Umngcipheko we-Anesthesia kwiSilwanyana

Njengabantu, ungenelelo lwezonyango kunye nezinja, iikati kunye nezinto ezinjalo azinabungozi ngokupheleleyo. Imingcipheko kunye neengxaki ezinokuvela nazo zixhomekeke kwimeko yesilwanyana.

Akukho ngenelelo lwezonyango olungenamngcipheko ngokupheleleyo! Iingxaki ezinzulu azifane zenzeke ngexesha le-anesthesia okanye i-anesthesia yengingqi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuphindaphinda kweengxaki ezinzulu kuxhomekeke kwisifo esisisiseko sesigulane. Nangona i-anesthetist inokubona ngokukhawuleza nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka ngokuhlala esweni imisebenzi yomzimba, iingxaki zisengenzeka nangona kukho ukhathalelo olukhulu, olunokuthi kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo lubeke ubomi esichengeni okanye lukhokelele kumonakalo osisigxina.

Imingcipheko ngokubanzi ye-Anesthesia

• Ukuchasana nokuchasana nomzimba kunye novelwano ngokugqithisileyo kunokuqalwa ngamayeza okanye izibulali ntsholongwane kwaye zisusela kwiimpawu zexeshana ezingephi (umzekelo, ukurhawuzelelwa okanye irhashalala) ukuya kwiingxaki zokuphefumla kunye nezokujikeleza kwegazi ukuya kwezona zinto zinqabileyo, ukothuka okuyingozi empilweni kunye nentliziyo, ukujikeleza, ukuphefumla, kunye nokusilela kwamalungu. unyango olunzulu lwezonyango kunye nalapho umonakalo ongunaphakade (umonakalo wengqondo, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso) kunokwenzeka.
• Ukugruzuka kwindawo yokuhlatywa okanye malunga neenaliti ze-hypodermic kunye neecatheter kunokufuna unyango okanye utyando.
  Usulelo kwindawo yokugqobhoza kunye nokudumba kwemithambo kudla ngokunyangwa kakuhle ngamayeza. Kunqabile kakhulu, ngaba ezi ntsholongwane zingena egazini kwaye zibangele ityhefu yegazi okanye ukudumba kwamalungu (umz. ulwelo olungaphakathi lwentliziyo).
• Ukusetyenziswa kwegazi lasemzini okanye iinxalenye zegazi lasemzini kunokukhokelela kusulelo, ukungasebenzi kwemiphunga, ukuchasana nomzimba, amahlwili egazi kunye nomkhuhlane.
• Ulusu, izicubu ezithambileyo, kunye nomonakalo womthambo (ithumba lesirinji, ukufa kwezicubu, imithambo-luvo, kunye nokucaphuka kwemithambo, ukugruzuka, ukudumba) okubangelwa ziinaliti. Ngaphandle kokumiswa ngendlela eyiyo, imithambo-luvo ayifane yonakaliswe luxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo ngexesha lotyando. Nangona kunjalo, lo monakalo unokwenzeka ukholisa ukuzisombulula ngokwawo emva kwexesha elithile okanye unokunyangeka lula. Kwezinye iimeko, nangona kunjalo, umonakalo ohlala ixesha elide okanye onqabileyo kakhulu (umzekelo, intlungu, ukukhubazeka, ukungaboni) kunokwenzeka.
• I-Thrombosis: Kunqabile kakhulu, ukwenza amahlwili egazi, anokuhanjiswa ngegazi aze avale inqanawa (umz. i-pulmonary embolism). Oku kunokubangela ukonakala kwamalungu kunye nesiphumo esibulalayo.

Imingcipheko ekhethekileyo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-Anesthesia

• Ukuphefumlelwa: Oku kubhekiselele ekuphefumlelelweni kwesiqulatho sesisu esijijekileyo/esigajiweyo kwimiphunga eneziphumo ezinokuthi zibe kho ezifana nenyumoniya, ithumba lemiphunga, umonakalo osisigxina wemiphunga, okanye ukusilela kwemiphunga. Le ngozi ikhona ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ukuba awuyithobeli imithetho yokuziphatha ngaphambi kokuba udibanise i-protégé yakho.
• I-nausea, kunye nokuhlanza: Ezi ziphumo zecala zinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yokulawulwa kwe-anesthetics kunye ne-painkillers, kodwa zinqabile kakhulu kwizilwanyana.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya okanye ukukhwaza: Ukuphefumula okufutshane kunye nokukhwaza kunokuthi kwenzeke ngenxa yokufaka i-hose ye-ventilation okanye i-mask laryngeal, ukulimala emqaleni, umhlathi, i-larynx, i-trachea, okanye izintambo zezwi, kwaye ezi ngokuqhelekileyo azifuni unyango. Ukonakala kwentambo yelizwi kunye nokuhla okuzingisayo kunqabile kakhulu.
• Ukonakala kwamazinyo: Kwimeko yokukhusela indlela yomoya, umonakalo wamazinyo kunye nokulahleka kwamazinyo kunokwenzeka. Olu bunzima nalo lunqabile kwizilwanyana.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumla kunye ne-spasms ye-larynx okanye i-bronchial muscles: Ukuba isilwanyana sakho sinemiphunga enempilo, ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumla kunqabile. Nangona kunjalo, xa ufaka okanye ususa i-hose ye-ventilation okanye imaski ye-laryngeal, i-spasm ye-bronchi okanye i-glottis ingenzeka. Emva kokuhlinzwa kwindawo yentloko kunye nentamo, ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumla ngenxa yokopha okanye ukuvuvukala kunokwenzeka. Ezi meko zinzima zifuna iyeza elongezelelweyo kunye nemilinganiselo.
• Intliziyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza: Iziyobisi ezisetyenziswa kwi-anesthesia phantse zonke zichaphazela inkqubo ye-cardiovascular system. Ingakhokelela ekwehleni koxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinane, okanye i-arrhythmia. Izifo zangaphambili zenkqubo yentliziyo zonyusa umngcipheko wokufa kwezinja kunye neekati ngenxa yengxaki ye-anesthetic.
• I-Malignant hyperthermia: Kunqabile kakhulu, ubushushu bomzimba bunyuka ngokugqithisileyo ngenxa yengxaki enkulu, ebeka ubomi esichengeni kwimetabolism. Oku kunokukhokelela kumonakalo osisigxina kumalungu abalulekileyo (umzekelo ingqondo, izintso) kwaye kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo kunye nonyango olumandla.

Imingcipheko eKhethekileyo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-Anesthesia yeNgingqi:

• I-nerve, isitya, kunye nokulimala kwezicubu: Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwexeshana kunye nokukhubazeka okusisigxina kunokwenzeka emva kwe-anesthesia yengingqi ebangelwa ukugruzuka, umonakalo othe ngqo we-nerve, okanye ukuvuvukala okulandelayo.
• Imiphumo emibi yeyeza: Ukuxhuzula, ukungaphumeleli kwe-cardiovascular, ukulahlekelwa yingqondo, kunye nokubanjwa kokuphefumula emva kwe-anesthesia yengingqi kwenzeka ngokungaqhelekanga.
• Iziphazamiso zokukhupha isinyi: Iziphazamiso zokukhupha isinyi zinokunyangwa ngokufaka i-catheter yomchamo (ngokuthintela) okanye ngokuphulula isinyi ngesandla. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni uhlale ixesha elide esibhedlele ukuze uthintele izinto eziphazamisayo ekhaya.