UMary Allen
Kukho iintsomi ezingenakubalwa kunye neengcebiso zokhathalelo malunga nedama kunye nokhathalelo lwamachibi. Abanye balungile, abanye unokulibala ngokukhuselekileyo. Ungafumanisa kuthotho lwethu iintsomi echibini ukuba ukutya cheap komgangatho olungileyo, nokuba koi ukuziqhelanisa nobungakanani ichibi, kwaye ungafumana njani ukubamba algae.
Kukho iintsomi ezingenakubalwa zamachibi. Abanye balungile, abanye unokulibala ngokukhuselekileyo.
Intsomi inombolo 1: iintlanzi zilungelelanisa ubungakanani bedama
I-Goldfish kunye ne-Koi ngoku zikhuliswa ngemibala engenakubalwa kunye neemo ezingaqhelekanga. Ezinye zazo zihle kangangokuba omnye okanye omnye umhlobo wedama akakwazi ukuthi "hayi", nangona umthengisi wevenkile yezilwanyana ezifuywayo wabonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba kunokwenzeka ubungakanani bokugqibela bezilwanyana. Nokuba isiziba sakho siqu sineelitha ezingama-300 kuphela, umzekelo, iKoi encinci kufuneka igoduke nawe. Ummelwane wakhe wathi: iintlanzi zilungelelanisa ubukhulu bazo echibini. Nangona kunjalo, le ngcinga ayilunganga. Iintlanzi azinamsebenzi wokulawula ukulungelelanisa ukukhula kwazo kwimekobume yazo. Kodwa kutheni enye intlanzi echibini elikhulu evela kummelwane inkulu kakhulu kuneentlanzi zakho kwi-balcony echibini, nangona intlanzi ivela kumthengisi ofanayo?
Kwimizimba emincinci yamanzi, izinto ezikhuthaza ukukhula, ezifana neeminerali kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo, zisetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza, njengoko ubuninzi beempahla buhlala buphezulu kakhulu. Indawo yokuqubha isoloko inqabile, ukuze ukuqubha okuvuyisayo kujikeleze, okukhuthaza ukugaya kunye nemetabolism, akunakwenzeka. Izinto ezinciphisa ukukhula kweentlanzi nazo ziqokelelana ngokukhawuleza. Ngokukodwa, imveliso yokuphela kwe-metabolic yesihluzi, i-nitrate, inoxanduva lophuhliso olubi kumanani aphezulu (ngaphezu kwe-50mg / l). Kumachibi amakhulu ngokwaneleyo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwendawo, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokutyala izityalo ezonakalisayo ze-nitrate okanye ukusebenzisa amatye okuhombisa iminerali. "Uphuhliso olungalunganga" yinkcazo efanelekileyo ngakumbi yale ntsomi.
Intsomi inombolo 2: iimveliso zesikhumba zikhemikhali kwaye ziyingozi
"Andingomntu othanda ikhemistri echibini" - umntu ufunda kwaye eve rhoqo kwiiforamu okanye iincoko phakathi kwabanini bamachibi. Kodwa ngaba ngokwenene i-chemistry esiyigalela echibini ngendlela yomgubo okanye ulwelo njengemveliso yokunyamekela? "Amayeza e-80s" ayesoloko esisiseko sekhemikhali kwaye ayenenjongo kuphela yokubulala i-algae spores kunye nokucacisa amanzi ixesha elide. Ngelishwa, la mayeza atshabalalisa ii-microorganisms ezibalulekileyo. Kangangeminyaka emininzi ngoku, lo mkhwa ubusiya kwicala lendalo yobomi. Ishishini lakhawuleza laqaphela lo mkhwa kwaye lizalisekisa iminqweno yabathengi balo, nangenxa yokuba imeko yomthetho inikezelwe ngokucacileyo kulondolozo lwendalo kwaye izithako ezininzi ezisebenzayo "ezindala" azivumelekanga minyaka le. Amalungiselelo anamhlanje asebenza kunye nendalo kwaye akhuthaze iinkqubo zebhayoloji.
