UMary Allen
Inja ye-avalanche ekhaliphileyo enomphanda omncinci weplanga entanyeni - le yindlela abantu abaninzi abacinga ngayo u-Saint Bernard. Namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lwenja eyaziwayo oluvela eSwitzerland luyinja yosapho. Yonke into omele uyazi malunga nembali, indalo, kunye nesimo sengqondo solu didi inokufumaneka apha kwiprofayile.
Imbali yeSaint Bernard
Izinja ze-hospice kwi-Great St. Bernard zaziwa phantsi kwegama elithi Saint Bernard ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-17. Ngokwentsomi, oku kwasekwa yimonki ka-Augustinian "uBernhard von Menthon" kwi-1050 ukukhusela abahambi abaninzi kunye nabahambi ngezonqulo abawela i-St. Bernhard Alps.
Kulo msebenzi, iimonki zazisa izinja kwindawo apho i-Bernese Mountain Dogs ivela kwixesha elidlulileyo kwaye yaqala ukuzalisa. Ekuqaleni, izinja zaziphantse zifane nembonakalo yazo yangoku. Kuphela ngenkulungwane ye-19 izinja zepaspoti zavelisa ukubonakala okufanayo kunye neempawu zokuqala zeenwele ezinde zavela.
Olu hlobo luye lwaduma ngokusetyenziswa njengezinja ze-avalanche ziimonki zase-Augustinian. Oyena mmeli udumileyo wolu didi yinja eyimbali ye-avalanche uBarry, ekuthiwa usindise ubomi obungaphezulu kwama-40. Xa wasweleka ngenxa yokwaluphala eBern ngo-1814, wayegcwele izinto kwaye ngoku uboniswa kumnyango weMyuziyam yeMbali yeNdalo. Ibiyinja yesizwe yaseSwitzerland ukusukela ngo-1884 kwaye ngo-1887 umgangatho waseSwitzerland wamkelwa ngokubanzi.
Ngenxa yophuhliso lwenzala ngokubhekiselele kubunzima obuphezulu kunye nobukhulu, abameli banamhlanje abasafanelekanga ukusetyenziswa. Namhlanje zisetyenziswa ikakhulu njengezinja zonogada kunye nosapho. Ngamazwe ngamazwe, olu hlobo lukwiqela le-FCI Group 2 "Molossoids" kwiCandelo 2.2 "Izinja zeNtaba".
Iimpawu kunye neempawu zobuntu
USt. Bernard yinja yosapho ethambileyo, enobuhlobo, nenothando. Izinja ezikhululekileyo azivumeli ukuba ziphazamiseke kwaye zinomonde kakhulu kubantwana. Badinga unxibelelwano olusondeleyo nabantu babo kwaye, ngaphandle kobukhulu babo, bayathanda ukuba kunye nomntu wonke. Nangona zikhululekile, izinja zisabela ngononophelo xa zisengozini kwaye zikhusela ecaleni kwentsapho yazo.
Uninzi lwamalungu ohlanga aluzicingeli kwaye angenza nantoni na kwiintsapho zabo. Ukuba kukho into engayithandiyo, inja enkulu ingaba nenkani kunye nenkani. Xa ekhuliswe ngothando, uya kuba liqabane elithembekileyo ubomi bakhe bonke. Isici esikhethekileyo senja yaseSt. Bernhard yinzwa egqwesileyo yokuvumba kunye nethuku elithembekileyo eliye lahlala ukususela kwixesha layo njengenja ye-avalanche.
Ukubonakala kweSt. Bernard
I-St. Bernard yinja ekhethekileyo enokuthi nabantu nje baqaphele ngokukhawuleza. Yenye yezona ntlobo zenja inkulu kwaye inzima ehlabathini. Umzimba uyavumelana kwaye unezihlunu kunye nentloko eqinileyo, enkulu kunye nembonakalo yobuso enomdla. Idyasi ende okanye i-stock-haired ixinene kakhulu kwaye ixoke kakuhle, umbala wesiseko umhlophe kunye neepatches ezincinci okanye ezinkulu ezibomvu ezibomvu. Iimpawu ezinqwenelekayo ziyi-ruff emhlophe kunye ne-asymmetrical ebomvu-brown mask.
Imfundo yeNjana
I-St Bernard enesimo esihle kunye nesineke idinga uqeqesho oluqhubekayo njengenjana nje ngenxa yamandla kunye nobukhulu bayo. Into angazange ayifunde njengenja encinci, kuya kuba nzima ukuba uyibambe njengomntu omdala. Ngokukodwa ukuba andifuni ukuba inja enkulu ihlale ecaleni kwakho (okanye kuwe) kwi-sofa, kufuneka sele ungavumeli oko kunye nenjana.
Eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuthatha injana engxamisekileyo uyise kwisikolo senjana, apho inokufunda khona imiyalelo yayo yokuqala ngendlela yokudlala kwaye ihlalisane nezinye izinja. Njengomthetho, izinja ezihlakaniphile kunye nezilungileyo zifunda ngokukhawuleza, kodwa zidinga ixesha labo. Ngaphandle komlinganiswa ozolileyo nonobubele, kufuneka uhlale ungaguquguquki kwaye uhlala ukhuthaza omncinci.
Imisebenzi kunye neSaint Bernard
I-St. Bernard yinja ezolile kwaye eleleyo enesidingo esincinci sokuzilolonga kunezinye iindidi ezinkulu. Akanalo ixesha elininzi lemidlalo yezinja kwaye ukhetha ukuhamba ngokuzolileyo. Ukukhupha iibhola, ukuzulazula, kunye nokutsiba ngokukhawuleza kuba yinto eninzi kakhulu kwizinja ezinqenayo. Ngokukodwa ehlotyeni, izinja ezinoboya obushinyeneyo zidla ngokungawuthandi kakhulu umsebenzi womzimba. Ebusika, izinja zikwinto yazo kwaye abanye abameli bolu hlobo baphumelela ngokwenene xa kukho ikhephu. Ngomdla wokomelela kwakhe, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ufumana uhambo lwemihla ngemihla unyaka wonke.
Impilo kunye noNonophelo
Ukuzilungisa rhoqo kubalulekile kwizinja ezineenwele ezinde. Ukongeza, abaninzi baseSaint Bernards banengxaki yamehlo amanzi, yingakho kufuneka banikwe ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo. Amalungu amaninzi ohlobo atyekele ekukhupheni amathe kakhulu, yiyo loo nto amabala e-drool eyinxalenye yawo. Xa ukhulisa injana enkulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba amathambo kunye namalungu angakhula ngokusempilweni.
Musa ukuyigqithisa inja encinci, yiyeke inyuke izinyuko okanye ibaleke kakhulu. Inzala idla ngokuchatshazelwa yi-hip dysplasia kunye nezinye iingxaki ezidibeneyo ezifana ne-osteoarthritis. Ngelishwa, njengoninzi lweentlobo zeenja ezinkulu, iSt. Bernard inobude bobomi obufutshane obuyi-8 ukuya kweli-10 kuphela.
Ngaba iSaint Bernard ilungile kum?
I-St. Bernard yinja yosapho enendalo entle nehamba lula engakulungelanga ukugcinwa kwendlu. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ithatha indawo eninzi. Ngapha koko, ubunzima benja bufikelela kwiikhilogram ezingama-90 kwaye bunokufikelela kubude obungangeesentimitha ezingama-90! Indlu enegadi ephangaleleyo apho iSt. Bernhardshund inokwenza imijikelo yayo kwaye igcine iwotshi iya kulunga.
Ixesha kunye nemali eyaneleyo yokunyamekela kunye nomsebenzi yimfuneko esisiseko yokugcina nayiphi na inja. Ukuba uqinisekile ukuba ufuna ukwamkela ummeli wenzala, kufuneka uqale ufumane umfuyi ohloniphekileyo, ngokukodwa lowo ubhaliswe ne-St. Bernhards-Klub eV Unokulindela amaxabiso phakathi kwe-1500 kunye ne-2000 ye-euro kwinjana ephilileyo. . Unokufumana izinja ezifuna ikhaya elitsha kwindawo yokuhlala yezilwanyana okanye eBernhardiner e-Not eV.
Kuyathakazelisa kwaye kuFanelekileyo ukwazi
Indawo yokuzalwa, kwiGreat St. Bernard Pass, iSaint Bernard iye yaba ngumtsalane wokwenyani wabakhenkethi. Nangona izinja zingazange zikhuliswe ngokusemthethweni ukususela ngo-2005, malunga nesiqingatha sezinja ezizalayo zikwi-hospice ngexesha leenyanga zasehlotyeni. Iimonki zibonelela ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezikhumbuzo ezinezinja zasentsomini. Ukusuka kwizilwanyana ezihlohliweyo ukuya kwizitampu ukuya kwiimagnethi zefriji, izinja zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo.