UMary Allen
Intshayelelo: The River Horse Mystery
Ubukumkani bezilwanyana buzaliswe zizinto ezimangalisayo, kwaye enye imfihlelo enjalo lihashe lomlambo. Nangona isenokuvakala njengesidalwa sasentsomini, ihashe lomlambo sisilwanyana sokwenyani esihlala emilanjeni nakwimigxobhozo yaseAfrika. Ke, sisiphi isilwanyana esaziwa ngokuba lihashe lomlambo? Impendulo yimvubu, isilwanyana esikhethekileyo esibangel’ umdla nesibalulekileyo kwindima yaso kwi-ecosystem.
UMvubu: Isilwanyana esahlukileyo
Imvubu, okanye imvubu ngokufutshane, sisilwanyana esanyisayo esikhulu, esiphantse sahlala emanzini kwaye nenzalelwane yaseAfrika ekumazantsi eSahara. Ngaphandle kwamagama azo, iimvubu azizalani ngokusondeleyo namahashe, kodwa zihlobene kakhulu neminenga kunye namahlengesi. Zisesinye sezona zilwanyana zikhulu ehlabathini yaye zaziwa ngobukhulu bazo, imizimba yazo emile njengebhere, nemilenze yazo emifutshane. Ulusu lwemvubu lomelele yaye alunaboya, yaye lusoloko lugqunywe ludaka ukuze lukhuseleke elangeni nakwizinambuzane. Nangona iimvubu zinokukhangeleka zintle kwaye zithandeka, eneneni isesinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi eAfrika, ezibangela ukufa kwabantu ngaphezu kwaso nasiphi na esinye isilwanyana esanyisayo.
Iimpawu zoMzimba weMvubu
Iimvubu zizilwanyana ezikhulu, iimazi zinobunzima obuphakathi kwe-1,300 kunye ne-1,500 kg, kwaye iinkunzi zinobunzima obuphakathi kwe-1,500 kunye ne-3,200 kg. Zinomzimba omile okwebhere oxhaswe yimilenze emifutshane, elukhuni, nentloko enkulu enomlomo obanzi namazinyo amabini amakhulu angaphandle. Iimvubu ziqhelene kakuhle nendlela yazo yokuphila yasemanzini, kunye neenyawo ezine-webbed ezinceda ukuba zidade kunye nomaleko otyebileyo wamafutha azinceda ukuba zihlale zishushu emanzini. Kwakhona banamehlo abalaseleyo nokuva, nto leyo ebanceda babone amarhamncwa nezinye izinto eziyingozi kwindawo abahlala kuyo.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye noKwabiwa kweMvubu
Iimvubu zifumaneka kulo lonke elaseAfrika ekumazantsi eSahara, zihlala emilanjeni, kumachibi nakwimigxobhozo. Zidla ngokufumaneka kwindawo ezinamanzi acothayo okanye amileyo, apho zinokutya izityalo zasemanzini ezenza uninzi lokutya kwazo. Ngoxa iimvubu zingafuduki, zihamba phakathi kwemithombo eyahlukeneyo yamanzi zikhangela ukutya yaye zibaleka iimeko zembalela.
Ukutya kunye neMikhwa yokutyisa iMvubu
Iimvubu zizilwanyana ezitya utyani, kwaye ukutya kwazo kuqulathe izityalo zasemanzini ubukhulu becala, ezifana neehyacinths zamanzi, iletisi yamanzi, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zengca. Ziyakwazi ukutyisa zombini emhlabeni nasemanzini, kwaye zinokutya ukuya kuma-50 kg wezityalo ngosuku. Nangona zinkulu, iimvubu zinesisu esincinane, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kufuneka zitye rhoqo ukuze zigcine amandla azo.
Ubume beNtlalo yeMvubu
Iimvubu zizilwanyana ezihlala kunye kwaye zihlala ngokwamaqela abizwa ngokuba yi-pods, ezinobungakanani ukusuka kubantu abambalwa ukuya kutsho ngaphezu kwe-100. Ngaphakathi kwe-pod, kukho i-hierarchical structure, kunye neenkunzi kunye neemazi ezikhokelayo. Iimvubu nazo zinommandla kwaye ziyawukhusela ummandla wazo ngamandla, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuzala.
Ukuzala kunye noMjikelo woBomi weMvubu
Iimazi zeemvubu zizala ithole elinye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini, emva kwexesha lokumitha elimalunga neenyanga ezisibhozo. Amathole azalelwa ngaphantsi kwamanzi kwaye ayakwazi ukudada phezulu ngokukhawuleza ukuze aphefumle okokuqala. Baxhomekeke kubisi lukamama wabo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zobomi, kodwa baya kuqalisa ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo malunga neeveki ezintathu ubudala. Amathole ahlala nonina ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emine, emva koko akhule ngokwesondo aze ahambe ayokuzimanya nenye idumba.
Izigrogriso kunye noLondolozo lweMvubu
Ngoxa iimvubu ngoku zingagqalwa njengezilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela, zijamelene nezisongelo zokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala, ukuzingela nokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni. Njengoko abantu beqhubeka besanda kwaye besanda kwindawo ehlala iimvubu, abantu babo baya beqhekeka kwaye basengozini. Ukongezelela, iimvubu zisazingelwa inyama namazinyo azo endlovu, nto leyo exatyiswa kakhulu kwezinye iindawo zaseAfrika.
Indima yeMvubu kwi-Ecosystem
Iimvubu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-ikhosistim yazo, zombini njengelitye eliphambili kunye nomthombo wezondlo. Njengezilwanyana ezitya utyani, zinceda ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwezityalo zasemanzini, ezithi nazo zixhase uluhlu olubanzi lwezinye iintlobo zasemanzini nezasemhlabeni. Ukongeza, ubulongwe bazo bubonelela ngezondlo ezibalulekileyo kwindawo engqongileyo, nto leyo enceda ekuxhaseni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinambuzane nezinye izilwanyana ezingenamqolo.
INkcubeko Ukubaluleka kweMvubu
Iimvubu ziye zadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkcubeko yabantu kangangamawaka eminyaka. KwiYiputa yamandulo, iimvubu zazigqalwa njengezilwanyana ezingcwele yaye zazinxulunyaniswa nothixo wenzala nokuzala. Kwezinye iindawo zaseAfrika, iimvubu zisagqalwa njengemiqondiso yamandla, amandla nenkuselo.
Intsomi kunye neNtsomi yeMvubu
Iimvubu ziye zaba ngumxholo weentsomi kunye namabali amaninzi ukutyhubela iminyaka. Kwezinye iinkcubeko zaseAfrika, kukholelwa ukuba iimvubu zizidalwa ezitshintsha-tshintshayo ezinokuthatha imo yomntu. Kwamanye, babonwa njengabagcini bomlambo, bewukhusela kwimimoya engendawo nakwezinye izisongelo.
Ukuqukumbela: Ukubaluleka kweMvubu
Imvubu sisilwanyana esikhethekileyo nesinomtsalane esidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-ecosystem kwi-Afrika ekwi-sub-Sahara. Ngelixa zinokuba yingozi ebantwini, zikwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yendawo engqongileyo, zibonelela ngeenzuzo zendalo kunye nezenkcubeko. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba sisebenzele ukukhusela nokulondoloza ezi zidalwa zibalaseleyo ukuze zixhamle izizukulwana ezizayo.