UMary Allen
Inyoka yotshani iyinyoka yethu yomdabu ejwayeleke kakhulu. Isilwane esihuquzelayo esinamachashaza akhanyayo amise okwenkcezu ngemva kwekhanda laso asinangozi nhlobo kubantu.
Izici
Zibukeka kanjani izinyoka zotshani?
Izinyoka zotshani ziyingxenye yomndeni wezinyoka ngakho-ke ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo. Amaduna akhula abe yimitha ubude. Ezinsikazi zifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angu-130, ezinye zize zibe ngamamitha amabili, kanti futhi ziminyene kakhulu kunabesilisa. Izinyoka zotshani zinemibala ngezindlela ezihluke kakhulu: Imizimba yazo ingaba nsundu ngokubomvu, impunga yesihlibhi, noma i-olive futhi ibe nemithende emnyama eqondile noma amabala. Ngezikhathi ezithile kukhona nezilwane ezimnyama ngokuphelele.
Isisu simhlophe-mpunga ukuya kophuzi futhi sinamabala. Isici esijwayelekile amachashaza amabili aphuzi ukuya kokumhlophe amise okwecwephe ngemuva kwekhanda. Ikhanda ngokwalo selicishe libe mnyama. Njengazo zonke izinyoka, izinyane zamehlo ziyindilinga. Njengazo zonke izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoka zotshani kudingeka zikhiphe isikhumba sazo njalo ukuze zikwazi ukukhula.
Zihlala kuphi izinyoka zotshani?
Izinyoka zotshani zinendawo enkulu kakhulu yokusabalalisa. Zitholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika, nasentshonalanga ye-Asia. Lapho zivela ezindaweni eziphansi zifike endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-2000. Ezindaweni ezipholile kakhulu zaseScandinavia nase-Ireland, nokho, abekho.
Izinyoka ezinotshani njengamanzi: zihlala emachibini, emachibini, ezimfundeni ezimanzi, nasemanzini ageleza kancane. Nokho, amanzi kufanele azungezwe izitshalo eziluhlaza ukuze izinyoka zikwazi ukucasha. Izihlahla ezindala nazo zibalulekile, ezimpandeni zazo ezinkulu inyoka yotshani ithola imigodi emincane yokuzalela amaqanda kanye nobusika obusika.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyoka zotshani ezikhona?
Ngenxa yokuthi izinyoka zotshani zinendawo enkulu yokusabalalisa, kukhona nezinhlobo ezimbalwa. Zihluke ngokuyinhloko ngombala nangosayizi.
Inyoka yotshani evamile ihlala empumalanga ye-Elbe kuze kufike eScandinavia nasentshonalanga yeRussia. Inyoka yotshani obuvinjelwe itholakala entshonalanga yeYurophu nasenyakatho ye-Italy. Inyoka yotshani yaseSpain ingatholakala eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia naseNyakatho-ntshonalanga Afrika, inyoka enotshani enemithende emazweni aseBalkan kuya e-Asia Minor, naseCaspian Sea. Inyoka yotshani yaseRussia ihlala eRussia, iSicilian eSicily. Kunezinye izinhlobo ezincane eziqhingini zaseCorsica naseSardinia nakwezinye iziqhingi zaseGreece.
Ziba neminyaka emingaki izinyoka zotshani?
Izinyoka zotshani zingaphila iminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengama-25 endle.
Behave
Ziphila kanjani izinyoka zotshani?
Izinyoka zotshani azinabo ubuthi futhi azinabungozi kubantu. Asebenza kakhulu emini. Ngenxa yokuthi zinegazi elibandayo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo alifani ngaso sonke isikhathi kodwa kuxhomeke ekushiseni kwendawo ezungezile. Ngakho-ke, baqala usuku ngokushisa ilanga ukuze bafudumale. Kusihlwa zikhasa endaweni yokucasha lapho zilala khona.
Izinyoka zotshani ziyakwazi ukubhukuda nokutshuza kahle kakhulu. Lapho zibhukuda, ziphakamisa amakhanda azo kancane emanzini. Izinyoka zotshani ziyizilwane ezinamahloni kakhulu. Lapho bephazanyiswa, baziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi bayayeka ukunyakaza futhi bahlale benganyakazi.
Nokho, isikhathi esiningi zibaleka ngokutshuza ngokushesha nangokuthula emanzini noma zifune indawo yokucasha phakathi kwamatshe, izihlahla, noma iziqu zezihlahla. Uma bezizwa besongelwa futhi bengakwazi ukubaleka, izinyoka zotshani ziyohlasela. Balala begoqene phansi bese benza u-“S” ngezintamo zabo.
Bese bebhekisa amabombo kumhlaseli. Nokho, azilumi kodwa zisongelwa kuphela. Nokho, izinyoka zotshani nazo zingamisa imizimba yazo yangaphambili njengemfezi. Baphinde bashaye ikhwelo bashaye amakhanda bebheke ngakumhlaseli. Okunye ukusabela esimweni esisongelayo ukudlala ufile: zigingqika emhlane, zixhugele futhi zidedele ulimi lwazo ziphume emlonyeni. Zivame ukukhulula uketshezi olunuka kabi ku-cloaca.
Izinyoka zotshani zichitha ubusika ngamaqembu amancane endaweni yokucasha ezivikela emakhazeni. Lokhu kungaba isiphunzi esikhulu, inqwaba yamaqabunga noma umquba, noma umgodi emhlabathini. Usuke ususendaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-hibernation. Abaphumi lapho becashe khona kuze kufike u-April lapho sekufudumele ngokwanele kubo.
Abangane nezitha zenyoka yotshani
Izinyoni ezidla inyama, izindwandwe ezimpunga, izimpungushe, izimpungushe, kodwa futhi namakati angaba yingozi ezinyoka ezinotshani. Ikakhulukazi izinyoka zotshani ezisencane zinezitha eziningi. Nokho, lezi zinyoka zizama ukuzivikela ngokukhipha uketshezi olunuka kabi lapho zihlaselwa.
Zizalana kanjani izinyoka zotshani?
Izinyoka zotshani zihlangana entwasahlobo ngemva kwe-molt yokuqala. Ngezinye izikhathi izilwane ezifika ku-60 zibuthana endaweni eyodwa. Abesilisa bahlala bebaningi. Amaqanda abekwa kusukela ngoNtulikazi kuya kuNcwaba endaweni efudumele efana nenqwaba yomquba noma isiphunzi esidala sesihlahla, eyesifazane izalela phakathi kwamaqanda ayi-10 nama-40. Izinyoka zotshani ezincane zichanyuselwa ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Zingamasentimitha ayishumi nambili kuphela ubude futhi zinesisindo esingamagremu amathathu nje. Izinyoka ezisanda kuzalwa ziqala ukuhlala ndawonye ekubanjeni kwazo futhi zichitha ubusika lapho. Basuke sebevuthiwe ngokocansi lapho sebeneminyaka emine ubudala.