I-Toxoplasmosis: Ingozi Evela Kwikati

Igama lodwa libonakala liyingozi - kodwa i-toxoplasmosis ayiyona ityhefu, kodwa isifo esithathelwanayo. Ibangelwa zizifunxi-gazi ezichaphazela kakhulu iikati. Eyona nto ikhethekileyo ngayo: Abantu nabo banokuchaphazeleka. Kaninzana …

Zimbini ukuya kwezintlanu nje iimicrometers ngobukhulu kwaye zigqume kwihlabathi liphela: intsholongwane eneseli enye “iToxoplasma gondii” ayinayo imida yelizwe. Kwaye i-toxoplasmosis ebangelwa yi-pathogen nayo ayinayo imida kunye "namaxhoba" ayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba: eneneni sisifo sezilwanyana. Kodwa yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-zoonosis - isifo esenzeka kwizilwanyana nakubantu ngokufanayo.

Oko kuthetha ukuba: izinja, izilwanyana zasendle, kunye neentaka nazo zinokuhlaselwa sisifunxi-gazi sekati. Kwaye le pathogen ayipheleli nasebantwini. Ngokwahlukileyo koko: eJamani, malunga nomntu omnye kwababini uye wasulelwa yi-“Toxoplasma gondii” ngaxa lithile, ilumkisa iPharmazeutische Zeitung.

I-Pathogen ifuna ukuya kwiikati

Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye toxoplasmosis? Ngamafutshane, sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa zizifunxi-gazi. Ukuchaneka ngakumbi: Ngokwenyani, ngokuyintloko sisifo sekati. Kuba: Kwi-pathogen "i-Toxoplasma gondii" i-velvet paws yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-host host yokugqibela. Ukufezekisa oku, nangona kunjalo, i-pathogen isebenzisa imikhosi ephakathi - kwaye inokuba ngabantu. Iikati zihlala zijolise kuye, ziyakwazi ukuzala emathunjini abo. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, nangona kunjalo, iikati kuphela ezinokukhupha iifom ezisulelayo ezisisigxina ze-pathogen.

Ukuba ii-pathogens zifikelela kwiikati, zihlala zingabonakali. Ngenxa yokuba ikati enempilo enempilo idla ngokungabonisi zimpawu okanye imiqondiso embalwa efana nesifo sohudo. Kwiikati ezincinci kunye nezibuthathaka, nangona kunjalo, isifo sinokuba sibi kakhulu. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• isifo sohudo
• ilindle elinegazi
• umkhuhlane
• ukuvuvukala kwe-lymph node
• ukhohlokhohlo
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• jaundice kunye
• ukuvuvukala kwentliziyo okanye imisipha yamathambo.

Abahambi bangaphandle basemngciphekweni ngakumbi

I-Toxoplasmosis inokuba yinto engapheliyo - oku kunokukhokelela ekuphazamiseni ukuhamba kunye nokuxhuzula, izikhalazo zesisu, ukubhitya, kunye nokudumba kwamehlo. Kodwa: Isifo esingapheliyo sinokuthi senzeke kuphela kwiikati ezinokuphazamiseka kwe-immune system.

Njengezinye izilwanyana, inzala yeekati inokosuleleka ngaphakathi kwesibeleko. Imiphumo enokwenzeka kukuphuphuma kwezisu okanye umonakalo kwikati.

Iindaba ezilungileyo: emva kosulelo, iikati zihlala zikhuselekile ubomi bonke. Iikati zikholisa ukosuleleka ngokutya iimpuku ezosulelekileyo njengeempuku. Ke ngoko, iikati zangaphandle zinokuchaphazeleka ngakumbi kuneekati zangaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, nekati yasekhaya inokosuleleka - ukuba itya inyama ekrwada, enentsholongwane.

Abantu Basoloko Bosulelwa Ngokutya

Abantu nabo badla ngokusuleleka ngokutya. Kwelinye icala, oku kunokuba yinyama yezilwanyana ezosulelekileyo. Kwelinye icala, abantu bangosulelwa ziziqhamo nemifuno ekhula kufutshane nomhlaba. Into efihlakeleyo: Iintsholongwane ziyosulela emva kosuku olunye ukuya kwentlanu kwihlabathi langaphandle, kodwa ziphila ixesha elide kakhulu – zisenosulelo oluya kutsho kwiinyanga ezili-18 kwindawo efanelekileyo efana nomhlaba ofumileyo okanye isanti. Kwaye ke ungene kwiziqhamo kunye nemifuno.

Ibhokisi yenkunkuma inokuba ngumthombo wosulelo - ukuba ayicocwa yonke imihla. Kuba iintsholongwane zisulela emva kosuku ukuya kwentlanu. Kwimeko yezilwanyana zangaphandle, umngcipheko wokosuleleka unokulala egadini okanye kwiibhokisi zesanti.

Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90 yepesenti abanazo iimpawu

Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu phakathi kosulelo kunye nokuqala kwesi sifo. Abantwana okanye abantu abadala abanamajoni omzimba asempilweni abaluva usulelo. Ngokuchanekileyo: Kwi-80 ukuya kwi-90 ipesenti yabachaphazelekayo, akukho zimpawu.

Inxalenye encinci yabo bosulelekileyo iba neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane kunye nokudumba kunye nokudumba kwee-lymph nodes - ngakumbi kwindawo yentloko kunye nentamo. Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuvuvukala kwe-retina yeso okanye i-encephalitis ingenzeka. Oku kunokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni kunye nokunyuka kokutyekela ekubanjweni, umzekelo.

