UMary Allen
Izinja zikhaphe abantu amawaka eminyaka. Ngaxa lithile, abantu baqalisa ukuzala izinja. Ngaloo nto, ookhokho bethu bafuna ukugxininisa ukuziphatha okukhethekileyo kunye nokubonakala kweentlobo zomntu ngamnye.
Eso yaba sisiqalo sohlobo lwale mihla lokuzalanisa. Namhlanje kukho inani elimangalisayo leentlobo zeenja kwihlabathi jikelele. Kodwa zingaphi xa zizonke?
Zingaphi iintlobo zezinja ezikhoyo emhlabeni?
Ngokowona mbutho mkhulu wabafuyi bezinja, kukho iindidi zezinja ezingama-369 ezaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela. Iintlobo zeenja ezingama-355 ekugqibeleni zamkelwa yimibutho. Imigaqo yenguqu isebenza kwiintlobo zezinja eziseleyo. Ukuqondwa kokugqibela kudla ngokuba yinto nje eqhelekileyo.
Siza kungena kwiimpembelelo zeeklabhu kunye nemibutho yokuzalanisa ngokubanzi ngezantsi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sifike kuloo nto, masibuyele umva sijonge kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Kungenxa yokuba ihlabathi lalingasoloko lahlulahlulwe ngokucacileyo libe yinzala efana nee<em>golden retrievers, iidachshunds, ii<em>German shepherds, iibulldog, ii<em>poodle okanye iidachshunds.
Indlela esuka kwingcuka ukuya kwinja yomnombo
Ingcuka kunye nomntu bahlala ixesha elide. Ngexesha elithile, baqala ukufuna ukusondelana. Akukacaci ukuba ngubani owenze le nto. Nangona kunjalo, izazinzulu zicinga ukuba ingcuka yasondela emntwini.
Ekugqibeleni, izilwanyana zaba mbuna. Baliqhela ngakumbi nangakumbi ibutho labantu. Bahlala. Ngoko bakhuliswa ekhaya. Apho inja yokuqala yasekhaya yavela khona ayibhalwanga kwaye akukacaci.
Ukusuka eMpuma Asia ukuya kwihlabathi
Kukholelwa ukuba inja yasekhaya yavela eMpuma Asia. Ukusuka apho kuthiwa izinja ziye zanwenwela eYurophu. Kwaye emva koko ukuya eMelika.
KuMntla Merika, izinja zisenokuba bezizingela ecaleni kwabantu. Ngokunjalo naseYurophu nakuMbindi Mpuma. Ubuncinci yile nto icebisa imizobo eludongeni, kunye nemisongo emidala.
Namhlanje, izinja zasekhaya zithandwa eYurophu naseMelika. Kwaye wena konakalisa kubo. Ubunini bezinja abuxhaphakanga kangako eAsia. Ngelishwa, izinja zibhekwa njengento ekhethekileyo yokupheka kwiindawo zaseAsia. Okanye bahlala bengahoywanga ezitratweni.
Umntu uqala ukuzala izinja
Ukukhula kwenja eYiputa kwahluke kakhulu. Apha inja yayingcwele. Abanye abahlobo abanemilenze emine babenezicaka zabo. Baphakelwa kuphela okona kutya kulungileyo.
Ngokuba izinja zazingabakhuseli bakaFaro. Bamngcwaba nenkosikazi yakhe. Ezi zilwanyana ziye zavela ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke ezinye izinja zasekhaya.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, abantu baqala ukuzala abahlobo abanemilenze emine abaneempawu ezikhethekileyo. Ngoko ubufuna ukufumana ilifa iimpawu zomlinganiswa okhethekileyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, oku kwaphumela kwiintlobo zezinja zanamhlanje.
Bonke banenkangeleko kunye neempawu zobuntu ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye benza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Ukusuka kwizinja zokuzingela ukuya kwizinja zanamhlanje
Ekuqaleni, izinja zokuzingela kunye ne-retriever zazibalulekile. Bancedisa abantu ekuzingeleni. Kamva, xa umntu wayehleli phantsi, wayefuna izinja zokulinda.
