UMary Allen
Intshayelelo: Ukuqonda ikhonkco lokutya
Ikhonkco lokutya yingcamango esisiseko kwi-ikholoji echaza ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nezondlo ukusuka kwenye into ukuya kwenye. Lulandelelwano lwezinto eziphilayo apho into nganye ephilayo ingumthombo wokutya kwelandelayo. Ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lwekhonkco lokutya luqala ngabavelisi bokuqala njengezityalo kunye ne-algae, ethi ke isetyenziswe ngabathengi bokuqala abafana nezilwanyana ezitya izityalo. Abathengi besibini, abanje nge-carnivores, emva koko bondla kubathengi abaphambili, ngelixa abathengi benqanaba eliphezulu, njengezilwanyana ezizingelayo, bondla kubathengi besibini. Ukuqonda iindima zezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo kwikhonkco lokutya kubalulekile ekugcineni inkqubo yendalo isempilweni.
Ukuchaza abaThengi beSekondari
Abathengi besibini zizinto eziphilayo ezondla kubathengi bokuqala. Zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-carnivores, okuthetha ukuba ikakhulu zitya inyama. Kwikhonkco lokutya, bathatha inqanaba lesithathu letrophic emva kwabavelisi bokuqala kunye nabathengi bokuqala. Ezi zinto ziphilayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-ecosystem njengoko zinceda ukulawula inani labathengi abaphambili kunye nokugcina ukulingana kwikhonkco lokutya. Ngaphandle kwabasebenzisi besibini, inani labathengi abaphambili linganyuka lingajongwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutyisweni okugqithisileyo kunye nokuncipha kwezityalo, nto leyo eya kuthi ichaphazele kakubi i-ikhosistim iphela.