Kwelinye icala, abantu ababuthathaka okanye abanenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela eye yacinezelwa ngamayeza basengozini. Usulelo lunokusebenza kuzo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukosuleleka kwezicubu zemiphunga okanye ukudumba kwengqondo kunokukhula. Izigulana eziye zafakelwa uqhaqho okanye ezosulelwe yi-HIV, zisemngciphekweni ngakumbi.

Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo baseMngciphekweni Ngokukodwa

Nangona kunjalo, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana babo abangekazalwa ngabona basemngciphekweni kakhulu: usana olungekazalwa lunokudibana nentsholongwane egazini likamama – kwaye lubangele ukuba umntwana ongekazalwa, umzekelo, abe namanzi entloko enomonakalo wobuchopho. Abantwana banokuza ehlabathini beyimfama okanye bengeva, kwaye bekhula ngokucothayo nangeemoto. Ukudumba kweretina yeliso nako kunokukhokelela kubumfama emva kweenyanga okanye iminyaka. Ukuphunyelwa sisisu nako kunokwenzeka.

Ukuba ngaba abafazi abakhulelweyo bachaphazeleka kaninzi kangakanani akucaci ngokupheleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-Robert Koch Institute (RKI) ibhala kuphononongo ukuba kukho phantse i-1,300 ebizwa ngokuba "i-fetal infections" minyaka yonke - oko kukuthi, usulelo lusuka kumama lusiya emntwaneni. Isiphumo kukuba malunga nama-345 abantwana abasanda kuzalwa bazalwa beneempawu zeklinikhi ze-toxoplasmosis. Ngokwahlukileyo, nangona kunjalo, zi-8 kuphela iimeko ze-23 ezixelwe kwi-RKI. Isigqibo seengcali sithi: “Oku kubonisa ukungaxelwa okukhulu kwesi sifo kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa.”

Yiphephe Inyama Ekrwada

Ngoko ke, abafazi abakhulelweyo bafanele baziphephe iibhokisi zokulahla inkunkuma, ukwenza isitiya, nenyama ekrwada yaye bathobele imithetho ethile yococeko. IRobert Koch Institute iyacebisa:

• Musa ukutya inyama ekrwada okanye engatshisi ngokwaneleyo okanye ekhenkcezisiweyo (umzekelo inyama ecoliweyo okanye isoseji ekrwada engekavuthwa ngokwaneleyo).
• Hlamba imifuno ekrwada kunye neziqhamo ngocoselelo phambi kokuba utye.
• Ukuhlamba izandla ngaphambi kokutya.
• Ukuhlamba izandla emva kokulungisa inyama ekrwada, emva kokulima, intsimi okanye ezinye izinto zomhlaba, nasemva kokutyelela amabala emidlalo esanti.
• Xa ugcina ikati ekhaya kwindawo ekufutshane yowesifazane okhulelweyo, ikati kufuneka yondliwe ngamathini kunye / okanye ukutya okomileyo. Iibhokisi zenkunkuma, ngakumbi iikati ezigcinwe zikhululekile, kufuneka zihlanjululwe imihla ngemihla ngamanzi atshisayo ngabasetyhini abangakhulelwanga.

Kukho uvavanyo lwe-antibody lwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukuze babonwe kwangoko. Ngale ndlela, kunokumiselwa ukuba ngaba umfazi okhulelweyo sele enosulelo okanye sele esulelekile ngoku. Kuphela: Uvavanyo lolunye lweenkonzo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-hedgehog, ngoko ke abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka bahlawule i-euro ezingama-20 ngokwabo.

Ingxabano ngoVavanyo lwe-Antibody

Kuba usulelo olubukhali lwe-toxoplasmosis lungonakalisa kakhulu umntwana ongekazalwa, abafazi abakhulelweyo bayakuvuyela ukuhlawulela uvavanyo, oluxabisa malunga nee-euro ezingama-20, bephuma epokothweni yabo. Ii-inshurensi zempilo zihlawulela uvavanyo kuphela ukuba ugqirha unokukrokra okufanelekileyo nge-toxoplasmosis.

I-IGeL Monitor isanda kulinganisa izibonelelo zolu vavanyo "njengokungacacanga", njengoko i-German Medical Journal ibhala. "Akukho zifundo ezibonisa inzuzo kumama nomntwana," zatsho izazinzulu ze-IGEL. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lunokukhokelela kwiziphumo zobuxoki kunye neziphumo zobuxoki. Oku kuya kukhokelela ekulandeleni iimviwo ezingeyomfuneko okanye unyango olungeyomfuneko. Kodwa: Iqela le-IGEL lifumene "izibonakaliso ezibuthathaka" ukuba, xa kwenzeka usulelo lokuqala nge-toxoplasmosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, unyango lwangaphambili lweziyobisi lunokunciphisa imiphumo yempilo kumntwana.

Umbutho wobuchwephesha wee-gynecologists ugxeke ingxelo kwaye wagxininisa ukuba i-RKI iyibona isengqiqweni kwaye iyanqweneleka ukumisela imeko ye-antibody yabasetyhini ngaphambi okanye kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka ekukhulelweni.

Yaye uBarmer uncomela oku: “Ukuba ibhinqa elikhulelweyo lasulelwa yi<em>toxoplasmosis pathogens, ulwelo lwe<em>amniotic lufanele luxilongwe. Ibonisa ukuba umntwana ongekazalwa sele esulelekile na. Ukuba uyathandabuza, ugqirha unokusebenzisa intambo yegazi kwi-fetus ukukhangela i-pathogen. Olunye utshintsho lwamalungu olubangelwa yi-toxoplasmosis lunokuthi lubonakaliswe kumntwana ongekazalwa nge-ultrasound. ”