Uninzi lwababulali bale mihla kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo zibandakanya izinto zendalo ezizisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwamanzi kuba ngaphambili bekukho ubudlelwane obungalinganiyo phakathi kokungena kokungcola kunye nokuthotywa. Izithako eziphambili, umzekelo, i-monolinuron kunye ne-sulfate yethusi. Ubhedu sisiseko sokwakha esibalulekileyo ebomini. Ifumaneka kwinani elikhulu lokutya, njengentlanzi, izibilini ezityebileyo, amandongomane, ikofu, kunye nemifuno. Nditsho neOfisi yeFederale yoVavanyo loMngcipheko icebisa ukuthathwa kwemihla ngemihla. Ubhedu lukwadityaniswe ngamabom kwiifidi ezininzi ze-koi kunye ne-goldfish ukuze kuthintelwe iimpawu zokunqongophala. Ekugxineni okwandisiweyo kancinci, nangona kunjalo, ayihambelani ne-algae yakudala kwaye ikhokelela ekufeni.
Ezinye iiparamitha zamanzi nazo ziyalungiswa kwaye zigcinwe ngendlela yendalo. Ubunzima bamanzi kunye nexabiso le-pH liphathwa nge-bicarbonate kunye ne-calcium, amalungiselelo okuthintela i-algae nawo asekelwe kwiiminerali, i-sludge remover kunye ne-booster yokucoca iquka iibhaktheriya zokucoca "ezilungileyo". Xa uthenga iimveliso kubathengisi baseJamani, unokufikelela kuzo ngesazela esicocekileyo, nje ukuba ulandela imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa.
Intsomi inombolo 3: ichibi lizivuselela ngokwalo
Ewe kwaye hayi! Ukucacisa oku, sithatha ichibi njengomzekelo: Kukho izityalo ebhankini. Ekwindla amagqabi abuna, awela emanzini, azike emhlabeni, apho athi ngokuthe ngcembe aphulwe ziibhaktheriya ezikumaleko angqindilili weemitha ze-substrate kwaye akhuphe izondlo emanzini ezithi ekugqibeleni zisetyenziswe bubulwelwe. Inkqubo yokuthotywa itya iiminerali eziphinde zinyibilikiswe lilitye lendalo elunxwemeni okanye kwibhedi yechibi kwaye ziyafumaneka kwi-ecosystem kwakhona. Ubudlelwane phakathi kobuninzi beentlanzi kunye nomthamo wamanzi awulingani, ngoko intlanzi idada kwiilitha ezininzi zamanzi. Ubunzulu bechibi obuziimitha ezingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu buqinisekisa ukusasazwa kwendawo yobushushu kubo bonke abahlali kwaye bukhusela ekushiseni kakhulu.
Noko ke, echibini, amanzi ahlulwe ngokungenakufikeleleka kwindalo esingqongileyo yi-pool liner. Imithombo yendalo yezondlo zendalo, ngoko ke, ayikho. Kukho ukunqongophala ko maleko obungqingqwa obuziimitha zentlenga, ukuze inkunkuma ingabinako ukuphinda isetyenziswe ngokwaneleyo, iqokelele, nokudale iimeko zemozulu ezimbi. Uninzi lwamachibi lukwa (kakhulu) luzele ziintlanzi. Inkqubo yokususa ubumdaka kufuneka igcinwe iguquguquka ngokupheleleyo, njenge-injini ekujuleni ngokupheleleyo.
Ezi meko zikhokelela "ekusetyenzisweni" okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinto ezibalulekileyo, apho abathandi bamachibi abafane bangeze inani elaneleyo. Inkqubo ayijikelezi kwaye ikhokelela ekuweni ngaphandle kokulungiswa "kokwenziwa". Ezi zilungiso ziyimfuneko kuba yonke ichibi yemveli eyenziwe nge-liner echibini, inkqubo yokucoca, njl. Kukho amachibi achume iminyaka emininzi ngaphandle kokhathalelo olubanzi (iimveliso), kodwa oku kubamba iingozi ezihlala zijongelwa phantsi. Ngaxa lithile, izondlo zokuqala zisetyenziswa phezulu, ukuze ichibi lithambe ubusuku bonke.
