UMary Allen
Ibuzi sisilo-qabane esikrelekrele kwaye sihlala nabantu kakhulu esithanda ukunxibelelana kunye nokuhlola nabanini baso.
Iimeko zezindlu ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokudala iingxaki zokuziphatha kwiimpuku ezincinci ezifana neempuku zesilwanyana sasekhaya. Ukuba abanini banolwazi olubanzi malunga nokufuywa kwezilwanyana kwi-protégés zabo, oku kukhuthaza impilo yabo.
Inkqubo
Iimpuku ze-odolo (i-Rodentia) - izalamane eziphantsi kweempuku (iMyomorpha) - iimpuku ezinomsila omude kusapho (Muridae) - iimpuku zohlobo (iRattus) - iintlobo zempuku ezimdaka Rattus norvegicus
Izinto ozilindile emhlabane
malunga neenyanga ezi-21-48
Ukukhula
emva kweentsuku ezingama-40-70
imvelaphi
Impuku yanamhlanje yehla kwimpuku emdaka ( Rattus norvegicus ), eyafunyanwa ekuqaleni eMpuma Asia. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuphezulu kweempuku ezimdaka ngoku zisasazeke kwihlabathi jikelele. Ukufuywa kwasekhaya kwaqala ngenkulungwane ye-19 xa zazikhuliswa zaza zasetyenziswa njengezilwanyana zokulinga. Ke ngoko, zikwabizwa ngokuba “ziimpuku zaselabhoratri”. Kwixesha elalandelayo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zemibala ezininzi nangakumbi (“iimpuku ezifuywayo) zavela ngokufuya ekujoliswe kuzo. Emva kodumo oluthile olwathi lwafunyanwa yimpuku ngentshukumo yepunk ngeminyaka yee-1980s, ngoku zimiselwe ngokuqinileyo njengesilo-qabane esithandwayo kunyango lwezilwanyana.
Indlela yokuziphatha ekuhlaleni
Iimpuku zihlalisana kakhulu kwaye kufuneka zigcinwe zingamaqela amathathu ubuncinane. Isimo sengqondo sokuba wedwa sifanele sigqalwe njengesichasene nentlalo-ntle yezilwanyana. Iimpuku zibonisa iindlela ezininzi zokuziphatha zentlalo ezifana nokukhasa ngaphezulu kwenye, ukulungisana, kunye nokulala kunye nokudibana ngokomzimba. Ngokumalunga nokugcinwa kweemeko, ukugcinwa kwepakethe kunye nesakhiwo esixubileyo seminyaka (ingakumbi kumadoda) kuyacetyiswa. Izilwanyana ezincinci kufuneka zihlale zidibaniswe kwiqela elitsha ngababini ukuze babe neqabane lokudlala elineminyaka efanayo kunye nentlalontle ilula. Ungquzulwano lwemimandla lunokuncitshiswa ngoqeqesho olunenyameko lwendawo yokuhlala ngokutshintshiselana ngevumba kunye nokuhlanganisana “kwindawo engathathi hlangothi”.
isondlo
Impuku yimpuku. Ngelixa iigundane ezimdaka zihlala kwimijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka kunye neendawo zokulahla umhlaba, oko akuthethi ukuba unokondla inkunkuma yezilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nentsalela. NgokoMthetho weNtlalontle yeziLwanyana, abanini bezilwanyana zasekhaya banyanzelekile ukuba bondle izilwanyana zabo ngokweentlobo zazo. Iimpuku ezifuywayo ke ngoko kufuneka zinikwe ukutya kweempuku ezithengiswayo kunye nemifuno neziqhamo ezitsha. Ukongeza, umntu kufuneka ondle inani elincinci leprotheyini yezilwanyana, umz. B. iqanda elibilisiweyo, iqhekezana letshizi eqinileyo, ithisipuni e-1 yeyogathi yendalo, ukutya okuvela kwizinambuzane, okanye ukutya okomileyo kwenja (jonga kwakhona iingcebiso TVT). Unako kwakhona ukondla amacandelo anemfuno ephezulu yokukrazula, umzekelo, amantongomane angapelwanga, ii-noodle ezingaphekwanga, kunye namasetyana amaxesha ngamaxesha ukwenzela ukuba amazinyo akhule ngasemva akwazi ukukhuhla.
Ukutya kufuneka kuqhutyekwe kunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengqesho kunye namathoyizi okutya okanye afihliweyo kwaye asasazwe ekufuyeni. Ngokukodwa xa zigcinwe kwiipakethe, iindawo ezininzi zokutyisa kunye nokunkcenkceshela kufuneka zenziwe zifumaneke ukuphepha ungquzulwano
Ukugcina
Ekubeni iimpuku zidla ngokusebenza kakhulu, zifuna eyona ndawo inkulu yezindlu ezinobungakanani obungama-100 x 50 x 100 cm (L x W x H) ukuya kutsho kwiimpuku ezintathu. Inqaba ubuncinane ye-80 x 50 x 120 cm inokwenzeka (incomo ye-TVT). Indawo nganye yezindlu kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngezinto ezininzi zokusingqongileyo. Oku kubandakanya, umzekelo, izindlu ezininzi zokulala, iileli, iintambo, ii-hammocks, kunye nebhafu yesanti enesanti ye-chinchilla. Kodwa ikwabandakanya i-hay, ingca, iityhubhu zekhadibhodi, i-cellulose, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezidlayo. Iindlwana zokulala ezikumgangatho ophezulu zihlala zikhethwa kwaye kufuneka zibe nomgangatho othambileyo, ogutyungelwe (zibonelele ngempahla yokuzalela).
