UMary Allen
Ukugcina iimpuku zezilwanyana ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kufuna isixa esithile solwazi. Iimeko zokugcinwa kakubi zikhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki zokuziphatha kwiimpuku ezincinci. Abanini kufuneka baziswe kwangethuba malunga neemfuno zeempuku.
Inkqubo
Izihlobo zeempuku – Iimpuku – Iimpuku zokwenyani
Izinto ozilindile emhlabane
ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe24-36 iinyanga
Ukukhula
emva kweeveki 3-4
imvelaphi
Ukhokho weempuku ezinemibala yanamhlanje yayiyimpuku yendlu engwevu, eyayivela kumathafa kunye neentlango zaseAsia. Impuku yendlu nayo yafuduka kunye nokufuduka kwabantu kwaye ngoku isasazwe phantse kwihlabathi jikelele (ngaphandle: i-tropical Africa). Ikwagcinwe njengesilwanyana sasekhaya eYurophu ukusukela ngenkulungwane ye-19. Impuku inesivamvo esinamandla sokujoja, ukuva (i-ultrasound), kunye nokuchukumisa.
Indlela yokuziphatha ekuhlaleni
Izilwanyana zihlala kwiintsapho ezivaliweyo: inkunzi enemazi ezininzi kunye nenzala yazo. Intsapho nganye eyandisiweyo inommandla wayo, ophawulwe ngamanqaku evumba nokukhusela kwezinye iintsapho ezandisiweyo. Iimpuku kufuneka zigcinwe ngokwamaqela, nokuba zikhathalelwe ngabantu. Ngenxa yovuyo olukhulu lokuzala lwempuku yesilwanyana sasekhaya (ukukhulelwa ukuya kumatyeli alishumi ngonyaka kunye malunga nesine ukuya kwishumi elinesibini abaselula kunokwenzeka), nokuba yisilwanyana esifana nesini esifanayo (ikhethwa ukuba sisetyhini) kufuneka sigcinwe kunye okanye inkunzi kufuneka ithenwe ngaphambi kokuba ikhule ngokwesondo. I-socialization isebenza kakuhle phakathi kwe-18th-21st. imini yobomi. Ukuhlalisana kweempuku kwiqela elikhoyo kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngononophelo kwaye phantsi kweliso (i-intraspecific aggression).
Isimo sengqondo
Impuku yendlu yokuqala iyasebenza ngorhatya nasebusuku. Kwimeko yeempuku ezifuywayo, izigaba zomsebenzi zixhomekeke kwindawo yentlalo, ukuze izilwanyana nazo zisebenze kwaye zisebenze kakhulu emini. Amavili abalekayo aluncedo kwintshukumo yezilwanyana, kodwa – ngokubhekisele kwezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana – hayi ngaphandle kwempikiswano, kuba anokubangela ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo okungaqhelekanga (ARV) kwaye andise ubundlongo-ndlongo. Ngokubanzi, ivili elibalekayo kufuneka lilungelelaniswe nobungakanani besilwanyana (ubuncinci i-20 cm ububanzi kwimouse), ibe nomgangatho ovaliweyo wokubaleka, kwaye ivalwe kwicala le-axle.
Ngokwendalo, izilwanyana zihlala kwii-corridors kunye nemiqolomba, ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa igcinwa. Kuba iimpuku zivelisa umchamo omninzi kunoko, umzekelo, iimpuku ezihlala entlango, iindawo zokungena komoya kwiindawo ezithengiswayo zihlala zingonelanga. Iimpuku ezinombala zinochuku kakhulu kukufuma okugqithisileyo. I-ammonia yoxinaniso nayo yonyuswa xa kukho ukungabikho kokungena komoya, yiyo loo nto amakhaya egundane kufuneka acocwe rhoqo.
Ekubeni iimpuku zisebenza kakhulu, zidinga indawo enkulu yezindlu enokubakho kunye nemilinganiselo encinci ye-80 x 50 x 80 cm (L x W x H) kunye nemisebenzi emininzi. Isixhobo sokubamba sinokucwangciswa kathathu-dimensionally. Kwiivenkile zezilwanyana zasekhaya, abanini-zilwanyana baya kufumana iindidi ngeendidi zefanitshala ezifana nezindlu zokulala, ileli, iilabhinethi, iipali zokukhwela, iintambo, iijingi, njalo njalo. zisetyenziswe. Iimpuku ezifuywayo zikhetha ubushushu begumbi lokuhlala le-20–24 °C (amaqondo obushushu afikelela kuma-30 °C ayafikelelwa kwindlwane yeempuku). Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya kwelanga kufuneka kuphetshwe. Iimpuku ze-Albino kufuneka zigcinwe kubumnyama obuphakathi (oku kusebenza nakwezinye izilwanyana ze-albino). Ukukhanya okugqithisileyo kuyonakalisa i-retina, ebuhlungu ngakumbi kumanqanaba okuqala kwaye kamva inokukhokelela kubumfama.
isondlo
Ukutya kwempuku kulula kakhulu kuba iimpuku ziyi-omnivores. Imixube esele ilungile ekumgangatho ophezulu evela kubathengisi abaziingcali inokwenzeka, idityaniswe nokutya okuluhlaza kunye nejusi (umz. iziqhamo nemifuno). Iintshulube zesidlo, amaqanda abilisiwe, okanye ukutya kwenja eyomileyo njengokuphathekayo kusebenza njengomthombo weprotheyini.
