UMary Allen
Iikati zibona ihlabathi ngokwahlukileyo kakhulu kunabantu. Funda apha ukuba ikati ibona imibala enjani, kutheni iikati zihamba kakuhle ngorhatya kwaye zeziphi iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zeliso lekati.
Umtsalane wamehlo ekati ulele ngakumbi "kumfanekiso wekati" wethu kuneyona nxalenye yoluvo lwekati, olufana ngokusisiseko nolwakhiwo kwiliso lomntu.
Xa sithetha nje, iliso laso sonke isilwanyana esanyisayo sinomngxuma (umfundi) apho ukukhanya kuwela kwilensi. Imitha yokukhanya ihlanjululwa yi-lens kwaye, emva kokudlula kwigumbi elimnyama (umzimba we-vitreous), iwela kwinqanaba elikhanyayo (i-retina). Apho ifika kumfanekiso wento ebonwayo.
Iikati Ziyakwazi Ukuyibona Le Mibala
Umhlaba wekati mhlawumbi ungwevu kancinci kunewethu. I-receptors kwiliso lekati zenziwe ngeecones ezimbalwa, eziziseli ezivumela ukuba sibone umbala. Iikati nazo azinazo ezo cones zinovelwano kukukhanya okubomvu. Ngokomzekelo, ikati iyakwazi ukwahlula phakathi kohlaza noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa ibona ubomvu kuphela njengemithunzi engwevu.
Ukubuyisela, ikati ine "iintonga" ezininzi ezijongene nokukhanya kokukhanya kunye nokukhanya okumnyama. Ukongeza, ikati iyinkosi "yeliso elikhawulezayo". Izamkeli ezikhethekileyo ezisemehlweni akhe zisebenza njengezixhobo zokujonga intshukumo yaye zimenza akwazi ukusabela ngesantya sombane. Ukongeza, iikati zibona iintshukumo ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi. Banokuqhuba iifreyimu ezininzi ngesekhondi kunabantu.
Uphononongo olwenziwa yiZoological Institute eMainz lubonise ukuba umbala oluhlaza ngowona mbala uthandwayo kwiikati ezininzi. Ukuze zifike ekutyeni, iikati kwakufuneka zikhethe phakathi komthubi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ama-95% akhethe luhlaza!
Amehlo ekati Makhulu xa ethelekiswa neliso lomntu
Ngobubanzi obuyi-21 mm, iliso lekati likhulu - xa kuthelekiswa, amehlo omntu omkhulu kakhulu afikelela kububanzi obuyi-24 mm kuphela.
Ukongezelela, iliso lekati libonakala liqinile. Thina bantu siqhele ukubona into eninzi emhlophe emehlweni abantu bakuthi. Xa abantu betshintsha indlela abajonga ngayo, kubonakala ngathi iris ihamba ngaphaya kwendawo emhlophe yeliso. Kwikati, umhlophe ufihliwe kwisokisi yamehlo. Ukuba ikati iyatshintsha indlela ejonge kuyo, asiyiboni into “emhlophe” kwaye sikholelwa ukuba amehlo amile.
Abafundi, abanokuthi bacuthe ukuya kwi-slits ezithe nkqo, aboyiki kwabanye abantu kuba bakhumbuza amehlo e-reptilian. Ngapha koko, ikati enaba bafundi bathe nkqo inokuthabatha izehlo zokukhanya ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi kunokuba thina bantu sinabafundi bethu abakwisetyhula kwaye ke sinokwenza ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kokukhanya kwesiganeko.
Yiyo loo nto iikati zibona kakuhle ngorhatya
Amehlo ekati ayaziwa ngokukwazi ukubonakalisa. Iikati zidlula ngokuphindwe kahlanu ukuya kathandathu ukukhanya okungaphantsi kunabantu, nto leyo eluncedo kakhulu xa zizingela ngorhatya. Esinye sezizathu zolu “clairvoyance” kwiikati yi“tapetum lucidum”, umaleko obonakalayo kwiretina yekati. Lo maleko weliso lekati usebenza “njengesikhanyisi sokukhanya esishiyekileyo” ngokubonisa imitha yokukhanya yaye ngaloo ndlela uvuselela iiseli zekati ezibonayo kwakhona.
Ilensi yayo enkulu inegalelo ekusetyenzisweni ngcono kwesibane. Ngapha koko, iikati zineeseli ezingeva kukukhanya ngokuphindwe kabini kunabantu. Yiyo loo nto iikati zikwazi ukubona kakuhle ngorhatya. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kubekho ukukhanya okuncinci, ebumnyameni obupheleleyo ikati ayikwazi ukubona nantoni na.
Njengoko amehlo ekati ebonakala ekukhanyeni, ayiboni i-pin-Sharp. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanako ukulungelelanisa amehlo abo kwimigama kwaye, kwelinye icala, bane-angle enkulu ye-visual acuity xa kuthelekiswa nabantu. I-angle ye-acuity acuity ngumlinganiselo wokukwazi ukwahlula amanqaku amabini asondelene kunye.