UMary Allen
Xa abantu abaninzi becinga ngohlobo lwenja yaseSaint Bernard, bacinga ngoko nangoko ngenja yesizwe yaseSwitzerland enomgqomo entanyeni xa ihlangula amaxhoba e-avalanche kwiintaba eziphakamileyo. I-St. Bernards ngokuqinisekileyo isasetyenziswa njengezinja zokuhlangula namhlanje. Okwangoku, nangona kunjalo, baye bafumana abalandeli abaninzi abanomdla phakathi kwabanini bezinja zabucala. Yintoni ebalulekileyo xa ugcina le nja inja ngasese ichazwe ngokubanzi ngezantsi.
USanta Bernard ukwiqela le-FCI le-2: i-Pinscher kunye ne-Schnauzer-i-Swiss Mountain Dogs. Icandelo li-2 - i-Molosser kwaye kukho i-2.2 uhlobo lwezinja zeentaba - ngaphandle kovavanyo lokusebenza.
I-St. Bernard Dog Breed Information
Ubungakanani: Amadoda: 70-90 cm, abafazi: 65-80 cm
Ubunzima: 64-120kg
Iqela leFCI: 2: I-Pinscher kunye neSchnauzer-Molosser-Swiss Mountain Dogs kunye nezinye iintlobo
Icandelo: 2.2 Molosser, uhlobo lwenja yasezintabeni
Ilizwe lemvelaphi: eSwitzerland
Imibala: I-red-brown brindle, brown-yellow, red-white
Ubomi obulindelekileyo: iminyaka eyi-8-12
Ifanelekile njenge: Iqabane, uhlangulo, unogada, ifama, kunye nenja yosapho
Imidlalo: Ibhola ekhukhulayo, intobelo
Ubushushu: Unobubele, Uyaphila, uzolile, Ulumkile, Uthobekile
Iimfuno zokuphuma: kunokuba ziphantsi
Ukuvuza okunokwenzeka kuphezulu
Ubukhulu beenwele buphezulu kakhulu
Umzamo wesondlo: uphantsi kakhulu
Ulwakhiwo lwedyasi: Nokuba lukhuni okanye iinwele ezinde: ezishinyeneyo, ezigudileyo, ezilele ngokusondeleyo kunye needyasi ezininzi.
Umntwana : ewe
Inja yosapho: ewe
Nontlalo: ewe
Imvelaphi kunye neMbali yokuZala
UBernhardshunde uqala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-200 edlulileyo kwi-hospice eqhutywa yimonki eSwitzerland, ekudluleni kweGreat St. Bernhard kwiiAlps. Apho ezi zinja zikhaliphileyo zazisebenza njengezinja zokuhlangula amaxhoba eengqaqa. Xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwanamhlanje, zazincinci kwaye zinobunzima obungaphezu kwama-40 okanye ama-50 kg ngokomndilili. Oyena udumileyo waseSt. Bernhardshund yayinguBarry. Kuthiwa usindise abantu abangaphezu kwama-40 ekufeni kwekhephu.
UProf. UGqr. Kwintetho yakhe ngesihlandlo seejaji zaseSt. Bernard, uAlbert Heim wanikela ingxelo yokuba amaRoma eza nezinja ukunqumla iiAlps kwindawo ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yiSwitzerland. Wachaza izinja, ezikwabizwa ngokuba yiMolossers, njengezinyanya zaseSaint Bernards. I-St. Bernard yantlandlolo yayiziinwele ezimfutshane, ezaziwa ngokuba ziinwele ezincangathi, kwaye zibuyela kwiiMolossians. Uhlobo lwanamhlanje oluneenwele ezinde lwenziwe ngokuwela neNewfoundlands. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, iSaint Bernard yaqalisa ukukhuliswa ngokusulungekileyo, nangona ngelo xesha yayingasafaneleki njengenja esebenzayo. ISt. Bernard yakhula yaba nkulu kunookhokho bayo, kwaye ezinye izinja ngoku zisetyenziswa njengezinja ze-avalanche. ISt. Bernard ibe yinja yesizwe yaseSwitzerland ukusukela ngo-1884 kwaye iBern Natural History Museum inomboniso kaBarry, eyona nja idumileyo yolu hlobo.
