UMary Allen
Sizondla iintlanzi zethu ngononophelo kwaye sikhathalele impilo-ntle yazo. Kodwa izityalo zethu zikwafuna isondlo esaneleyo kunye namaxabiso afanelekileyo amanzi ukuba kuya kwenziwa i-aquarium entle.
Amaxabiso Amanzi
Uninzi lwezityalo zithanda amanzi athambileyo, aneasidi encinci, kodwa ziyakwazi ukunyamezela amanzi aqhelekileyo empompo kakuhle. Kungenxa yoko le nto amaxabiso amanzi engabalulekanga kancinci kuninzi lwezityalo ezinokuthengwa ezivenkileni. Baziqhelanisa neemeko - ngaphandle kokuba ukutya kulungile.
Umgaqo kaLiebig
Umgaqo weLiebig okanye ubuncinci usebenza kuzo zonke izityalo kwaye, ewe, kwezo zikwi-aquarium, eyenziwa yaduma ngusokhemisti odumileyo waseJamani uJustus von Liebig ngenkulungwane ye-19, ngakumbi kwezolimo. Emva koko, ukukhula kwezityalo kuthintelwe ngomlinganiselo omncinci wezondlo ezikhoyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba zonke izondlo kufuneka zifumaneke ngokwemiyinge eyaneleyo ukuze izityalo zikhule ngokugqibeleleyo.
Macro kunye neMicronutrients
Ezinye izondlo zisetyenziswa kancinci, ezinye zininzi. Nangona i-micronutrients (edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-trace elements) inokongezwa ngobuninzi obaneleyo ngokutshintsha rhoqo kwamanzi, kodwa nakweyiphi na imeko kunye nesichumisi sendalo yonke esivela kwiivenkile zeengcali, oku kwahlukile kunye ne-macronutrients.
Eyona Macronutrients
I-macronutrients ithetha ukuba kufuneka kubekho isixa esikhulu sazo. Ezona macronutrients zibalulekileyo ngoku zibonisiwe.
ukukhanya
Ukukhanya okulungileyo kubalulekile. Izibane zale mihla ze-LED ezine-spectrum epheleleyo okanye i-RGB ziyimfuneko ephambili ekuboneleleni ngesi sondlo ngobungakanani obaneleyo. Ubungakanani bokukhanya obufunekayo buxhomekeke kwizityalo. Izityalo zeRosette ezifana namagqabi omkhonto (Anubias), iingqayi zamanzi (Cryptocoryne), Java fern (Microsorum pteropus), okanye ubulembu obuninzi bufuna ukukhanya okuncinane, malunga ne-0.1 watts ilitha nganye zanele, kuxhomekeke kubude be-aquarium. Izityalo ezineemfuno eziphezulu ezifana ne-Amazon sword plants (Echinodorus) okanye uninzi lwezityalo ezinesiqu zidibana ngcono ne 0.2 ukuya kwi 0.3 watts ilitha nganye.
Umoya omdaka
Ikharbhon diokside (CO2) yigesi umoya oqhelekileyo osele uqulethe malunga ne-0.04%. Ikwanyibilika kumanzi e-aquarium, kodwa ngexabiso elincinci. Iintlanzi kunye nabanye abahlali base-aquarium bavelisa i-CO2. Ngesiqhelo, nangona kunjalo, oku kuncinci kakhulu kwizityalo. Yiyo loo nto ii-aquarist ezininzi zisebenzisa zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo zeCO2, ukusuka kokulula ukuya kokuntsonkotha kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kuphela i-CO2 yasimahla inokufunxwa zizityalo. Kwaye oko kufumaneka kuphela ngezixa ezaneleyo ukuba amanzi athambile (ngaphantsi kwe-4 ° KH, ubulukhuni be-carbonate) kunye nexabiso le-pH elingaphantsi nje kwe-7. Kungoko kuphela apho kunokulindelwa ukukhula okuhle kwesityalo.
intsimbi
Izichumisi zokuqala ezinikezelwa kwi-aquarium yayizizichumisi zentsimbi. Oko kubonisa ukubaluleka. Ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kwe-iron, ukukhula kuyeka kwaye amagqabi amancinci ajika abe tyheli. Intsimbi (Fe2 +) inokongezwa ngeendlela ezimbini. Kwelinye icala, xa kusetwa i-aquarium, indawo ekhethekileyo yezondlo inokwaziswa njengomaleko ongezantsi, umzekelo, iqulethe i-lateite okanye udongwe njengomthombo wentsimbi. Kukho kwakhona izichumisi ezikhethekileyo zexesha elide ze-substrate, equlethe i-iron eninzi. Oku kusetyenziselwa unikezelo lweengcambu. Kodwa ekubeni izityalo nazo zifunxa izondlo zazo ngamagqabi, zongeza isichumiso ngentsimbi, njengakuzo zonke izichumisi ezipheleleyo, kunengqiqo.
Iitrogen
I-nitrogen ifunxwa kakhulu njenge-nitrate (NO3-). I-nitrate inikezelwa rhoqo ngenkunkuma evela kubahlali base-aquarium, ukutya okushiyekileyo, kunye nokubola kweendawo zezityalo. Kudla ngokubakho i-nitrate eyaneleyo kumanzi ompompo nawo, athi adityaniswe xa amanzi etshintshiwe. Kuphela kwii-aquariums ezinabemi abambalwa kunye nezityalo ezininzi ezinokuthi i-nitrate ibe yintsilelo. Izichumisi ezikhethekileyo zinikezelwa kule nto, ekufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela emva koko.
ukumila
I-Phosphorus ifumaneka njenge-phosphate – idla ngobuninzi obaneleyo. Iphosphate eninzi kakhulu ikhokelela ekukhuleni okunamandla kwealgae. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-phosphate ingaze yongezwe. Ingcebiso: Kufuneka ubuze kumanzi asekuhlaleni ukuba ingaba iphosphate yongezwa na emanzini etephu (indlela evumelekileyo yokukhusela imibhobho). Emva koko i-phosphate binder evela kubathengisi beengcali yenza ingqiqo ukugcina ukukhula kwe-algae kuhlolwe.
Potassium
Isondlo sesityalo esingacingelwanga kakhulu yi potassium (K +). Ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethwe kuphela kumanzi ompompo ngomlinganiselo omncinci kwaye kufuneka yongezwe. Izichumisi ezilungileyo ezipheleleyo ziqulethe imilinganiselo eyaneleyo yayo.
Izondlo ezingakumbi zeZityalo
Ezinye izondlo ezifana ne-calcium, i-magnesium, isulfure, ithusi, i-boron, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-molybdenum, i-nickel, kunye ne-cobalt ifunwa kuphela ngamanani amancinci, ngoko ke i-micronutrients. I-calcium kunye ne-magnesium, njengesulfure (njenge-sulfate), zifumaneka ngobuninzi obaneleyo kumanzi ompompo kwaye zongezwa xa amanzi eguqulwa rhoqo. Ezinye izondlo ziqulethwe kuzo zonke izichumiso ezilungileyo ezipheleleyo, yiyo loo nto ukuzisebenzisa kugxininiso olucetywayo ukongeza kwezinye izondlo ezikhankanywe apha kuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo ezikwi-aquarium zikhula ngokugqibeleleyo.