UMary Allen
I-mamba emnyama (i-Dendroaspis polylepis) yeyohlobo lwe-"Mambas" kunye nosapho lweenyoka ezinobuthi. I-black mamba yeyona nyoka inobuhlungu ende e-Afrika kwaye ikwindawo yesibini kwihlabathi emva kwe-king cobra. Inyoka yafumana igama layo kumbala omnyama ngaphakathi emlonyeni wayo.
Ixhoba le-black mamba libandakanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziquka izilwanyana ezincancisayo ezincinci ezifana neempuku, oonomatse, iimpuku kunye neentaka. Zikwafunyaniswa ukuba zitya ezinye iinyoka ezifana nephimpi lasehlathini.
Imamba emnyama
Imamba emnyama yenye yezona nyoka zoyikwayo neziyingozi eAfrika. Akunto ingaqhelekanga ukubafumana kufuphi neendawo zokuhlala, yiyo loo nto ukudibana nabantu kuxhaphakile. Ngenxa yobude bayo, inyoka inokunyuka ngokulula kwaye ifihle emithini. Kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela inde kakhulu, kodwa ikwayenye yezona nyoka zikhawulezayo e-Afrika ezinesantya esimalunga nama-25 km/h.
Ngokulunywa nje kube kanye, unokutofa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-400 mg yetyhefu ye-neurotoxic. Ubuncinci be-20 mg yale tyhefu iyabulala emntwini. Ukulunywa kuhlasela izihlunu zentliziyo kunye nezicubu. Ingakhokelela ekufeni kwimizuzu eli-15.
Ukulunywa kwemamba emnyama kukwabizwa ngokuba “kukuncamisa ukufa”.
iimpawu
| igama | Imamba emnyama |
| Scientific | Dendroaspis polylepis |
| iintlobo | inyoka |
| umyalelo | isikali ezirhubuluzayo |
| Uhlobo | IiMamba |
| usapho | iinyoka ezinobuthi |
| eklasini | ezihlambulukileyo |
| Umbala | mdaka omnyama kunye nengwevu emnyama |
| ubunzima | ukuya kwi-1.6 kg |
| Long | ukuya kwi-4.5m |
| isantya | ukuya kuthi ga kwi-26 km/h |
| Izinto ozilindile emhlabane | ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-10 |
| mvelaphi | iAfrika |
| yokuhlala | UMzantsi kunye neMpuma Afrika |
| ukutya | iimpuku ezincinci, iintaka |
| iintshaba | iingwenya, oodyakalashe |
| utyhefu | inetyhefu kakhulu |
| Ingozi | Imamba emnyama ijongene nokufa kwabantu abamalunga nama-300 ngonyaka. |
Yintoni edla i-black mamba?
Iimamba ezindala zinezilwanyana ezimbalwa ezizingelayo ngaphandle kweentaka ezidla inyama. Amakhozi amdaka aqinisekisiweyo ukuba angamaxhoba eemamba ezimnyama ezikhulileyo, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2.7 m ubuncinane (8 ft 10 in). Amanye amaxhalanga aziwa ngokuzingela okanye atye iimamba ezikhulileyo ezimnyama ziquka amaxhalanga amnyama kunye nama-martial eagles.
Ngaba ungasinda xa ulunywa yimamba emnyama?
Kwimizuzu engamashumi amabini emva kokuba ulunyiwe usenokungakwazi ukuthetha. Emva kweyure mhlawumbi ukwi-commatose, kwaye kwiiyure ezintandathu, ngaphandle kweyeza lokunyanga, ufile. Umntu uya kuba “neentlungu, afe umzimba aze afe kwisithuba seeyure ezintandathu,” utsho uDamaris Rotich, umalathisi wepaki yeenyoka eNairobi.
Ngaba iimamba ezimnyama ziyayitya inyama?
Iimamba ezimnyama zizilwanyana ezizidla inyama kwaye ubukhulu becala zitya izilwanyana ezincinci ezifana neentaka, ngakumbi amantshontsho amantshontsho kunye namantshontsho, kunye nezilwanyana ezincancisayo ezincinci ezifana neempuku, amalulwane, iihyrax kunye neentsana. Ngokuqhelekileyo bakhetha amaxhoba anegazi elifudumeleyo kodwa baya kudla nezinye iinyoka.
Zihlala phi iimambas ezimnyama?
Iimamba ezimnyama zihlala kwii-savanna nakwiinduli ezinamatye ezikumazantsi nasempuma Afrika. Zezona nyoka zinde zaseAfrika ezinobuhlungu, zifikelela kwi 14 feet ubude, nangona 8.2 feet more the average. Zikwaphakathi kwezona nyoka zikhawulezayo ehlabathini, zityibilika ngesantya esifikelela kwi-12.5 yeemayile ngeyure.
Yeyiphi inyoka ebulala ngokukhawuleza?
Inkosi yamaphimpi (Iintlobo: Ophiophagus hannah) inokukubulala ngeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo kuyo nayiphi na inyoka. Isizathu sokuba i-king cobra ibulale umntu ngokukhawuleza kungenxa yomthamo omkhulu wetyhefu ye-neurotoxic enamandla enqanda imithambo-luvo emzimbeni ukuba ingasebenzi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-venom2 ezisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni womntu.
Yeyiphi ityhefu ebulala ngokukhawuleza?
Imamba emnyama, umzekelo, itofa izihlandlo ezili-12 idosi ebulalayo ebantwini ekulungeni ngalunye kwaye inokuluma kangangezihlandlo ezili-12 kuhlaselo olunye. Le mamba inesifo esisebenza ngokukhawuleza kuyo nayiphi na inyoka, kodwa abantu bakhulu kakhulu kunamaxhoba ayo esiqhelo kungoko kuthatha imizuzu engama-20 ukuba ufe.