Ukuthintela njani konke? Yenza uvavanyo lwamanzi rhoqo (iveki ukuya ngenyanga), wenze utshintsho olwaneleyo lwamanzi (malunga ne-10% ngenyanga), kwaye uqinisekise ubulukhuni bamanzi obaneleyo (KH ubuncinane be-5 °).
Intsomi yesi-4: Ukutya kuyafana nokutya
Ngokuqinisekileyo ungazondla iintlanzi zakho ngokutya okunexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa ukuba uyazibuza ukuba kutheni abanye behlawula kakhulu ngokutya echibini, impendulo ilula: Ukutya okunexabiso eliphantsi kunexabiso eliphantsi!
Ukutya okuphakathi ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu lamaxabiso kubiza imali encinci kuba iprotein njengento ekrwada inexabiso layo. Iprotheyini, le asiyonto intsha ifunyenweyo, inika amandla amaninzi, igaywa lula kumzimba, kwaye ikugcina uzele ixesha elide. I-goldfish efanelekileyo kunye nokutya kwe-koi ngokuqhelekileyo kucinezelwe nge-granulate okanye ifom ye-pellet ukuze amandla aphindwe kashumi afumaneke kwilitha enye yeepellets kunelitha enye yokutya okuncangathi okunogwebu.
Umzekelo: Ukuba ubunokutya izinti ezine ngosuku, iglasi yokudutyulwa ezele yipellet inokwanela ukuhluthisa izilwanyana. Ubungakanani bezinto ezikhutshwayo zisezantsi ngokungqinelanayo njengoko iprotein eneprotein etyebileyo iphantse isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo. Ukulahla okuncinci kuthetha ukungcola okuncinci / izondlo ze-algae, kufuneka uhlambulule isihluzo rhoqo, uchithe imali encinci kwii-anti-algae agents, ubone intlanzi yakho iqubha kumbala omnandi kakhulu, kwaye ube neengxaki ezimbalwa ngokubanzi, ezifana nezifo zentlanzi kunye nodaka. iidiphozithi.
Ingcebiso: Nika ingqalelo kulwazi oluhambelana nobushushu bamanzi ngokutya kwipakethe! Ngokutya okulungileyo, umxholo wezondlo ulungelelaniswa namaxesha onyaka afanelekileyo. Ukutya kwehlobo entwasahlobo kufana ne-pizza enamafutha ngokukhawuleza emva kokutya kwe-zero.
Intsomi inombolo 5: I-Koi ibuthathaka ngakumbi kunentlanzi yegolide
Akulunganga oko! Bafuna phantse amaxabiso amanzi afanayo njengentlanzi yegolide kwaye ziyafana kakhulu. IiKoi zinyanyekelwa kuphela ngendlela engafanelekanga. Kulo mongo, kufuneka wazi ukuba i-Koi ine-metabolism ephezulu kakhulu kunye neemfuno zamandla. Ukuba umgcini we-Koi akayikunikela ingqalelo kule nto kwaye unqabile nje ukutya okanye ukubonelela ngokutya okusemgangathweni, iimpawu zokunqongophala ziyimbangela yokwenene yezifo eziqhelekileyo ezingavamile ukubonwa ngexesha lokuphiliswa. Ubungakanani bokukhula obunokwenzeka bokugqibela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.20 m kunqabile ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo.
