UMary Allen
Amagundane amancane ayizilwane ezifuywayo ezidumile. Ungafunda lapha ngezinkinga zokuziphatha ezingaba khona uma isilwane sigcinwa ngendlela engafanele uhlobo lwezilwane.
I-rodent order (i-Rodentia) yiqembu elikhulu kunazo zonke futhi elicebile kakhulu ngezinhlobo zezilwane ezincelisayo. Ngokuya ngombhali, inani lezinhlobo zamagundane liyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-1700-3000. Lokhu kuhambisana ne-approx. 40-70% wezilwane ezincelisayo. Ngokuya ngombhali, inemibhalo engaphansi kwemine neyisikhombisa. Ukuhlukaniswa okuvame kakhulu okwamanje limi kanje:
- Izihlobo zegundane (Myomorpha)
- Izihlobo zikaPorcupine (Hystricognathi)
- Izihlobo zesquirrel (Sciuromorpha)
- Izihlobo zesquirrel Thorntail (Anomaluromorpha)
Izinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezihlinzekwa ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo zingashintsha njalo ngenxa yesidingo esishintshayo (“imfashini”) futhi izinhlobo ezintsha zengezwa njalo.
Isilwane esifuywayo esincane, isimo sengqondo esingenazinkinga?
Amagundane amaningi amancane abonisa ukuziphatha okungafuneki kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha lapho egcinwe ekunakekelweni kwabantu. Lezi zilwane zivame ukudayiswa ngaphandle kweseluleko esidingekayo futhi zinikezwe abanikazi abangenalo ulwazi oludingekayo njalo ngokuzigcina nokuzondla. Njengoba amagundane amancane evame ukuthengwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo zokuqala zezingane, imfundo (kuhlanganise nezingane) mayelana nokufuywa okufanele kwezinhlobo zezilwane idingeka ngokushesha. Ngokombono wabalobi, amagundane amancane awawona ukhetho olungcono kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, ngakho-ke kufanele anconywe kuphela ochwepheshe ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Yiziphi izimbangela zezinkinga zokuziphatha?
Izinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane zivame ukuthola indlela yazo ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo ngaphandle kokwaziswa kwebhayoloji eyanele evela ekuhlolweni kwezindawo ezitholakalayo. Nokho, inkambo yemvelo yokuphila yalezi zilwane ithonya ngokuphawulekayo ukuziphatha kwezilwane ekunakekelweni komuntu. Izimbangela zezinkinga eziningi zokuziphatha zingatholakala ngokubheka ukuziphatha kwezilwane endaweni yazo yemvelo. Ukuziphatha kwenkinga kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yokuntula ukwaneliseka ngezidingo. Ochwepheshe bezilwane nabo babhekene nale nkinga yokuziphatha kanye nemiphumela yayo.
Yiziphi izinkinga zokuziphatha ezingaba khona?
Ukuziphatha okungafuneki okuvamise ukwenzeka ulaka olubhekiswe ku-conspecifics (i-intraspecific aggression) kanye nakubantu (ukuhlukunyezwa okuhlukahlukene), lapho ukukhathazeka nokwesaba nakho kungadlala indima. Ukukhathazeka kungachazwa njengomzwelo oyisisekelo oziveza ngendlela yokukhathazeka nenjabulo engathandeki ezimweni ezibhekwa njengezisongela. Ukwesaba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuchazwa njengokusabela kokuqaphela engozini engokoqobo.
I-Cannibalism kanye ne-Kronism
Uma izimpawu zokuqala zokwesaba zingabonwa ngesikhathi futhi kungekho zinyathelo ezithathwayo, ubuzimu (ukudla izilwane zabanye) kanye ne-kronyism (ukudla inzalo yomuntu) kungenzeka. I-Kronism iphinde yenzeke njalo kwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane lapho kunokungondleki kahle kwamaprotheni noma lapho umnikazi elawula isidleke kaningi, kanye nokudla kwabantu lapho kuntuleka amanzi kanye/noma indawo.
Ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo okungajwayelekile
Izifo ezijwayelekile zokuziphatha wukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo okungavamile (ARV). Kubandakanya ukuziphatha okuphindaphinda ngokungafanele futhi okungaguquguquki enqubweni kanye/noma umumo. Ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo okungavamile kubonakala kungasebenzi, kungase kuhlanganise ukucwiywa ngokuzenzakalela, futhi ngokuvamile kuvame ukubukeka ngendlela eyinqaba. Lokhu kubandakanya isib. Ziwumphumela wezimo zezindlu ezingafaneleki.
Umbuzo Ovame Ukubuzwa
Isiphi isilwane esifuywayo esingaxakile?
Ama-hamster, ama-Guinea pig, amagundane, amagundane, onogwaja, nama-budgerigars, isibonelo, abhekwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezinakekela kalula futhi ngokuvamile zibhekwa "njengezilwane eziqalayo". Yebo, izilwane zingachitha amahora ambalwa zodwa ekhejini, kodwa futhi zidinga ukunakwa kwansuku zonke kanye "nokuzivocavoca".
Isiphi isilwane okulula ukusigcina?
Izingulube zaseGuinea, amakati, nama-budgies ngezinye zezilwane ezifuywayo okulula ukuzinakekela.
Ingabe amagundane ayizilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle?
Igundane lilungele ukufuywa. Izibonelo ezincane, ezinhle nezidlalayo ongazikhetha esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo noma indawo yokukhosela izilwane azisenakho okufanayo nozakwabo basendle. Igundane elithambile alikwazi ukuvele lidedelwe liye endle.
Yini isilwane esihlanzekile kunayo yonke?
I-HAMSTER: Lezi zilwane ezinhle ezihlala zodwa zizilungisa futhi zihlele ukudla kwazo kube yinqwaba ehlanzekile, okuzenza zibe esinye sezilwane ezifuywayo ezinganakekeli kakhulu futhi esinye sezilwane ezifuywayo ezihlanzekile kakhulu umuntu angaba nazo.
Isiphi isilwane esincane esizoba mnene?
Amagundane amagundane avame ukuba nothando futhi afune ukugona. Kwesinye isikhathi baze bacele ukugonwa. Izingulube zaseGuinea kanye nonogwaja nazo ziyathanda ukuhlala zinganyakazi lapho ziphulula.
Isiphi isilwane esifuywayo esincane esithanda ukugona?
Izilwane ezifuywayo ezidume kakhulu zihlanganisa izinja, amakati, nezilwane ezincane ezifana onogwaja noma izingulube ze-Guinea. Kuthiwa zinesici esikhulu sokugona, njengoba uboya bazo buvame ukuthamba futhi buthandele.
Isiphi isilwane esidinga indawo encane?
Onogwaja abancane, ama-hamster, nezingulube ze-Guinea nazo zizizwa zisekhaya ezindlini ezincane. Uma ungafuni ukufuya izilwane, kukhona izimfudu, izibankwa ezihlukahlukene, izintethe nezicabucabu. Nokho, lokhu kudinga i-terrarium, ubukhulu bayo buncike ohlotsheni nenani lezilwane.
Isiphi isilwane esifuywayo esishibhe kunazo zonke?
Isilwane esishibhe kunazo zonke esinoboya i-hamster. Ngokwesilinganiso, ihlala iminyaka emibili kuphela futhi ibiza cishe ama-euro angama-500 ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa isilwane sinesigqi sokuphila esihlukile kunabantu abaningi.