UMary Allen
Intshayelelo: Iitsunami kunye noBomi baseLwandle
Iitsunami yenye yeentlekele zemvelo ezitshabalalisayo ezinokubakho elwandle. Zibangelwa uthotho lwamaza anokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-100 ukuphakama kunye nokuhamba ngesantya ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingama-500 ngeyure. Nangona iitsunami zisaziwa ngamandla azo atshabalalisayo, zinokuba nempembelelo enkulu kubomi baselwandle.
Ulwandle luhlala kwizidalwa zaselwandle ezininzi, eziquka iintlanzi, ookrebe, iminenga, amahlengesi nezinye ezininzi. Ezi zilwanyana ziqhelana nobomi elwandle kwaye ziye zaphuhlisa amacebo okuphila kwiimeko ezinzima. Noko ke, xa kuqhambuka itsunami, izinto eziphila elwandle zinokubhaqwa, yaye ukuphila kwazo kusenokuba sesichengeni. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga apho iintlanzi kunye nookrebe baya khona ngexesha le-tsunami kunye nendlela abaziqhelanisa ngayo nesi siganeko sibi.
Inzululwazi Emva Kwetsunami
Iitsunami zibangelwa ziinyikima, iintaba-mlilo, ukudilika komhlaba, okanye iimeteorites ezichaphazela ulwandle. Xa ezi ziganeko zisenzeka, zinokwenza uthotho lwamaza anokuhamba imigama emide. Amandla avela kumaza adluliselwa emanzini, abangela ukuba ahambe kwi-circular motion. Njengoko amaza esondela kumanzi angekho nzulu, ayacotha aze akhule ngobude. Yiloo nto ebangela ukuba iitsunami zibe yingozi kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni.
Ubungakanani nokomelela kwetsunami kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubukhulu benyikima ephantsi kwamanzi okanye ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo, ubunzulu bamanzi, nomgama ukusuka elunxwemeni. Iitsunami zinokuhamba kuzo zonke iilwandle, kwaye kungathatha iiyure ukuba zifike kunxweme olukude. Oku kunika ubomi baselwandle ixesha lokusabela kwaye balungiselele amaza angenayo.
Izidalwa zaselwandle ziziva njani iitsunami?
Izidalwa zaselwandle ziye zaguquka ukuze zikwazi ukubona utshintsho kwindawo ezikuyo, kuquka nokutshintsha koxinzelelo lwamanzi, ubushushu kunye netyuwa. Ezi zivamvo zibanceda babone utshintsho olwenzeka elwandle, njengokufika kwesaqhwithi okanye ubukho bamarhamncwa.
Xa kusondela itsunami, uxinzelelo lwamanzi lutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, yaye oku kunokubonwa zizidalwa zaselwandle. Ezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi, ezifana ne-Pacific herring, zaziwa ngokusabela kwiinguqu kuxinzelelo lwamanzi ngokuqubha kumanzi anzulu. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana nookrebe, ziyakwazi ukubona imimandla ye-electromagnetic eyenziwa kukuhamba kwamaza.
Iintlanzi kunye neetsunami: Iindlela zokuSinda
Iintlanzi ziphuhlise uluhlu lweendlela zokusinda elwandle, kubandakanya ukuzimela kwimingxunya okanye phantsi kwamatye, ukudada kumanzi anzulu, okanye ukuqubha ngokuthe ngqo ngaselunxwemeni ukubalekela amaza. Ezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi, ezifana ne-eel yaseJapan, zaziwa ngokuqubha ukuya emilanjeni kunye nemilambo ukubalekela amaza.
Iintlanzi ezingakwaziyo ukuqubha ngokukhawuleza okanye ezizimele kwimingxuma zinokukhukuliswa ngamaza zize zithwalelwe emhlabeni. Oku kunokuba sisoyikiso esinzulu kuluntu oluhlala ngaselunxwemeni, njengoko inani elikhulu leentlanzi linokugalelwa elunxwemeni, lidala umngcipheko wezifo nongcoliseko.
Ookrebe neetsunami: Inzuzo Yokuziqhelanisa?
Ookrebe baziwa ngokukwazi ukubona utshintsho kwindawo abahlala kuyo kwaye baziqhelanise neemeko ezintsha ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana nokrebe omkhulu omhlophe, zaziwa ngokuqubha kumanzi anzulu ngexesha letsunami ukuphepha amaza.
Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-reef shark, ziyakwazi ukusebenzisa amaza ukuze zixhamle ngokudada kufuphi nonxweme ukuzingela ixhoba eliye laphazanyiswa ngamaza. Oku kubonisa ukuba ookrebe banokuba nethuba lokuziqhelanisa xa kufikwa ekusindeni kwiitsunami.
Ziyaphi Iintlanzi kunye neeSharks Ngexesha leTsunami?
Ukuziphatha kweentlanzi kunye neentlanzi ngexesha le-tsunami kunokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nendawo. Ezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi zinokudada ukuya kumanzi anzulu, ngelixa ezinye zinokuqubha ngokuthe ngqo ngaselunxwemeni. Ngokufanayo, ezinye iintlobo zookrebe zinokudada ukuya kumanzi anzulu, ngelixa ezinye zisenokutsaleleka elunxwemeni ukuze zizingele amaxhoba.