Njengomda wechibi elikhulu ngokwaneleyo, kukho imigaqo eyahlukeneyo yesithupha apho isiseko sisekwe: Ichibi le-koi kufuneka libe neelitha ezingama-5,000 ubuncinane. Ekubeni i-Koi zizilwanyana zeqela ezinxibelelana kunye, iqela kufuneka libe nezilwanyana ezi-3-4 ubuncinane. Iilitha ezili-1,000 zigcinelwe isilwanyana ngasinye ukuze iqela le-Koi lidinga i-8,000-9,000 ilitha yendawo. Ngendlela yokuthelekisa, kufuneka kukhankanywe ukuba i-koi enye enobude bomzimba obungama-20 cm ifihla malunga nomlinganiselo ofanayo weefesi njenge-30-50 ye-goldfish yobukhulu obufanayo. Ukuba awuyilungelelanisi inkqubo yokucoca kule milinganiselo, uxinzelelo lwentsholongwane lwamanzi luyanda kakhulu. Igumbi letheko elizele ngumsi nelizele kakhulu liya kuba nemozulu yegumbi elithelekisekayo. Ukuba ulandela la macebiso, i-Koi yakho iya kuhlala isempilweni kwaye ikuxolele ngeempazamo ezincinci zokungakhathali.
Intsomi inombolo 6: Ungasicima isihluzo
Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho izizathu zokucima isihluzo sechibi okwangoku. Ngokwembono yebhayoloji, nangona kunjalo, ezi azinangqiqo konke konke. Ngamanye amaxesha ummelwane wakho unokukhalaza ngengxolo yamanzi, okanye woyika ukuba umbhobho uya kuxhuma ungekho kwaye ichibi liya kuchitha, okanye ufuna nje ukonga umbane kwaye uvumele isihluzo siqhube iiyure. Ngelishwa, ke isihluzo sinesiphumo esincinci kunokuba singayiqhubi kwaphela.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwesihluzo sedama? Izinto zokungcola kunye nenkunkuma zibanjwa ngomatshini kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuhluza. Kwinqanaba lesibini, iibhiliyoni zeebhaktheriya zaphula ezi zidipozithi kunye nezinto eziyityhefu okanye ziguqulelwe kwiimveliso ezingezizo ezinetyhefu. Kwesi sigaba, iibhaktheriya zokucoca zifuna izixa ezikhulu zeoksijini, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu kwazo zonke iintlanzi kunye. Kusenokudlula iiveki ezininzi phambi kokuba ezi nkqubo zisebenze ngokupheleleyo, ngokuzinzileyo nangokusebenzayo. Ukuba amalungiselelo ebhaktheriya aphilayo athathiwe, kwezona meko zilungileyo, kuthatha iiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku.
Ukuba isihluzo ngoku sicinyiwe kube kanye kuphela malunga. Imizuzu engama-30, iibhaktheriya ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza kude kube yimali echithwayo ye-oksijeni (O2) kumanzi amileyo asetyenzisiweyo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iibhaktheriya zifa ngokukhawuleza. Oku kudala ukusabela kwetsheyini kwaye okubizwa ngokuba ngumjikelo wenitrogen uqala ukubaleka ngasemva. Kule meko, i-nitrate engeyona inetyhefu iguqulwa ibuyele kwi-nitrite enetyhefu kakhulu xa kukho ukungabikho kwe-oxygen. Ekubeni i-nitrite-degrading bacteria ngokwayo ayikwazi ukunyamezela ubuninzi bezinto, inkqubo yokufa ikhawuleza. Ngexesha elithile kufika ixesha apho ipompo yokutya iguqulwa kwakhona, umxube we-nitrite enobudlova kunye neebhiliyoni zeebhaktheriya ezifileyo zihlamba kwi-tank yentlanzi kwaye umgangatho wamanzi ungcoliseke kakhulu de amajoni omzimba weentlanzi ahluleke ngexesha elithile.
Isihluzo sintliziyo yedama kwaye kufuneka sisoloko sinikwa ukutya (inkunkuma yentlanzi) kunye neoksijini. Nokuba sele usenza oku ixesha elide kwaye kubonakala ukuba awuboni naziphi na iingxaki, icinezela kakhulu kwaye iyingozi kubo bonke abahlali echibini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi ziphazamiso zikhokelela ekunyukeni kweengxaki ezifana ne-algae, izifo, kunye nokungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo.
Intsomi yesi-7: Amanzi acocekileyo ngamanzi asempilweni
Ngokomgaqo, unokucinga ukuba i-optics ecocekileyo inika kuphela ulwazi oluncinci malunga nobume bamanzi. Ekuphela kolwazi olunokuqondwa kukuba lucacile. Hayi ngaphezulu.