Ekubeni iimpuku ziyakuthanda ukuhlamba kwaye zikwazi ukuqubha, unokuseta amachibi angekho nzulu azaliswe ngamanzi kwaye uzinike amathuba okuqubha. Nangona kunjalo, izilwanyana kufuneka zifune amanzi ngokuzithandela kwaye azifakwanga nje emanzini anzulu kwaye zinyanzelwe ukuba zidade. Ngoko ke iirempu ziyafuneka. Ngokwendalo, iimpuku zenza umngxuma malunga ne-40 cm ubunzulu, oquka inkqubo yetonela enamasebe amaninzi, iindlwane ezininzi kunye namagumbi okuhlala, kunye neetonela ezininzi ezingaboniyo. Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ugcina izilwanyana zasekhaya, umz. B. ngokubonelela ngebhafu enkulu engene nzulu.
Ngenxa yomqolo we-convex kunye nemisila emide, amavili asebenzayo aqhelekileyo awafanelekanga kwiigundane kwaye kufuneka adimazeke. Iibhola zokubaleka okanye zokubaleka zibalulekile kwintlalontle yezilwanyana. Ngenxa yamehlo azo abuthathaka, iimpuku ze-albino akufuneki zibekwe kwilanga elithe ngqo/ukukhanya kwaye kufuneka zigcinwe kumagumbi amnyama. Oku kusebenza nakwezinye izilwanyana ze-albino.
Iingxaki zokuziphatha
Uninzi lweengxaki zokuziphatha ezinokwenzeka kwiimpuku zaziwa ngokufuywa kwezilwanyana elabhoratri. I-Intraspecific aggression ixhaphakile, ngakumbi xa intlalontle okanye xa iimeko zezindlu ziphantsi. Ngenxa yokuba izilwanyana zaselabhoratri kaninzi azigcinwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga okuphindaphindayo (ARV) kulindelekile kwiimeko ezininzi. Kodwa ii-ARVs zinokubangelwa kukugcinwa kwezilwanyana zasekhaya ngenxa yeemeko zokugcinwa kakubi. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlaselwa ngokuzenzekelayo, i-trichotillomania, ukutya okunoboya bezinto ezibonakalayo, ukukrwela iikona, kunye nokukrazula imivalo (ungabhidaniswa nokufuna ingqalelo). I-Krone okanye i-cannibalism nayo inokwenzeka ukuba indawo incinci kakhulu okanye ukuba ubuninzi bomsebenzi buphezulu kakhulu.
Umbuzo obuzwa rhoqo
Ikrelekrele kangakanani impuku?
Iimpuku zikrelekrele, ziyaguquguquka, zinobume bentlalo obuphucukileyo, kwaye zizimisele kakhulu ukuzala. Yiyo loo nto besasazeke kulo lonke ihlabathi.
Ingaba iimpuku zezabasaqalayo?
Ipakethe encinci yeegundane ezi-3 ilungele abaqalayo. Ukuze bazive bekhululekile yaye bekhuselekile xa bekunye nawe, bafuna ikhaya elitofotofo.
Ndiyenza njani impuku yam?
Zama ukunika impuku yakho indongomane okanye iqhekeza lesiqhamo ngaphakathi kwekheji. Xa izinto zihamba kakuhle, zidla esandleni sakho. Ukuba ayisebenzi okokuqala, yiba nomonde kwaye ngokucothayo ubeke unyango ekhejini – uya kulufumana.
Ngaba iimpuku ezifuywayo kulula ukuzigcina?
Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ingcono yokugcina iimpuku?
Ukuba uthanda ukuthula ebusuku, akufanele ubeke ikheji kwigumbi lakho lokulala. Iimpuku ziphaphama kakhulu ebusuku, zileqana ekhejini okanye zigquma ngamandla ngaphakathi. Ikheji kufuneka icocwe ubuncinane kanye ngeveki. Iimpuku ziyayithanda icocekile.
Ngaba uyakwazi ukugona neempuku?
Ukuthetha ngokuwola: iimpuku ziyakuthanda ukugoba. Ngoko banike ubuncinane indlu enye encinane apho banokufumana indawo kunye. Ngelixa wamkelekile ukutshintshisa ezinye izinto, indlu yokulala eqhelekileyo kufuneka ihlale ikwindawo enye. intliziyo nengqondo yezilwanyana.
Ngaba ufanele uhlambe iimpuku?
Ngenxa yokuba iimpuku zizigcina zicocekile ngokulungisa kakhulu uboya bazo, akuyomfuneko ukuba zihlanjwe yaye akufuneki zihlanjwe. Yinto engekho ngqiqweni ukufuna ukuhlamba iimpuku (ingakumbi iinkunzi) ngenxa yevumba lazo lohlobo oluthile.
Impuku ifuna ukulala kangakanani?
Impuku sisilwanyana sasebusuku kwaye ubukhulu becala silala emini. Ukurekhodwa kokulala kwiiyure ezingama-24 kubonise ukuba impuku ilala malunga neeyure ezili-12 ngosuku. Kwezi, iiyure ezilishumi yi-non-REM sleep kwaye iiyure ezimbini yi-REM.