UMary Allen
Phantse naphi na kumzantsi-mpuma we-United States - ukuya kuthi ga emantla e-Indiana nangasentshona eTexas-inyoka equbha kwisikhephe sakho inokuba yi-moccasin yamanzi anobuthi (Agkistrodon piscivorus) kunenyoka engenabungozi. Iimoccasins zamanzi ziinyoka emigodini, oku kuthetha ukuba zinemizimba emikhulu, enzima kunye neentloko ezinxantathu. Ubuncinci enye inyoka ilinganisa ezi mpawu, kodwa udinga ulwazi oluninzi ukwenza uphawu oluhle. Ngethamsanqa, ii-moccasins zamanzi zineempawu ze-idiosyncratic kunye nemikhwa yokuqubha, ke ngelixa ukoyika ukufumana enye kuyenzeka, akukho lula.
ICottonmouths inokuzingela ixhoba emanzini okanye emhlabeni. Badla iintlanzi, izilwanyana ezincinci, iintaka, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, kunye nezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo - kubandakanywa nezinye iinyoka kunye neemoccasins ezincinci zamanzi, ngokutsho kweYunivesithi yaseMichigan's Animal Diversity Web (ivula kwithebhu entsha) (ADW).
Imbonakalo ye-moccasin yamanzi
I-moccasin yamanzi inokuqala ukubonakala imbala emnyama okanye emnyama, kodwa ukuba ujongisisa kakuhle unako ukwahlula i-tan kunye ne-yellow bands ejikeleze umzimba wayo owenziwe kakhulu. Ukuba inyoka iselula ngokwaneleyo, ezi mpawu zinokuqaqamba. Ngelixa ingenasimo sedayimani, iibhendi zisikhumbuza ngokumakishwa kwi-rattlesnake, enengqiqo kuba i-rattlesnake isihlobo.
Njengazo zonke iinyoka emigodini, i-moccasin yamanzi inentamo encinci kakhulu kunentloko yayo engunxantathu kunye nomzimba onamandla. Mhlawumbi awufuni ukusondela ngokwaneleyo ukuze uqaphele oku, kodwa i-moccasin yamanzi inabafundi abathe nkqo abamile njengee-slits, kunokuba abafundi abajikelezileyo bezona nyoka zamanzi ezingenabungozi. Ikwanazo nomqolo omnye wamaxolo emsileni wayo, ngokungafaniyo neenyoka ezingenabuhlungu, ezinemiqolo emibini ecaleni komnye.
I-Cottonmouths yi-moccasins yamanzi
I-moccasin yamanzi ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-cottonmouth, kwaye isizathu sivela kwisimo sokukhusela inyoka eyamkelayo xa isongelwa. Usonga umzimba wakhe, aphakamise intloko aze avule umlomo wakhe ngokubanzi kangangoko. Umbala wolusu lomlomo wenyoka umhlophe njengomqhaphu – kungoko kuthiwa yi-cottonmouth. Xa ubona le ndlela yokuziphatha, lixesha lokuhlehla, ngokukhawuleza kodwa ngokukhawuleza, kuba inyoka ilungele ukubetha.
Amanzi Moccasins Uthando Amanzi
Awuyi kubona i-moccasins yamanzi kude namanzi. Bakhetha amachibi, amachibi kunye nemilambo enokutya okuninzi ukuze bakubambe. ICottonmouth itya iintlanzi, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, iintaka, izilwanyana ezanyisayo, iingwenya zeentsana, kunye nemilomo emincinci.
I-cottonmouth yokuqubha ihluke ngokulula kwinyoka eqhelekileyo yamanzi. Igcina uninzi lomzimba wayo phezu kwamanzi, phantse ngokungathi iyaqubha. Iinyoka zamanzi, kwelinye icala, zigcina imizimba yazo emininzi ingaphantsi; yintloko kuphela ebonakalayo.