"Izandla ezindala" ngamanye amaxesha zinokufumanisa ngokulula imeko yamanzi kumava angeyonyani okanye kuqwalaselo. Kodwa iimvavanyo zamanzi kuphela ezinokunika iingxelo ezichanekileyo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zoku. Uvavanyo lomcu mhlawumbi yeyona ndlela iphantsi kwaye ilula yokulinganisa. Iimvavanyo zokulahla zichaneke kakhulu, kodwa zibiza phakathi kwe-25 kunye ne-100 ye-euro njengeseti epheleleyo. Iifotomitha eziphathwayo zintsha kwimarike. Ezi zixhobo zifana nelebhu okwangoku zezona ndlela zichanekileyo zokujonga zonke iiparamitha zamanzi ezibalulekileyo. Zifumaneka malunga nee-euro ezingama-300.
Owukhethayo kufuneka ulinganiswe. Nokuba uziphatha ngendlela yobuchwephesha, ixabisa kakhulu kunekoi egulayo, efuna unyango olubanzi lwechiza ngugqirha wezilwanyana oyingcali, okanye i-algae ekufuneka ulwe nonyango, olunokubiza ngaphezulu kwe-euro ezingama-200 ngokukhawuleza (kuxhomekeke ubukhulu bedama). Kwanesilwanyana esinye esifileyo sinokwenzakalisa ngakumbi kunendlela yobunewunewu yokuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi. Abathengisi abaninzi abamileyo abaziingcali banikezela ngohlalutyo lwamanzi njengenkonzo, kodwa bamele umfanekiso okhawulezayo ekufuneka uwubeke iliso rhoqo. Ngoko kusoloko kufanelekile ukuba unezixhobo zokulinganisa eziyimfuneko ezikhoyo.
Intsomi inombolo 8: Kukho iivithamini ezaneleyo kwisondlo sentlanzi
Unokukubona ukutya okumnandi kwedama ngokupakishwa kwayo kakuhle. Ayingeni moya kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, ayikuvumeli ukukhanya kudlule. Ukukhanya kunye nomoya kuxanduva lokuba iivithamini zi-oxidize kwaye ngoko azisekho ngokufanelekileyo njengezondlo. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-package yezothutho ivuliwe okokuqala, le nkqubo eyonakalisayo ivuliwe ngokungenakunqandwa. Ukuhlawulela le ngxaki, isitshizi esifanelekileyo okanye amaconsi amahle okubuyisela i-revitaminating kufuneka abe kuyo yonke ikhabhinethi ye-accessory ye-pool. Ukuba ujonga ngeenxa zonke kwisebe elilungileyo leentlanzi zokuhombisa okanye echibini, uya kufumana isongezelelo sevithamini kwikhawuntara kuba iingcali ziyayazi into ebalulekileyo.
Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba izifo ezininzi zinokuthintelwa ngenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ngokukodwa ukuphuhliswa kombala, ubukhulu be-mucous membrane, kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo kwimeko yeengxaki zamanzi kukhuthazwa kakhulu. Ukuba igcinwe kwindawo epholileyo, uluhlu luziinyanga ezimbalwa, kodwa ubuncinane ixesha lechibi elinye. Nasentlakohlaza, xa amaqondo obushushu anyuka ngokucothayo evuselela inkqubo yemetabolism yentlanzi, kodwa nezifunxi-gazi ziyasebenza, lo mlinganiselo ubaluleke kakhulu kwaye unokwenza umahluko phakathi kwesiqalo esiyimpumelelo kunye nokusilela. Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa: Nokuba wenza idosi yevithamin igxininise ngqo emanzini echibini ukuze ifunxwe ngeegill kunye nenwebu ye-mucous, okanye ubeke isahlulo esiyimfuneko sokutya kwisitya esincinci kwaye utshize okanye utshize kancinci isidlo. Ukunyanga (i-3-4 amaxesha ngeveki) kunconywa entwasahlobo, ehlobo idosi yeveki yanele.