Kwi-1887 iSt. Bernard yokuqala yabhaliswa kwi-Swiss Dog Studbook njengeSt. Bernhardshund. Igama lakhe yayinguLeon. Ngenxa yokuba abaninzi abameli bolu hlobo lwenja baye banzima kakhulu kwaye bakhulu kakhulu, umkhwa namhlanje kukuzala ezi zinja zibe zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zincinci kwakhona kuba zisempilweni ngakumbi kwinzala yenja.
Ubume kunye noBumo beSt. Bernard
I-St. Bernards inokwethenjelwa, inomsindo, ukuzithemba, ithambile, ilungile, kwaye iyabathanda kakhulu abantwana, kunye nabantu abangabaziyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ezi zinja zinovakalelo kakhulu kwaye ngendlela yazo zinenkani kwaye zinenkani. Ngokuqinisekileyo oku kufanele kuqwalaselwe xa ubakhulisa ukuze bakhule kakuhle kwasebusaneni. Inja inobudlelwane obusondeleyo, obunothando kunye nentsapho yayo kwaye inothando kakhulu.
Izinja zifaneleke kakhulu njengezinja zokukhusela kunye nezinja zokukhusela kuba ithuku lazo lokukhusela licacile kakhulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba bafuna uqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo nabantu babo kwaye abafanelekanga njengezinja ze-kennel. Ukunxibelelana neenkosi kunye neenkosikazi nako kubaluleke ngakumbi ekukhuleni kwabo nakwintlalontle. Nangona ithuku labo lokukhusela, iSt. Bernards ayifuni ukukhonkotha kakhulu. Ngoko abakhonkotha.
Nokuba inja yenja ihlala isenza into ephantse yozela, zizinja ezidlamkileyo ezingadingi mdla mkhulu wezemidlalo.
Ngenxa yobume bazo obukhulu, iingxilimbela ezithambileyo zikwasetyenziswa njengezinja zonyango, umzekelo kumakhaya abantu abadala okanye kwiinkulisa. Olu hlobo lukwasetyenziswa kuhlangulo lwamanzi kwaye zilungile kwi-mantrailing.
Ngaba iSt. Bernard yiNja yoSapho?
Ngentsapho efanelekileyo, lo mbuzo unokuphendulwa ngokuqinisekileyo ngo-ewe. Kakade ke, intsapho ke kufuneka ilingane inja.
Ukubonakala kweSt. Bernard
Olu hlobo lwenja lunokuba lukhulu. Izinja zinobunzima obuphakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-120 kg kwaye iisampuli ezinkulu zinokufikelela kwi-90 cm. Iinkunzi zikholisa ukuba nkulu kancinci kwaye zinzima kunemazi.
Umbala wedyasi yezi zinja ngokusisiseko ubomvu nomhlophe. Zisoloko zijongwa. Uninzi lweSt. Bernards lunedyasi yobude obuphakathi. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, nangona kunjalo, uboya bunokubukeka buhluke. Ezinye zezi zinja nazo zezohlobo lwe shorthair okanye longhair. I-original St. Bernhardshunde yonke yayiyeyohlobo lwe-Kurzhaar. Ukongezelela, izilwanyana zineempawu ezimhlophe, kubandakanywa nesifuba kunye neempuphu ezinomlilo omhlophe, olinganayo.
Umzimba wezinja uyavumelana kwaye zinentloko enyanzelisayo kunye nekhala elibanzi kunye nemibimbi emincinci phakathi kwamashiya. Intamo yomelele kwaye umva weSt. Bernard ubanzi kwaye uqinile. Amalungu omelele ngokulinganayo kwaye usoloko enezihlunu. I-St. Bernard ikhuliswa njengeenwele ezimfutshane kunye neentlobo ezinde. Zombini zinedyasi eshinyeneyo, egudileyo enedyasi ezininzi zangaphantsi. Idyasi yenja eneenwele ezinde inamaza kancinane kwaye inobude obuphakathi.