Xa ungabhukudi, ii-moccasins zamanzi zithanda ukuntywila ilanga kumatye kunye nezigodo ezikufutshane namanzi. Abakhweli emithini, ngoko ke musa ukuba nexhala malunga nokuba nethontsi entloko, kodwa ukuba uhamba ngasemfuleni okanye echibini – nokuba kusebusika – luluvo oluhle ukujonga icala elikude ngena phambi kokuba uhambe phezu kwayo.
Kulumkele ukuxelisa
Inyoka yamanzi edibeneyo (i-Nerodia fasciata) ilinganisa iimpawu ze-moccasin yamanzi ukuze ujabulele inzuzo yenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwetyhefu ngaphandle kokuba nayo enye yazo. Uthambisa intloko yakhe kunye nomzimba xa esongelwa ukubonisa umzimba wamanqatha we-moccasin kunye nentloko engunxantathu ngaphezu kokudlula. Nangona kunjalo, ayisiyombono egqibeleleyo. Kukholelwa ukuba inyoka yasemanzini inomzimba obhityileyo, omde ngokugqithisileyo, umsila omxinwa, kunye neempawu ezingajiki zibe mnyama ngasemsileni njengophawu olukwimoccasin yamanzi.
Nokuba ingazanywanga, inyoka yamanzi enebhanti ibonakala ifana ne-moccasin yamanzi, kodwa owona mahluko mkhulu phakathi kwawo ngumgodi ova ubushushu, onika amarhamba emhadini igama lawo. Ifumaneka ebunzi ngasentla naphakathi kweempumlo ze-moccasin yamanzi. Inyoka yasemanzini enebhanti ayinamngxuma onjalo.
Zifumaneka phi iimoccasins ezininzi zamanzi?
Iimoccasins zamanzi zifumaneka kwimpuma ye-US ukusuka kwi-Great Dismal Swamp kumazantsi-mpuma eVirginia, emazantsi nge-peninsula yaseFlorida nasentshona ukuya e-Arkansas, empuma nakumazantsi e-Oklahoma, nasentshona nakumazantsi eGeorgia (ngaphandle kweLake Lanier kunye neLake Allatoona).
Yintoni ebulala i-cottonmouth?
Iinyoka zenkosi zinokumelana nendalo kwi-pit venom kwaye zihlala zibulala kwaye zitye i-cottonmouths, i-rattlesnakes kunye ne-copperheads.
Kude kangakanani ukubetha i-moccasin yamanzi?
I-cottonmouths ekhule ngokupheleleyo inokusondela kwiimitha ezintandathu ubude kodwa ezininzi zincinci, zihlala zithathu ukuya kwezine iinyawo. Inyoka ibamba ngokubonakalayo intloko yayo kwi-engile ye-45 degrees kwaye ikwazi ukubona intshukumo kumgama ongaphantsi kweemitha ezingamashumi amahlanu.
Unexesha elingakanani emva kokulunywa kwe-moccasin yamanzi?
Izigulana ezibonisa emva kokulunywa kwe-cottonmouth kufuneka zijongwe iiyure ezisibhozo emva kwe-envenomation. Ukuba akukho zimpawu zomzimba okanye ze-hematological kwiiyure ezisibhozo, isigulane sinokukhutshwa ekhaya.
Ugxotha njani iimoccasins zamanzi?
Ngaba i-moccasin yamanzi inokuluma phantsi kwamanzi?
Ngaphandle kweenyoka zolwandle, kukho iinyoka ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ezinokuhlala emanzini okanye kufuphi namanzi - i-cottonmouth (i-moccasin yamanzi) kunye nenyoka yamanzi. Ayizizo iinyoka kuphela ezinokuluma ngaphantsi kwamanzi, kodwa ii-moccasins zamanzi zijoyina uluhlu lweentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-20 zeenyoka ezinobuhlungu e-United States zibenza zibe yingozi ngakumbi.
Ngaba i-moccasins yamanzi inobudlova?
Iimoccasins zamanzi azikho ndlongondlongo, nangona abantu abaninzi bethetha njalo. Eyona ndlela ingcono yokubaphepha kukwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuzikhwebula endleleni yabo. Nje ukuba uzinyathele ngempazamo, zinokugqabhuka zilume njengethuku lokuzikhusela.