Ngokubanzi, iintlanzi ezinkulu kunye nookrebe baxhotyiswe ngcono ukuba baphile kula maza, njengoko bekwazi ukudada ngokukhawuleza kwaye bangabi sesichengeni sokukhukuliswa yimisinga. Iintlanzi ezincinci kunye nookrebe banokuba sesichengeni ngakumbi ngamaza kwaye banokukhukuliseka okanye bavaleleke elunxwemeni.
Coastal vs. Pelagic Fish: Iimpendulo ezahlukeneyo
Iintlobo zeentlanzi zaselunxwemeni, ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiingqaqa zekorale okanye kumachweba echweba, zinokuba sesichengeni ngakumbi kwiitsunami kuneentlobo zepelagic, ezifumaneka kumanzi olwandle avulekileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba iintlanzi eziselunxwemeni zidla ngokubanjiswa ngamaza okanye zivaleleke elunxwemeni.
Iintlanzi zePelagic, ezifana ne-tuna okanye i-mackerel, zinokuqubha imigama emide kwaye azinakwenzeka ukuba zichatshazelwe ngamaza. Nangona kunjalo, zisenokuchatshazelwa lutshintsho kwimisinga yolwandle okanye iqondo lobushushu bamanzi, nto leyo enokuchaphazela indlela yazo yokutya kunye nokuzala.
Indima yeeCoral Reefs kuKhuseleko lweTsunami
Iingqaqa zekorale ziyaziwa ngokubonelela ngoluhlu lweenkonzo ze-ecosystem, kubandakanywa ukukhuselwa kwizaqhwithi kunye neetsunami. Iingqaqa zekorale zisebenza njengemiqobo yendalo enokunciphisa impembelelo yamaza kuluntu oluselunxwemeni.
Xa amaza esondela kwi-coral reef, ayacotha aze aphelelwe ngamandla njengoko edlula kwisakhiwo esintsonkothileyo soqaqa. Oku kunceda ukukhusela unxweme kunye nezidalwa zaselwandle ezihlala kuloo ndawo. Noko ke, iingqaqa zekorale zisesichengeni sokonakaliswa ziitsunami, ezinokuqhekeza ulwalwa oluethe-ethe.
Iitsunami kunye nokuLoba ngoRhwebo: Iimpembelelo zezoQoqosho
Iitsunami zinokuba neempembelelo ezinkulu kwezoqoqosho kumashishini orhwebo ngokuloba. Abalobi basenokuphulukana namaphenyane, iminatha nezinye izixhobo zabo ebudeni betsunami, nto leyo enokuba nemiphumo ebuhlungu gqitha kubomi babo.
Ukongeza, inani elikhulu leentlanzi linokukhukuliswa ngamaza, linciphisa inani leentlanzi ezifumanekayo ekulobeni urhwebo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekwehleni kwenani labalobi kunye nelahleko yengeniso kubalobi.
Ukubaluleka kweeNdawo zaseLwandle ekuLungelweni kweTsunami
Iindawo ezihlala elwandle ziindawo ezichongiweyo ezikhuselweyo ekulobeni urhwebo nezinye izinto ezinokonakalisa izinto eziphila elwandle. Ezi ndawo ezingcwele zinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni i-tsunami ngokubonelela indawo ekhuselekileyo yezidalwa zaselwandle ngexesha le-tsunami.
Iindawo zokulondoloza iilwandle zinokusebenza njengemiqobo yendalo enokunciphisa impembelelo yamaza kuluntu oluselunxwemeni. Ngokukhusela iingqaqa zekorale nezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo zokuhlala, iindawo zokugcina iilwandle zinokunceda ekunciphiseni umonakalo obangelwa ziitsunami.
Iitsunami kunye noTshintsho lweMozulu: Iimpembelelo ezinokuthi zibe kho kuBomi baseLwandle
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kulindeleke ukuba kwandise ukuphindaphindeka kunye nobunzulu bezehlo zemozulu ezigqithisileyo, kuquka iitsunami. Oku kunokuba neempembelelo ezibalulekileyo kubomi baselwandle, kubandakanywa utshintsho kwimisinga yolwandle, ubushushu bamanzi, kunye nomphakamo wolwandle.
Izidalwa zaselwandle kusenokufuneka ziqhelane nezi meko ziguqukayo, okanye zisenokutshabalala. Ukongeza, iitsunami zinokuba nempembelelo enkulu ekukwazini kwezidalwa zaselwandle ukufuduka okanye ukuzala, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ngakumbi ukusinda kwazo.
Isiphelo: Ukuqonda uBudlelwane phakathi kweTsunami kunye noBomi baseLwandle
Iitsunami ziyinxalenye yendalo yobomi elwandle, kwaye izidalwa zaselwandle ziye zavela ukuze ziqhelane nezi ziganeko zinzima. Iintlanzi kunye nookrebe baphuhlise uluhlu lweendlela zokusinda elwandle, kubandakanya ukuqubha ukuya kumanzi anzulu, ukuzimela kwimingxuma, okanye ukuqubha ukuya ngaselunxwemeni.
Ukuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi kweetsunami kunye nobomi baselwandle kubalulekile ekukhuseleni uluntu kunye nezidalwa zaselwandle ezibiza ikhaya lolwandle. Ngokukhusela iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nezixhobo ze-coral kunye neendawo ezihlala elwandle, sinokunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yeetsunami kubomi baselwandle kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusinda kwexesha elide kwezi zinto zibalulekileyo.