okunempilo.
Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwesikelemu se-prophylactic futhi ungayivikela inja ezikelemu?
I-prophylactic worming, ngeshwa isavame ukutuswa odokotela bezilwane, iyimbudane ngokuphelele, ngoba izikelemu zisebenza kuphela ngaleso sikhathi. Ayinawo umphumela wokuvimbela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inja ingase iphinde itheleleke ngezikelemu ngakusasa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-wormer ayilona ikhambi elincane elingenabungozi, kodwa isidakamizwa esinomthamo ophezulu esingcolisa futhi sihlasele izitshalo zamathumbu enja ngazo zonke izicelo. Ngakho-ke, izilwane eziningi zikhathele kakhulu futhi ziba buthakathaka ngemva kokuzalwa kwezikelemu.
Sicela unikeze i-vermifuge kuphela uma ihlaselwe
Izinja eziye zelashwa isikhathi eside zingalimala umzila wamathumbu! Ngakho-ke, isikelemu kufanele sinikezwe kuphela uma isihlava sikhona ngempela. Noma yini enye kungaba ukuhlukunyezwa okungenamsebenzi enja!
Awukwazi ukuvikela inja ezimpethuni. Amaqanda ezikelemu akhona yonke indawo futhi angaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu emvelweni. Kuphela esimweni se-heartworm lapho kunesinyathelo esithile sokuvikela ekungayingeni inja ezindaweni ezisengozini, njenge-Canary Islands, i-Italian Po Valley, noma i-USA kanye ne-Hungary, noma ukulungiselela kusengaphambili ukulungiselela, lapho umthwali Ugcina omiyane bangalumi inja. Uma kungenjalo, umuntu angeluleka kuphela ukuthi ingavumeli inja idlale ngaphandle ingagadiwe futhi ungayivumeli idle indle. Kodwa noma lokho akusona neze indlela yokuvikela eyi-100%.
Kodwa-ke, uma wondla umngane wakho othandekayo onemilenze emine enempilo futhi elinganiselayo, futhi umnika amakhambi awusizo, unciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka kanye nezifo eziwumphumela.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Inja ikhishwa kangaki izikelemu?
Isikelemu. Kodwa kudingekile kangaki? Uma ingozi yokutheleleka ijwayelekile, okungenani kunconywa izikelemu ezi-4/ukuhlolwa ngonyaka.
Inja iziphatha kanjani lapho isikhishwe izikelemu?
Ukukhipha izikelemu inja kusebenza cishe amahora angama-24. Ngalesi sikhathi, izikelemu kanye nezigaba zokukhula kwazo ezisemathunjini esilwane ziyabulawa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngemva kwamahora angu-24 azisekho izikelemu enjeni futhi ngeke isakwazi ukukhipha amaqanda ezikelemu ezithathelwanayo.
Yiziphi izikelemu ezituswa odokotela bezilwane?
Abanye basiza kuphela ngezikelemu ezithile, njengezikelemu zetapeworm (praziquantel). Eminye imithi eyinhlanganisela ebulala izikelemu, izikelemu nama-tapeworms. Okusho ukuthi kufanele kusetshenziswe kumele kukalwe ngakunye futhi kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa.
Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokunikeza inja isibungu?
Ezinjeni ezisetshenziselwa ukuzingela noma ezidla inyamazane (isb. amagundane), kutuswa ukuba izikelemu ezine ngonyaka futhi ngaphezu kwalokho nyanga zonke ngokumelene nezikelemu. Uma inja izelwe, kufanele yelashelwe izikelemu zamatapeworm njalo emavikini ayisithupha ngaphezu kokukhishwa kwezikelemu ngekota.
Umdlwane kufanele ukhishwe nini izikelemu?
Ukuze kuncishiswe lobu bungozi, kunengqondo ukuncelisa izilwane ezincela izikelemu ezinsukwini ezingama-40 neziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Imidlwane kufanele izalwe inamaviki ama-2 ngokokuqala ngqá bese kuthi ngezikhawu cishe. Izinsuku eziyi-14 ukuya kumaviki ama-2.
Kwenzekani uma imidlwane ingakhishwa izikelemu?
Izimpawu zokuhlasela kwezikelemu ezinjeni zihlanganisa isifo sohudo esingapheli, ukushintsha ukudla kanye nezifo zesikhumba kanye namajazi. Uma inja ikhishwa izikelemu njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-3, izikelemu azinalo ithuba lokukhula ngendlela yokuthi izitho zilimale kakhulu futhi unomphela.
Kubiza malini ukukhipha umbungu umdlwane?
Ukuhlolwa kwendle okwenziwa udokotela wezilwane ngokuvamile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokukhipha inja yakho isikelemu. Izindleko zalokhu ziphakathi kwama-euro angama-20 nama-30. Ukukhipha izikelemu ngodokotela wezilwane kubiza phakathi kwama-euro angu-3 no-15 ithebhulethi ngayinye.
Kungani imidlwane idinga ukukhishwa izikelemu njalo?
Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho uthi shazi: Imidlwane ingangenwa izikelemu esibelethweni nangobisi lukanina. Njengoba isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni singakakhuli kahle, ukuhlasela kwezikelemu kuyingozi kakhulu kubo. Imidlwane kufanele ikhishwe izikelemu okokuqala emavikini amabili izelwe.
Ngabe umdlwane udinga kangaki ukugonywa?
Umjikelezo wokugoma uqukethe imigomo emine: Ukugoma kokuqala kungenzeka emidlwaneni kusukela eminyakeni yobudala yamasonto ayishumi nambili. Ukugonywa kwesibili kulandela amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu kamuva, kanye nokugoma okwesithathu ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuqalwe ukugoma okuyinhloko okulwa nesifo seLyme.
Kungani izinja zidinga ukukhishwa izikelemu?
Izinja ezibulala izikelemu zinemigomo emibili ebalulekile: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inja kufanele ikhululwe ezibungwini zayo ukuze igweme izinkinga zempilo ezihlobene naleli gciwane.
Ngabe yonke imidlwane inezikelemu?
Izikelemu zivame kakhulu emidlwaneni futhi zingazibonakalisa ngezindlela eziningi. Uma umdlwane wakho noma inja yakho inezikelemu, ngokuvamile akudingeki ukhathazeke. Udokotela wakho wezilwane uzokwazi ukukusiza ngokwelashwa futhi amise uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuqeda izikelemu.