inyoka

Iinyoka zinomdla kwaye zoyike ngaxeshanye. Nangona zingenamilenze, imizimba yazo emide nebhityileyo iyawavumela ukuba ahambe ngesantya sombane.

iimpawu

Zikhangeleka njani iinyoka?

Iinyoka zezodidi lwezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo kwaye zikho ngokolandelelwano lwezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo. Koku, benza ukuthotywa kweenyoka. Baliqela lamandulo lezilwanyana eziphuma kwizinyanya ezifana necilikishe. Into abafana ngayo bonke kukuba imizimba yabo mide kakhulu kwaye imilenze yabo yangaphambili neyangasemva isemva.

Eyona nyoka incinane inobude obuziisentimitha ezilishumi kuphela, eyona inkulu njengenyoka yaseBurma inobude beemitha ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo, yaye inhlwathi eMzantsi Merika ide ifikelele kwiimitha ezisithoba ubude. Nangona i-uniform physique, iinyoka zibukeka zahluke kakhulu: Ezinye zifutshane kwaye zityebile, ezinye zincinci kakhulu, i-body cross-section inokuba yingqukuva, i-triangular, okanye i-oval. Inani le-vertebrae yabo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, ukusuka kwi-200 ukuya kwi-435 vertebrae.

Ixhaphake kuzo zonke iinyoka lufele olunexolo, oluquka amaxolo afana nophondo. Ibakhusela elangeni nasekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni. Ingubo yesikali inemibala eyahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kwaye ineendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ekubeni amaxolo engakwazi ukukhula njengoko izilwanyana zikhula, iinyoka kufuneka zikhuphe ulusu lwazo ngamaxesha athile. Bahlikihla iimpumlo zabo etyeni okanye kwisebe, bekrazula ulusu oludala.

Emva koko balahla isigqubuthelo esidala solusu kwaye esitsha, esikhulu sivela ngaphantsi. Le lokhwe yesikali esidala ikwabizwa ngokuba yihempe yenyoka. Iinyoka azinankophe. Kunoko, amehlo agqunywe sisikali esicacileyo. Kodwa iinyoka aziboni kakuhle. Kwelinye icala, imvakalelo yabo yokujoja iphuhliswe kakuhle kakhulu. Ngolwimi lwazo olunefolokhwe, iinyoka zibona ivumba elimnandi kakhulu.

Amazinyo asemlonyeni wenyoka akasetyenziselwa ukuhlafuna, kodwa ukubamba ixhoba. Iinyoka ezinobuthi nazo zinamazinyo akhethekileyo adityaniswe namadlala etyhefu. Ukuba inyoka ilahlekelwe lizinyo, litshintshwa libe litsha.

Zihlala phi iinyoka?

Iinyoka zifumaneka phantse kuyo yonke indawo emhlabeni ngaphandle kwemimandla ebanda kakhulu njengeArctic, Antarctica, kunye neendawo ezinje ngeSiberia okanye eAlaska apho umhlaba umkhenkce unyaka wonke. Kukho iinyoka ezimbalwa kuphela eJamani: inyoka yengca, inyoka egudileyo, inyoka yedayisi, kunye nenyoka yeAesculapian. Ekuphela kwenyoka yemveli enetyhefu eJamani yinyoka.

Iinyoka zihlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala: ukusuka kwintlango ukuya emahlathini ukuya kumasimi, amasimi kunye namachibi. Zihlala emhlabeni nasemingxunyeni okanye phezulu emithini. Abanye bade bahlala elwandle.

Zeziphi iindidi zeenyoka ezikhoyo?

Kukho malunga nama-3000 eentlobo zeenyoka emhlabeni jikelele. Bahlulahlulwe bangamaqela amathathu amakhulu: amarhamba, amarhamba, namarhamba.

Ziphathe

Ziphila njani iinyoka?

Iinyoka phantse zizidalwa ezihlala zodwa. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, zisebenza ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo - ezinye emini, ezinye ebusuku. Ngenxa yamalungu azo abalaseleyo eemvakalelo, iinyoka zihlala zisazi kakuhle ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni ezingqongileyo. Babona amavumba ngeempumlo zabo nangolwimi lwabo olunefolokhwe.

Baye ke bachukumise into ebizwa ngokuba lilungu likaJacobson emlonyeni wabo ngolwimi, ukuze bakwazi ukuhlalutya ngalo amavumba. Oku kubavumela ukuba balandele phantsi kwaye balandele ixhoba. Ezinye iinyoka, ezifana nepitviper, ziyakwazi ukubona imitha ye-infrared, okt imitha yobushushu, ngoncedo lwelungu labo lomhadi. Ngoko akufuneki ukuba babone ixhoba labo, banokuliva. I-Boa constrictors inelungu elifanayo.

Iinyoka aziva kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, bayakwazi ukubona ukungcangcazela komhlaba ngoncedo lwendlebe yabo yangaphakathi. Iinyoka zibalasele ekukhambeni. Zinyakazela emhlabeni, kodwa zikwanyukele phezulu kwincochoyi yemithi kwaye ziyakwazi nokuqubha.

Iintlobo zaselwandle ezifana neenyoka zaselwandle zinokuntywila ukuya kutsho kwiyure. Njengazo zonke izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, iinyoka azikwazi ukulawula ubushushu bomzimba wazo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubushushu bomzimba buxhomekeke kubushushu bendawo engqongileyo. Ngenxa yoku, iinyoka azikwazi ukuphila kwiindawo ezibandayo kakhulu.

Kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo, badla ngokuchitha ubusika bezimele kwindawo ebandayo. Abantu abaninzi bayazoyika iinyoka. Kodwa iinyoka ziluma kuphela xa ziziva zisongelwa. Kwaye badla ngokulumkisa kwangaphambili – emva koko, abafuni kuchitha ityhefu yabo: Iphimpi, umzekelo, liphakamisa ikhaka lentamo yalo lize litswine, irhamba lirhabaxa ekupheleni komsila wayo.

Noko ke, nanini na kunokwenzeka, iinyoka ziya kubaleka ukuba umntu okanye isilwanyana esihlaselayo sisondele kakhulu. Ukuba ulunywe yinyoka, into ebizwa ngokuba yi-antiserum, efunyenwe kwi-venom yenyoka, inokunceda.