Njengazo zonke iimpuku, ukudibana kwamazinyo sesona sizathu sokukrazuka kwamazinyo ahlala ekhula. Amasebe asuka kwimithi yeziqhamo engatshizwanga, amandongomane angapelwanga, okanye isonka esiqinileyo alungele ukugugiswa kwendalo kunye nokwanelisa ithuku lempuku.
Iingxaki zokuziphatha
Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kwempuku yombala ngelishwa kuhluke kakhulu. Ukongeza kwi-intraspecific aggression, kukho inani elikhulu lokuziphatha okungaqhelekanga-okuphindaphindayo, okuqhelekileyo okubangelwa yimeko yezindlu ezimbi. Oku kuquka ukuleqa umsila, ukuxhuma, ukutsiba phezulu, ukupeyinta eludongeni, ukupeyinta kwikona, ukuyilawula rhoqo, nokutya uboya. I-Krone (ukutya umncinci wakho) inokwenzeka ukuba akukho ndawo yaneleyo okanye ukuxinana kwempahla kuphezulu kakhulu.
Umbuzo obuzwa rhoqo
Ngaba iimpuku ezinemibala zinokuba mbuna?
Iimpuku ezimibalabala ziyathanda ukudlala nabantu “bazo”. Nangona kunjalo, kuthatha ixesha ngaphambi kokuba iimpuku ezincinci zithembeke kwaye zifune ukudibana nomzimba ngokuzithandela. “Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, izilwanyana zidla ngokubaleka xa abantu besondela kwindawo ebiyelweyo.
Ndizenza njani iimpuku zombala wam?
Njengenyathelo lokuqala, abanini kufuneka bathethe neempuku zabo ezinemibala kwaye baziqhelanise namazwi abo. Umzekelo, zinokuma ngxi kwindawo ebiyelweyo ngelixa zinikwa ukutya. Ukuba iimpuku zinika umdla ngenkangeleko enomdla, isandla sibanjwa rhoqo kwindawo ebiyelweyo.
Zingaphi iimpuku ezinemibala ekufuneka uzigcine?
Iimpuku zezilwanyana zasekhaya zizalelwa ukuhlala kwintsapho kwaye zifuna izinto ezicacileyo. Gcina iimpuku zibe mbini, ngakumbi. Iqela elincinane leempuku ezimbini ukuya kwezine ezibhinqileyo zilungele abasaqalayo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zihamba kakuhle.
Uzibamba njani iimpuku zombala ngokuchanekileyo?
Iimpuku ezifuywayo zinomdla, ziyasebenza, kunye nezilwanyana ezinobudlelwane kwaye ke zifuna izinto ezininzi zokuziva zikhululekile. Kuba iimpuku zinokuzala ngokukhawuleza, kungcono ukugcina izilwanyana zesini esinye kunye okanye ukuthenwa iinkunzi kwangaphambili.
Zifuna ntoni iimpuku ezinemibala ekhejini yazo?
Bafuna indawo eninzi yokurhwila, banyuke, babaleke, baze bombe. Bahlala kumaqela amane okanye ngaphezulu kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ukusuka (!) 100 cm ububanzi, 50 cm ubunzulu, kunye no-60 cm ukuphakama kunye nenqanaba elinye eliphakathi kwi-30 cm ukuphakama. Amaqela amakhulu eempuku afuna indawo eninzi.
Uyibamba njani impuku ngokuchanekileyo?
Impuku ihlala kwelinye icala ngelixa elinye liyigqume ukusuka phezulu ngaphandle kokuchukumisa okuqatha. Izandla ezivaliweyo zikhomba ubhontsi ecaleni. Ngoko ubambe izandla zombini kunye nesundu phantsi. Impuku ke ihlala ngokukhuselekileyo kumqolo weentende.
Yeyiphi indawo yokulala yeempuku ezinemibala?
Ifanitshala: Indawo ebiyelweyo izaliswe ngomandlalo ofanelekileyo (umzekelo, umxube webhedi yezilwanyana ezincinci, ifula kunye neendiza) kubunzulu obuyi-20 cm ubuncinane, kodwa kukhethwa ukuba ibe yi-40 cm ukuze iimpuku zigrumbe itonela elizinzileyo. Zikwanikwa ifula okanye iphepha lasekhaya elingadaywanga njengesixhobo sokuzalela.
Kufuneka utyise kangaphi iimpuku?
Umthetho wobhontsi itispuni enye yokutya ngempuku nganye, oyenza ifumaneke simahla kwizilwanyana zakho. Ninokukhetha ukunika iziqhamo, imifuno, iletisi, ingca, okanye imifuno kanye okanye kabini ngemini. Kanye ngeveki kukho iprotheni eyongezelelweyo ngendlela ye-quark okanye umxube wezinambuzane ezomileyo.