Uqeqesho kunye noBudlelwane baseSt. Bernard - Oku kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele
Xa ufuye kwaye uqeqesha olu hlobo lwenja, kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ubungakanani kunye namandla ezi zilwanyana, kunye nemfuno yazo yendawo kunye nokuzilolonga. Nokuba inja enjalo inomoya ozolileyo kakhulu ngokwemvelo, isenamandla ngaphezu kwendoda eqeqeshwe kakuhle kwimeko engxamisekileyo. I-St. Bernards ayinabungozi ngenxa yobume babo obuhle, kodwa akukho mnandi ukuba abazange bakhuliswe ngokuqhubekayo ukususela kwasebuncinaneni kwaye basebenzise amandla abo amakhulu xa behamba. Ukuvumelana kunye nemithetho ecacileyo kwasekuqaleni sisiseko semfundo yabantwana.
Xa uyigcina, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inja enkulu kangaka ayifanelekanga kwiflethi. Ufuna indawo eyaneleyo kunye nokuzilolonga. Ukunyuka izinyuko rhoqo akumlungelanga. Nabani na onokunika inja igadi kufuneka akhumbule ukuba isilwanyana esikhulu ngolo hlobo sinokugqobhoza ngokulula kwibhedi yeentyatyambo egcinwe kakuhle. Kungcono ke ngoko ukubagcina benendawo eninzi elizweni. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba imoto kufuneka ibe mkhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuthutha kwaye umgangatho wendlu akufanele ube mde kakhulu. Udinga ukurhoxa kwaye ukuba uhlala endlwini, ehlotyeni, ufuna indawo epholileyo yokulala.
Xa kuziwa ekusebenzeni, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iSt. Bernards ikhetha ukuphumla kodwa uhambo olude. Oku kubalulekile nakwimpilo yakho. Uhambo lwemihla ngemihla kunye nokude lubalulekile ke ngoko, nokuba kukho igadi yenja ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuba i-St. Bernard encinci ayigxininisekile - kufuneka ikhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingabhubhisi kakhulu. Kungenjalo amalungu angazinzanga kunye neetendon zinokufakwa phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Kwimeko engcono kakhulu, abanini banokwakha kunye nokuqinisa imisipha ngokuhamba kwi-leash. Ii-St. Bernards zanamhlanje, ezakhiwe nzima kunezinyanya zazo, ziqeqeshelwe ukhenketho olukhulu.
Ixabisa malini iSt. Bernard?
Ixabiso lenjana yaseSt. Bernard esempilweni evela kumfuyi iphakathi kwe-1,500 yeedola kunye ne-2,000 yeedola. Inja enjalo ngokuqinisekileyo inokuthengwa ngexabiso eliphantsi kwindawo yokukhusela izilwanyana, ngombutho wokuhlangula izilwanyana, okanye ngumntu wabucala.
Ukutya kwaseSt. Bernard
Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa usondla iSt. Bernard kuba yenye yeenja ezinkulu. Iqala ngokutyisa iinjana. Kuba ezi zinja zikhula ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka ufumane isikhokelo sobuchwephesha kule minyaka, umzekelo, buza umfuyi okanye ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana. Ngokubanzi, olu hlobo lwenja ludinga ukutya okuninzi okulungileyo. Ukuba yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, i-BARF nayo inokwenzeka.
Isici esikhethekileyo seSt. Bernard kukuthambekela kwayo ukuguqula isisu. Oko kunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Izinja ezinkulu ziqheleke kakhulu kwi-gastric torsion kunezinja ezincinci, kwaye olu hlobo lwenja lukhula lube lukhulu ngakumbi. Ukuthintela yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela oku kungenzeki. Kungcono ukondla izinja ezinjalo kungekhona nje kanye ngosuku, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi ngosuku kunye neenxalenye ezincinci. Izidlo ezithathu ngosuku zezona zilungileyo, kodwa ubuncinane zibe zibini. Xa usondla ngokutya okomileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unikeze izidlo ezincinci kunye nezi rhoqo, njengoko oku kutya kukhula esiswini. Kwakhona kuyacetyiswa ukuba inja iphumle emva kokutyisa. Iiyure ezimbini zokugaya zifanelekile apha. Ukuba inja yakho ithanda ukuginya, kusemngciphekweni wokutya esiswini. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kukho izitya ezikhethekileyo ezichasene ne-sling kwimarike. Ngaphandle koko, akunakulimaza ukubuza ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana malunga neempawu ze-torsion ukuze wenze ngokukhawuleza kwimeko engxamisekileyo kwaye uthathe inja kugqirha wezilwanyana ukuba ube kwicala elikhuselekileyo.