Intsomi ye-9: amanzi emvula akanabungozi
Kakade ke, imvula ewela echibini ngendlela eqhelekileyo ayingomngcipheko omkhulu. Ubuncinci echibini, ubunzima bamanzi alo bujongwa rhoqo kwaye bulungiswe. Kodwa mhlawumbi sele ubonile okanye ufunde kaninzi ukuba uninzi lwabathandi beentlanzi umjelo okanye uqokelela amanzi emvula ngokuthe ngqo echibini ngendlela yokuhambisa amanzi ukuze enze utshintsho olungaphelelanga lwamanzi. “Kwindalo ikwangamanzi emvula!” Yeyona mpikiswano ixhaphakileyo kuyo. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni kwithontsi lemvula ekujikeni kumjelo wemvula?
Kwanakwiatmosfera, ithontsi licholachola amasuntswana ahlukeneyo amdaka kunye nesoot. Ukuba ibethe i-canopy yeshedi yegadi kwaye iqengqeleka phantsi, ihlamba naziphi na iidiphozithi ukusuka eluphahleni ebezisele zenziwe ngaphambili. Mhlawumbi kukho umthi omkhulu wefiresi kanye ecaleni kweshedi yegadi, ekwavumela iinaliti zawo ukuba ziwe eluphahleni. Ngale ndlela, umxube wonke wamasuntswana okungcola kunye nesichumisi se-algae ugxothwa echibini ngendlela egxininisiweyo. Amanzi emvula asenalo ngokukodwa iiminerali ezibalulekileyo, nangona kunjalo, ziyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo ukuze amandla okuzicoca kwamanzi agcinwe. Ukuhlawula, kuya kufuneka ulungelelanise ngokuqhubekayo ubulukhuni be-carbonate, ubophe izondlo ezigqithisileyo ezifana ne-nitrate kunye ne-phosphate ngamalungiselelo afanelekileyo kunye nokuphelisa isinyithi esinzima esiye sakhululwa kwi-gutter yemvula kunye nezikhonkwane zetsimbi ze-canopy yendlu yegadi.
Amanzi etephu acocwe kwangaphambili, ngoko ke, acetyiswa ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka usebenzise i-conditioner yamanzi apha, kodwa ngaphantsi nangaphantsi rhoqo.
Intsomi inombolo 10: isihluzo samachibi amakhulu kuphela
Ubukhulu obuphakathi kunye namachibi amancinci ngokukodwa ahlala esengozini yokuguquguquka kwexabiso lamanzi. Nangona i-H2O ifudumala okanye ibanda ngokucothayo kunomoya, ilanga lasemini enkulu ehlotyeni linokufudumeza ichibi elingekho nzulu ukuya kutsho kuma-30 ° C. Ebusuku, umoya omtsha unokwenza kanye okwahlukileyo. Ekubeni ukuxinana kwabemi kumachibi amaninzi kukwaphezulu kakhulu, ukucoca kunye neenkqubo zokucoca zibaluleke kakhulu apha ukwenzela ukuba imozulu ithwaleke kubo bonke abahlali. Balungisa umonakalo owenziwe kukucaphuka kwendalo.
Kwimeko yamachibi endalo, oko kukuthi, imizimba yamanzi edalwe ngobuqhetseba kodwa inomthamo ongaphezu kweelitha ezingama-5,000, aneendawo ezinkulu ezisezantsi, kwaye atyalwe ngesisa, inkqubo yokucoca ayiyomfuneko kwaphela – okoko nje kukho. akukho mfuneko yamanzi acocekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuphela iintlobo zeentlanzi ezincinci ezifana ne-sticlebacks, i-minnows, i-bitterlings, kunye neegudgeons ezisetyenziswayo. Ezi zihamba kakuhle nokutya kwemvelo kwezinambuzane kunye ne-algae kwaye zomelele, nakwiinyanga zeqabaka. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okwaneleyo ngokusebenzisa iimpompo ezijikelezayo okanye amatye omoya.