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Imivundla idla ngokubhidaniswa nemivundla: ibonakala ifana kakhulu, kodwa imivundla ithambile kwaye ineendlebe ezimfutshane.

iimpawu

Ikhangeleka njani imivundla?

Imivundla iphuma kusapho lwe lagomorph kwaye zizilwanyana ezanyisayo. Ngendlela, azinxulumananga neempuku. Imivundla incinci kakhulu: ukusuka entloko ukuya ezantsi i-34 ukuya kwi-45 yeesentimitha ubude, i-16 ukuya kwi-18 yeesentimitha ukuphakama kwaye inobunzima beekhilogram ezintathu.

Iindlebe zazo zi-intshi ezintandathu ukuya kwezintathu ubude kwaye zihlala zime nkqo. Kuqhelekile kwimivundla ukuba umphezulu weendlebe ube mnyama. Umsila wayo, oziisentimitha ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo ubude, ufana nenquma yoboya. Kumnyama phezulu kwaye kumhlophe ngaphantsi.

Uboya bemivundla bunokuba beige, mdaka, ngwevu, mnyama okanye mhlophe. Imivundla inophawu olukhethekileyo: ii-incisors zayo zikhula ubomi babo bonke. Iinkunzi nemazi kunzima ukwahlula. Iinkunzi zezilwanyana zibizwa ngokuba ziinkunzi, iimazi zemivundla.

Imivundla idla ngokubhidaniswa nemivundla. Kodwa imivundla ingama-40 ukuya kwi-76 yeesentimitha ubude kwaye inobunzima obuziikhilogram ezisixhenxe. Kwakhona, iindlebe zazo zinde kakhulu kunemivundla.

Ihlala phi imivundla?

Ngaphambili, imivundla yasendle mhlawumbi ibikho kuphela kuSingasiqithi weIberia, okt eSpain nasePortugal kunye nakuMntla-ntshona weAfrika. Noko ke, zagcinwa ngabantu kwasekuqaleni zaza zaziswa eBritish Isles, eIreland, emazantsi eSweden nakwiCanary Islands.

Namhlanje isemakhaya phantse kulo lonke ihlabathi ngenxa yokuba imivundla eyagcinwa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya yathatyathwa ngabemi baseYurophu yaza yashiywa: Ihlala eOstreliya naseNew Zealand naseMzantsi Merika Imivundla efana neendawo zokuhlala ezomileyo ezinesanti nodongwe okanye umhlaba onamatye. Ubukhulu becala zifumaneka kumathafa engca, kumhlaba weepaki, nakumahlathi ashinyeneyo. Noko ke, namhlanje baziva besekhaya emasimini nasezigadini.

Zeziphi iindidi zemivundla ezikhoyo?

Umvundla omdaka kunye nomvundla wasezintabeni zihlobene ngokusondeleyo nomvundla. Ukongeza kwimivundla yasendle, ngoku kukho malunga ne-100 leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemivundla ezikhuliswe ngabantu kwaye zigcinwe njengezilwanyana zasekhaya. Zithandwa ngenxa yenyama yazo, kodwa nangenxa yoboya kunye noboya bazo, njengemivundla eneenwele ezinde iAngora. Igama lenzala ekhethekileyo kakhulu liyabhida: ngumvundla.

Ayingomnqamlezo phakathi komvundla kunye nomvundla - ongenakukwazi ukwenzeka ngokwebhayoloji - kodwa yinzala evela kuhlobo lwemivundla yaseBelgian, isigebenga saseBelgium. Imivundla mikhulu kuneminye imivundla, inobunzima obuyi 3.5 ukuya kwi 4.25 kilograms. Umzimba wakhe mde kwaye unobuhle. Uboya bazo bubomvu bubomvu, bufana nobomvundla wasendle.

Mingaphi iminyaka emivundla?

Imivundla inokuphila ukuya kwishumi, ngamanye amaxesha iminyaka elishumi elinesibini.

Ziphathe

Iphila njani imivundla?

Imivundla isebenza kakhulu ngorhatya. Ngokuqhelekileyo bahlala kwindawo emiselweyo malunga nekhilomitha enye ububanzi. Apho zinemingxuma yazo engaphantsi komhlaba apho zikhuselekile kwaye zikhuselwe kwiintshaba. Le mingxuma iqulathe iipaseji ezinamagatsha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2.7 yeemitha ubunzulu. Ngamanye amaxesha zikwahlala kwimingxuma nakwimingxuma kumphezulu womhlaba. Imivundla sisilwanyana esithandana kakhulu: Usapho lwemivundla luzizilwanyana ezifikelela kuma-25.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkunzi enkulu, iimazi ezininzi, kunye nezilwanyana ezininzi ezincinci zihlala kunye. “Umphathi” wentsapho yindoda. Izilwanyana zasemzini eziphuma kwenye intsapho azinyanyezelwa kodwa ziyagxothwa.

Xa zikhangela ukutya, zinokuhamba umgama oziikhilomitha ezintlanu. Basoloko besebenzisa iindlela ezifanayo: Ngamanye amaxesha unokuzifumana ezi ndlela engceni kuba zinyathelwe kakuhle. Iindlela ezinjalo zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-alternations. Imivundla inendlela eqhelekileyo yokuhamba: iyatsiba kwaye ixhume.

Ziyakwazi nokuxhwila xa zizingelwa; oko kukuthi, zijika ngesantya sombane zize ngaloo ndlela zibavuthulule abo bazisukelayo. Imivundla ingeva kakuhle kakhulu. Oku kubalulekile ukuze bazazi iingozi ezisendle baze babaleke kwangethuba.

Kuba zikwazi ukuhambisa zombini iindlebe ngokuzimeleyo, zinokumamela phambili ngenye indlebe nasemva kwenye ngaxeshanye – ukuze zingaphosi sisandi. Ukongeza, imivundla ibona kakuhle kakhulu, ngakumbi xa ikude naxa kurhatyela, kwaye ivumba kakhulu.

Imivundla yayigcinwe njengezilwanyana zasekhaya ngamaRoma kwiminyaka engama 2000 eyadlulayo. Babezixabisa ezi zilwanyana ngokuyintloko njengababoneleli benyama. Imivundla yasendle kunzima ukuyigcina kwindawo ebiyelweyo kuba ayimbuna kakhulu kwaye ineentloni kakhulu. Iintlobo zemivundla yanamhlanje zikholisa ukuba zikhulu kwaye zizolile kunemivundla yasendle. Kodwa xa imivundla ibaleka, iyakhawuleza ukuba nenyama kwaye iphile njengookhokho bayo basendle.

Abahlobo kunye neentshaba zomvundla

Imivundla ineentshaba ezininzi: zonke izilwanyana ezizingelayo ukusuka kwi-stoats, ii-martens, kunye neempungutye ukuya kwiingcuka, iilynx kunye neebhere ziyazingela. Kodwa izikhova ezinkulu neentaka ezidla inyama kwakunye namahlungulu nazo zinokuba yingozi kubo. Ngenxa yokuba zizala ngokukhawuleza, ziye zizingelwa kakhulu ngabantu kweminye imimandla.