Usempilweni - Ukulindela Ubomi kunye neZifo eziqhelekileyo
Ukuzala ngokugqithiseleyo kweSt. Bernards enkulu kwixesha elidlulileyo kukhokelele kwizifo ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenzeka. Ezi ziquka ukuxhuzula, amehlo athontsizayo okanye iinkophe ezithontsizayo, ihip dysplasia, kunye nezinye izifo zamathambo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza ezifana ne-osteosarcoma.
Ngelishwa, ukuzala ngokugqithiseleyo kweSt. Bernards kuye kwathetha ukuba ezininzi zezi zinja azikho ngaphezu kweminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwesibhozo namhlanje. Ubudala beminyaka elishumi sele buyinto enqabileyo. Ngoko ke ayinakwenza ingozi ukuqinisekisa ukuba umfuyi uthenga injana ukuba mhlawumbi kamva ubunzima ngaphantsi kwama-70 kg. Ithuba lokuba le nja iya kuphila ixesha elide ke likhulu.
Inkulu kangakanani iSt. Bernard?
ISt. Bernard yenye yeenja ezinkulu ngokukodwa. Amadoda angama-70 ukuya kuma-90 eesentimitha kwaye amabhinqa angama-65 ukuya kwi-80 yeesentimitha ubude.
Ukukhathalelwa kweSt. Bernard
Xa kuziwa ekuzilungiseni, iSt. Bernard yinja enzima. Ukuba uhlanjwa rhoqo, oko kwanele ngokupheleleyo kwaye akudli ixesha ngokungaqhelekanga. Ukuzilungisa kunokuthatha ixesha elidana kancinane kabini ngonyaka ngexesha lokutshintsha kwedyasi kuba idyasi ejijekileyo ke kufuneka ikhutshiwe kakuhle.
Bernard - Imisebenzi kunye noQeqesho
Ukuba uthenga iSt. Bernard, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba le nja idinga umthambo omningi ngendlela yayo. Akayonja ethanda ukubaleka, ukubuyisa izinto okanye ukudlala. Kodwa uyathanda ukuya kuhambo lokuphumla. Kufuneka ke ngoko kubekho umntu onexesha lohambo olude nenja – yonke imihla. Oku kusebenza kwakhona ukuba kukho igadi. Kungcono ukuba ungahamba nje uhambo olude ngosuku, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iSt. Bernard ayikunyamezeli kakuhle ukushisa kwaye ke ifuna ukuphumla kwayo. Oku kubalulekile xa uhamba nenja.
Ungakanani umthambo ofunwa nguSt. Bernard?
Nangona iSt. Bernards izolile kwaye zihamba lula, zidinga umthambo omninzi. Isitiya nje asanelanga, kodwa kufanele ukuba sele sikhona. Ukongeza, olu hlobo lwenja lufuna uhambo olude yonke imihla, ngakumbi uhambo olungaphezu kolunye.
Okuhle ukwazi: Izinto ezikhethekileyo zeSt. Bernard
Kungcono ukhethe i-specimen encinci kwi-St. Bernards ekhoyo namhlanje. Oku kubalulekile ngokumalunga nempilo yakhe. Ezi zinja zifuna indawo eyaneleyo kunye nexesha.
Azikho iindidi zeenja ezininzi ezinobuhlobo, ezithanda abantwana, kwaye zinoxolo njengeSt. Bernards. Nangona iSt. Bernards izolile, basafuna umthambo omninzi, nangona bekwimo yabo yokuzonwabisa.
