Penguin

Akukho mntu wazi kakuhle ukuba igama elithi “penguin” livela phi. Igama lesiLatini elithi “penguin” lithetha “ukutyeba”; kodwa inokuthatyathwe kwi-Welsh "pen gwyn", "intloko emhlophe".

iimpawu

Zikhangeleka njani iipenguins?

Nangona oonombombiya bezintaka, abakwazi ukubhabha: basebenzisa amaphiko abo ukudada. Oonombombiya banentloko encinci ehamba kakuhle emzimbeni wabo otyebileyo. Umqolo ugqunywe ngokulinganayo ngeentsiba ezimnyama okanye ezimnyama. Isisu siyakhanya okanye simhlophe ngombala. Iintsiba zinokuba xinene kakhulu: Ineentsiba ezingama-30,000, i-emperor penguin inentsiba ezixineneyo kunayo nayiphi na enye intaka.

Amaphiko oonombombiya made kwaye abhetyebhetye. Imisila yabo mifutshane. Abanye oonombombiya banokukhula babe yi-1.20 yeemitha ubude.

Bahlala phi oonombombiya?

Endle, oonombombiya bahlala kuphela kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi. Zifumaneka e-Antarctica nakwiziqithi ezikude nonxweme. KwaseOstreliya, eNew Zealand, eChile, eArgentina naseMzantsi Afrika, nakwiZiqithi zeFalkland neGalapagos. Iipenguins zihlala emanzini kwaye zikhetha imisinga ebandayo yolwandle. Ke ngoko bahlala elunxwemeni lwamazwe okanye iziqithi abahlala kuzo.

Zihamba kuphela elunxwemeni ukuze zizale okanye ngexesha lezaqhwithi ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, oonombombiya ngamanye amaxesha bafudukela kude phakathi kwelizwe. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana zide zibeke amaqanda azo apho.

Zeziphi iindidi zoonombombiya ezikhoyo?

Kukho iindidi ezili-18 ezahlukeneyo zoonombombiya zizonke.

Ziphathe

Baphila njani oonombombiya?

Oonombombiya bachitha ixesha labo elininzi emanzini. Ngoncedo lwamaphiko azo anamandla, zidada ngokukhawuleza emanzini. Abanye oonombombiya banokufikelela kwisantya esifikelela kuma-50 eekhilomitha ngeyure! Emhlabeni, oonombombiya bayakwazi ukubhukuqa kuphela. Oko kukhangeleka kakubi. Nangona kunjalo, ziyakwazi ukugubungela imigama emide ngale ndlela. Xa ingumnqantsa kakhulu ukuba ingakwazi ukuhamba, zilala ngezisu zize zityibilike ezantsi okanye zizityhale phambili ngeenyawo.

Oombombiya abahlobo kunye neentshaba

Umbala wazo omnyama nomhlophe ukhusela oonombombiya ekuhlaselweni ziintshaba emanzini: Kuba xa ziphantsi, iintshaba ezintywila nzulu azikwazi kuzibona iipenguin ezinesisu esimhlophe sijonge esibhakabhakeni. Kwaye ukusuka phezulu umqolo wayo omnyama uxube nobunzulu bolwandle.

Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana zaselwandle zitya iipenguin. Ezi ziquka ngokukodwa amatywina engwe, kodwa kunye neengonyama zolwandle. Ii<em>skuas, ii<em>giant petrels, iinyoka, neempuku ziyathanda ukweba amaqanda ekubanjeni okanye zitye iintaka ezincinci. Oonombombiya bakwasemngciphekweni wokuphela ngabantu: impembelelo yegreenhouse itshintsha imisinga ebandayo yolwandle ukuze iindawo ezithile zonxweme zilahleke njengeendawo zokuhlala.

Zizala njani oonombombiya?

Indlela yokuzala yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zepenguin yahluke kakhulu. Iinkunzi kunye neemazi zihlala zichitha ubusika ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye zingadibani kwakhona de kufike ixesha lokuzala. Abanye oonombombiya banyanisekile kwaye benza isibini ubomi babo bonke. Zonke iipenguins zizalela kwiikoloni. Oku kuthetha ukuba izilwanyana ezininzi ziqokelelana ndaweni-nye zize zizalele apho kunye. Kwimeko ye-emperor penguin, iinkunzi zifukamela amaqanda kwimiphetho yesisu. Abanye oonombombiya bajonga imiqolomba, bakhe iindlwane okanye imingxunya.

Xa amantshontsho eqanduselwe, adla ngokuhlanganisana kuhlobo “lwesikolo soonombombiya”: Apho atyiswa ngabo bonke abazali kunye. Azikho izilwanyana ezitya umhlaba kwindawo yokuzala kweepenguin zase-Antarctic. Ke ngoko, oonombombiya abanayo indlela yokubaleka. Kwanaxa abantu besondela, izilwanyana azibaleki.

Zizingela njani oonombombiya?

Oonombombiya ngamanye amaxesha bahamba iikhilomitha ezili-100 emanzini ukuya kuzingela. Xa zibona udidi lweentlanzi, ziqubha kanye kulo, zichwechwela. Ziyaqwenga nasiphi na isilwanyana esizibambileyo. Oonombombiya bazama ukubamba intlanzi ngasemva. Intloko yakhe igxadazela phambili ngesantya sombane. Xa ibambise ngempumelelo, iking penguin inokutya malunga neekhilogram ezingama-30 zentlanzi okanye iqokelele ukuze yondle amantshontsho.

Care

Batya ntoni oonombombiya?

Oonombombiya batya iintlanzi. Ubukhulu becala yintlanzi encinci yokufunda kunye neskwidi. Kodwa oonombombiya babamba iintlanzi ezinkulu. Ejikeleze i-Antarctic, i-krill nayo ikwimenyu. Aba ngoononkala abancinci abadadayo bejikeleza kwimigubu emikhulu.