Wafuya izinja zokwalusa iinkomo. Iinja zafika kamva. IChihuahua ihlukile. Ithathwa njengohlobo oludala kakhulu kunye nolona luncinci lwenja.
Ukuzala kwezinja zanamhlanje zaqala phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-19. Amazwe ahambele phambili kwezoshishino ayengoovulindlela. Kuba apha, ngenxa yophando lukaDarwin kunye nemithetho kaMendel, abantu babesazi ngemithetho yelifa.
Abafuyi bokuqala basebenzisa olu lwazi ngokufanelekileyo. Kwaye ke bazuze iimpawu ezithile.
Yeyiphi imigangatho yenja yomnombo?
Izinja ezinembonakalo efanayo kunye neempawu ezifanayo zavela. Le nkqubela phambili yokufuya yabhalwa kwiincwadi zestud.
Kwamiselwa imigangatho yokufuya. Ukongeza, izinja ezifuywayo zafumana umnombo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, imibutho yeambrella ye-cynological yavela kule nto.
Igama elithi cynology lithetha ukufundwa kweentlobo zezinja kunye nokuzala kwezinja zasekhaya. Eli gama liqulunqwe nguKyon, igama lesiGrike elithetha inja, kunye nesimamva esithi logie.
Iwonga lobuchwephesha alikhuselwanga. Ehlabathini lonke kukho indawo enye kuphela yophando lwenzululwazi ye-cynology eVienna. Inzululwazi yeCanine isanda kusetyenziswa endaweni ye-cynology.
Namhlanje, inja yomnombo yinja ekhuliswa ngokwemigangatho yokuzala. Oku kufuywa kufuneka kuhambelane nezikhokelo ze-cynological umbrella organization. Kwizizukulwana ezininzi zezinja, inja kufuneka iphuma kuhlobo olufanayo lwenja. Ubungqina bokuba ngumzali kufuneka bufumaneke.
Imibutho ekhulisayo izibophelele ekuphuculeni nasekugcineni uhlobo oluthile. Uzibekele usukelo lokufuya. Le klabhu igcina incwadi ye-stud kunye nomnombo. Kwaye kunye nokusebenza kwesilwanyana ngasinye.
Imibutho yeambrela ye-cynological
Umbutho we-ambrella we-cynological uphezulu kwimibutho yokuzalanisa. Awona maqumrhu aziwa kakhulu ngokufuya ehlabathini ngala:
- I-Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI)
- iKlabhu yaseBritane yeKennel Club (KC)
- Iklabhu yaseMelika yeKennel (AKC)
- Iklabhu yaseKhanada yeKennel (CKC)
Olu nxulumano luqondana ngokulinganayo iindidi zezinja. Kwaye basebenza kunye. Ukongezelela, kukho umbutho we-ambrella wengingqi kumazwe amaninzi.
EJamani, lo nguMbutho weenja zaseJamani (VDH). EOstriya, yi-Austrian Kennel Club (ÖKV). Kwaye eSwitzerland, ibizwa ngokuba yiSwitzerland Cynological Society (SKG).
Ngokutsho kweFCI, izinja zomnombo zohlulwe zibe ngamaqela ali-10
Namhlanje kukho malunga nama-370 eentlobo zezinja ezibhalisiweyo nezivunyiweyo. Ngokutsho kweFCI, ezi zahlulwe zibe ngamaqela alishumi:
IQela loku-1: Ukwalusa kunye nezinja zeenkomo
Ezi ntlobo zezinja bezisoloko zijonge ukwalusa imfuyo. Okanye ukubaqhubela. Basebenza ngokusondeleyo nabantu. Kwaye banikele ingqalelo kakhulu. Ithuku labo lokuzingela liphuhliswe kancinci. Imvelaphi yabo yahluke kakhulu.
Iqela lesi-2: I-Pinscher, i-Schnauzer, i-Molosser kunye ne-Swiss Mountain Dogs
Umsebenzi weli qela wawukuqala ukugada indlu kunye neyadi. Banethuku elomeleleyo lokukhusela.
