UMary Allen
Iikati zethu ziyandala. Kuhle, kunjalo, kuba kukunika ixesha elingakumbi kunye. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ixesha lokuphila lisanda, iikati nazo zinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nomhlaza.
Ngokomgaqo, umhlaza unokwenzeka kwiikati zayo nayiphi na iminyaka. Noko ke, izilwanyana ezindala zisengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza: Ngokwezibalo, ama-50 ekhulwini azo zonke iikati ezingaphezu kweminyaka eli-10 ubudala ziba nomhlaza. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisa iikati eziphezulu kugqirha wezilwanyana ubuncinane rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuze kubonwe umhlaza onokubakho kwangethuba.
Ukuphuhliswa kwamathumba kukwabonakaliswa ngokuthandwa kwiikati zayo yonke iminyaka ngezi zinto zintlanu zilandelayo:
Ukutshayela Ukutshaya
Ukutshaya ukutshaya kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza kwiikati! Olunye uphononongo lufumene ukuba umngcipheko onxulumene nomhlaza wemiphunga kwiikati ezihlala kwikhaya elitshayayo wawuphindwe ngama-2.4 aphezulu kuneekati ezihlala kumakhaya angatshayiyo. Kwiikati eziye zavezwa ukutshaya iminyaka eyi-5 okanye ngaphezulu, ingozi yanda i-3.2-fold (BERTONE et al., 2002).
Ukukhanya kwelanga
Ukuvezwa kukukhanya kwe-UV kunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni i-squamous cell carcinoma. Uphononongo lwaseMelika lubonise ukuba iikati ezimhlophe eCalifornia zinengozi ye-13.4 ephezulu yokuphuhlisa ithumba elibi lesikhumba kuneekati ezineengubo ezinemibala (DORN et al., 1971). Uphononongo lwamva luqinisekisile ukuba ezininzi iikati ezine-squamous cell carcinoma zineemeko ezimhlophe (LANA et al., 1997).
Ukuzikhusela, ingakumbi iikati ezimhlophe akufunekanga zichithe ixesha elininzi elangeni, ingakumbi phakathi kwentsimbi yeshumi ukuya kweyesibini malanga xa ilanga liphezulu kwaye imitha yalo iyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba ikati iphumile kwaye ininzi emini, iindlebe kunye neempumlo kufuneka zifakwe i-cream cream kunye ne-sunscreen efanelekileyo kwiikati. Kubanquli belanga kwifestile yefestile, kuyafaneleka ukuthenga ifilimu yokukhusela ilanga kwiglasi.
Umothuko kunye nokudumba okungapheliyo
Zombini ukwenzakala kunye nokudumba okungapheliyo kunokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwe-sarcomas, oko kukuthi, iithumba ezinobungozi zonxibelelwano, ukuxhasa okanye izicubu zomzimba. Ngokomzekelo, uphando lubonise ukuba iikati ze-13 ezineenguqu ze-ocular tumorous ziye zahlaselwa zizifo zamehlo kwixesha elidlulileyo (DUBIELZIG et al., 1990). Kolunye uphononongo, iikati ezi-4 kwezingama-36 ezinomhlaza wamathambo zafunyaniswa ukuba zibuyele ekuqhekekeni okunyangwa nge-osteosynthesis (KESSLER et al., 1997).
Ukudumba kukwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ithumba, umzekelo kwi-feline injection-associated fibrosarcoma (FISS). I-injection ye-subcutaneous kunye ne-intramuscular ingabangela ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo kwiikati, ezinokuqhubela phambili kwi-FISS (HAUCK, 2003).
Izifo zentsholongwane
I-feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) kunye ne-feline leukemia virus (FeLV) yimiba ebalulekileyo yengozi ekuphuhliseni i-lymphoma (i-tumors of the lymphoid tissue). Iikati ezine-feline positive zinamathuba angama-60 amathuba okuba ziphuhlise i-lymphoma kuneekati I-FeLV-negative conspecifics. Kwimeko yeekati ezinosulelo lwe-FIV, ithuba lokuphuhlisa i-tumor liphindwe kahlanu ukuya kwesithandathu (SHELTON et al., 1990).
IHormones
IiHormones zidlala indima ekuphuhliseni i-feline mammary carcinomas (umhlaza webele) ekungafuneki ukuba ijongelwe phantsi. Iikati eziziimazi ezingafakwanga zigula rhoqo kuneekati eziziimazi ezingekabina-neutered. I-Queens ehlaselwe ngaphambi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala inomngcipheko ophantsi wama-91% womhlaza wamabele kuneekumkanikazi ezingekazalwa. Ukuba i-neutered phakathi kweenyanga ze-6 kunye ne-1 unyaka, umngcipheko uncitshiswe ngu-86% (OVERLEY et al., 2005).
Ukulawulwa rhoqo kweprogestins ("ipilisi yekati"), umzekelo ukucinezela ukushisa, kuhambelana nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza webele kwiikati zabasetyhini. Nakuba kunjalo, oku akubonakali kunjalo xa ulawulo lumane lusenzeka (MISDORP et al., 1991).