Iingxaki zeSaint Bernard
Ukungalungi kolu didi lwenja bubomi obuhlala buphantsi kakhulu kunye nokuba sesichengeni sezifo ezahlukeneyo eziqhelekileyo zohlobo. Olu hlobo alufanelekanga ukuba lugcinwe kwiflethi esixekweni, kodwa ubuncinane lukwindlu enegadi okanye, nokuba ngcono, elizweni. Ukongeza, iSt. Bernards yomelele kakhulu kwaye ke ayizozinja zabasaqalayo kwaye ayizozabantu abangaguqukiyo kakhulu. Ukuba awuthandi ukuhamba kakhulu ngokwakho, awulunganga ngesilwanyana esinjalo, nangona ezi zinja zikhululekile.
Ngaba iSaint Bernard ilungile kum?
Ukuba iSt. Bernard ikufanele okanye nawe kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka ucinge ngononophelo ngaphambi kokuba uthenge ukuba unokumnika yonke into ayifunayo ukuze onwabe kwaye abe sempilweni.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kuphela, le nja ngokuqinisekileyo ayisiyonja kwaye ayifanelekanga kwiflethi encinci okanye indawo yokuhlala embindini wesixeko esikhulu. Esi silwanyana sikhulu sikwafuna indawo eyaneleyo. Izitepsi ezininzi aziyilungelanga le nja kuba ayikunyamezeli kakuhle ukukhwela izinyuko. Nkqu nemoto kufuneka ibenkulu ngokwaneleyo.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe kwintshayelelo, olu hlobo lwenja lufuna umthambo omninzi, nangona luhamba lula. Wena okanye umntu kusapho ke kufuneka nibe nexesha elaneleyo yonke imihla lokuhamba uhambo olude nenja. Igadi ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka isekhona.
ISt. Bernard inomdla kakhulu ebantwini. Ebengayi kuvuya kakhulu ukuba ebesoloko eyedwa kangangeeyure. Ngokuqinisekileyo akayiyo inja ye-kennel kwaye ayinguye onokuthi ushiywe yedwa ekhaya ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuba nabani na abe nexesha lokumjonga.
Ukuba iSt. Bernard ifaneleka kakuhle kubantu abadala akulula ukuyiphendula. Ezi zilwanyana zinamandla amaninzi. Enyanisweni, akukho nomfana osempilweni kakhulu onokukwazi ukubamba iSt. Bernard. Imfundo esisiseko efanelekileyo ukusuka kwi-puppyhood ukuya phambili kunye nokuhambelana okuninzi, ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kunamandla, ukwenzela ukuba isilwanyana singagxumi kamva, sitsale kwaye sitsale kwi-leash. Abantu abadala baya kuxhamla kakhulu kolu didi lwenja ngaphakathi kwintsapho yonke, umzekelo, ukuba babe khona kwinja ngexesha lasemini xa uhambo olude olufuneka ezi zinja lunokuthi kamva luthathwe lilungu losapho elincinane.
I-St. Bernard ingaba yinto efanelekileyo njengenja yentsapho. Kakade ke, oku kukwaxhomekeke kwintsapho nakwiimeko zabo zokuhlala. Ngokukodwa usapho olukhulu ngakumbi lunokubonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo zokuhlala kwinja. Akukho zinja zilungileyo nezizolileyo kuneSt. Bernards. Abatyekeleli ekuhlaseleni ezinye izinja okanye baphathe kakubi abantu. Oku kusebenza nakubantu abangaziwayo ngokupheleleyo. Iintsapho ezinabantwana abancinci abaliqela, ngakumbi, zinokuzuza kubume bobuhlobo kunye nomoya ozolileyo wezinja, ezikwanyamezela ngokugqithisileyo abantwana. Ngokukodwa kwiintsapho ezinkulu, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho indlu kunye negadi kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kukho umntu ekhaya. Phantse kuya kuhlala kukho umntu phakathi kwabo othanda ukuthatha uhambo olude kunye nenja. Ngoko ke, phantsi kwezi meko, olu hlobo lwenja lunokuba yinja yosapho efanelekileyo kakhulu.
Ke ngoko, vumela yonke le miba idlule entloko phambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo malunga nolu hlobo kwaye ujonge umfuyi ofanelekileyo.