Snake

Izinyoka ziyathakazelisa futhi ziyethusa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Nakuba zingenayo imilenze, imizimba yazo emide, ezacile iwavumela ukuba ahambe ngesivinini sombani.

Izici

Zibukeka kanjani izinyoka?

Izinyoka ziyingxenye yezilwane ezihuquzelayo futhi zikhona ngokulandelana kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Kulokhu, bakha ukuzithoba kwezinyoka. Bayiqembu lasendulo lezilwane eziphuma emadlozini afana nezibankwa. Abafana ngakho bonke ukuthi imizimba yabo mide kakhulu futhi imilenze yabo yangaphambili neyangemuva ingemuva.

Inyoka encane kunazo zonke ingamasentimitha ayishumi kuphela ubude, enkulu kunazo zonke, njengenhlwathi yaseBurma, inamamitha ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, futhi inhlwathi eNingizimu Melika ifinyelela ngisho namamitha ayisishiyagalolunye ubude. Naphezu kokwakheka komzimba ofanayo, izinyoka zibukeka zihluke kakhulu: Ezinye zifushane futhi zikhuluphele, ezinye zincane kakhulu, ingxenye yazo yomzimba ingaba yindilinga, i-triangular, noma i-oval. Inani lama-vertebrae abo nalo liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni, kusukela ku-200 kuya ku-435 ama-vertebrae.

Okujwayelekile kuzo zonke izinyoka isikhumba esinesikhumba, esinezikali ezinjengophondo. Iwavikela elangeni nasekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni. Ingubo yesikali inemibala ehlukene kuye ngezinhlobo futhi inamaphethini ahlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi amazenga awakwazi ukukhula njengoba izilwane zikhula, izinyoka kufanele zikhiphe isikhumba sazo ngezikhathi ezithile. Zihlikihla izikhala zazo etsheni noma egatsheni, ziklebhule isikhumba esidala.

Bese bekhipha isembozo sesikhumba esidala bese kuvela esisha, esikhudlwana ngaphansi. Le ngubo endala yesikali ibizwa nangokuthi ihembe lenyoka. Izinyoka azinawo amajwabu amehlo. Kunalokho, amehlo ambozwe isikali esisobala. Kodwa izinyoka aziboni kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuzwa wabo wokuhogela uthuthukiswe kahle kakhulu. Ngolimi lwazo olunemfoloko, izinyoka zibona iphunga elimnandi kakhulu.

Amazinyo asemlonyeni wenyoka awasetshenziselwa ukuhlafuna, kodwa ukubamba isisulu. Izinyoka ezinobuthi nazo zinamazinyo akhethekile axhumene nezindlala ezinobuthi. Uma inyoka iphuma izinyo, ithathelwa indawo entsha.

Zihlala kuphi izinyoka?

Izinyoka zitholakala cishe yonke indawo emhlabeni ngaphandle kwasezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu njenge-Arctic, Antarctica, kanye nezindawo ezifana nezingxenye zaseSiberia noma e-Alaska lapho umhlabathi uqina unyaka wonke. Kunezinyoka ezimbalwa kuphela eJalimane: inyoka yotshani, inyoka ebushelelezi, inyoka edayisi, kanye nenyoka ye-Aesculapian. Okuwukuphela kwenyoka yomdabu enobuthi eJalimane i-adder.

Izinyoka zihlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene: Kusukela ogwadule kuya emahlathini kuya emapulazini, emasimini, namachibi. Zihlala phansi kanye nasemigodini noma phezulu ezihlahleni. Abanye baze bahlala olwandle.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyoka ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-3000 zezinyoka emhlabeni jikelele. Bahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu: ama-constrictors, amabululu namabululu.

Behave

Ziphila kanjani izinyoka?

Izinyoka cishe ziyizidalwa ezihlala zodwa. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, zisebenza ngezikhathi ezahlukene - ezinye emini, ezinye ebusuku. Ngenxa yezitho zazo ezinhle zezinzwa, izinyoka zihlala zazi kahle ukuthi kwenzekani eduze kwazo. Bazwa amakha ngamakhala abo nangosizo lolimi lwabo olunemfoloko.

Bese bethinta isitho esibizwa ngeJacobson emlonyeni wabo ngolimi, bahlaziye ngalo amakha. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zilandelele futhi zilandele inyamazane. Ezinye izinyoka, njenge-pit viper, zingakwazi ngisho nokubona imisebe ye-infrared, okungukuthi imisebe yokushisa, ngosizo lwesitho sazo somgodi. Ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuthi babone inyamazane yabo, bayayizwa. Ama-boa constrictor anesitho esifanayo.

Izinyoka azikuzwa kahle. Nokho, bayakwazi ukubona ukundindizela komhlaba ngosizo lwendlebe yabo yangaphakathi. Izinyoka zinhle kakhulu ekugaqeni. Zibhukuda emhlabathini, kodwa futhi phezulu eziqongweni zezihlahla futhi ziyakwazi nokubhukuda.

Izinhlobo zasolwandle njengezinyoka zasolwandle zingatshuza kuze kube ihora. Njengazo zonke izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoka azikwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomzimba lincike ekushiseni kwemvelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinyoka azikwazi ukuphila ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu.

Ezifundeni ezipholile, ngokuvamile zichitha ubusika zicashe endaweni ebandayo. Iningi labantu liyazesaba izinyoka. Kodwa izinyoka ziluma kuphela lapho zizwa zisongelwa. Futhi zivame ukuxwayisa kusengaphambili – phela azifuni ukuchitha ushevu wazo: Imfezi, isibonelo, iphakamisa isivikelo sentamo yayo futhi ihayize, inyoka egobhozayo iklabalasa ekugcineni komsila wayo.

Nokho, noma nini lapho kungenzeka, izinyoka ziyobaleka uma umhlaseli womuntu noma wesilwane esondela kakhulu. Uma ulunywe yinyoka, i-antiserum ebizwa ngokuthi i-antiserum, etholakala ebuhlungu benyoka, ingasiza.