I-Pinscher kunye ne-Schnauzers nazo ziziimpuku kunye nabazingeli beempuku. Iimolosser kunye nezinja zasezintabeni zikwasetyenziswa njengezinja ezisebenzayo.
Iqela lesi-3: IiTerriers
I-Terriers isoloko izinja ezizingelayo. Iiteri ezincinci zaziyi-pied pipeers. Iimpungutye ezinkulu kunye nabazingeli beembila. Kodwa kukwakho neentshaba ezazisetyenziselwa ukuzingela amarhamncwa, njengeebhere.
Iqela lesi-4: Iidachshunds
Ziyaziwa ngokuba ziidachshunds okanye iidachshunds. Kwaye uyazithanda ezi zinja zokuzingela zincinci. Zizingela iinyamakazi ezihlala emingxunyeni.
Iqela lesi-5: I-Spitz kunye nezinja zamandulo
Kukho intambo evela eAsia. Sekunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zivela eYurophu. Izinja zohlobo lwangaphambili ziye zahlala zizimeleyo kwaye zaqala ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Zonke zazisetyenziselwa ukuzingela. Bawulandelela phantsi umdlalo ngeengoma zabo. Izihange zizingela ngeepakethe. Ngokukhonkotha okuninzi. I-Scenthounds isebenza yodwa kwaye isebenza ngokuzolileyo.
Iqela lesi-7: Izinja ezikhokelayo
Izinja ezikhokelayo zihlala zingashukumi nje xa ziva umdlalo. Ukanti bazolile. Impumlo ikhomba kumdlalo.
Iqela lesi-8: Abadoli, izinja ezitya ukutya, nezinja zamanzi
Bonke abameli bolu hlobo zizinja zokuzingela. Nangona kunjalo, baneendawo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. Iiretrievers zizisa umdlalo wokudubula kumzingeli. Abanye bathelela ekuzingeleni izilwanyana zasemanzini okanye kwiinyamakazi.
Iqela lesi-9: Iqabane kunye nezinja ezingamaqabane
Igama lodwa lichaza umsebenzi weli qela. Nangona kunjalo, eli qela aliyiyo kwaphela into entsha. Kwakusele kukho izinja ezingamaqabane kwiinkundla zasebukhosini zakudala.
Iqela le-10: Greyhounds
Ezi zilwanyana zibhityileyo ziimbaleki ezibaleka kakhulu. Baphezulu. Njengabazingeli ababonayo, baye bazingca ngezilwanyana ezibhabhayo.
Zeziphi iintlobo zezinja ezingabaliyo?
Ukongeza kula maqela alishumi, kukho izinja ezixubeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, abaweli phantsi kwalo naluphi na udidi kwaye abafikeleli nayiphi na imigangatho.
Kodwa oko akufuneki kube kubi. Kuba iintlobo ezixubeneyo azikwazi ukumelana neziphene ezinxulumene nokuzala. Olu hlobo lwenja lungekho mthethweni luhlala lusempilweni.
Kwangaxeshanye, iintlobo ezixubeneyo ziba ziiphakheji ezimangalisayo. Kwaye ngokwenza oko, batyebisa ubomi babantu babo.
Ngokunjalo, iindidi zezinja ezamkelweyo ezingama-355 azibandakanyi zonke ezi ntlobo zezinja ezilindele ukuqondwa. Iintlobo zoyilo nazo aziqwalaselwa.
Iintlobo zezinja zabayili
Iintlobo zoyilo ziyimixube yanamhlanje. Ezi zikhuliswa kwiintlobo ezimbini ezikhoyo. Imizekelo yile:
- Uyilo
- ICockapoo
- Igolide
- imaltipoo
- Ischnoodle
- Iipuggles
Ezi hybrids zifuyelwa ikakhulu ukunceda abantu. Ezinye kuthiwa zi-allergies-friendly kuba aziphalazi. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana zithandwa kakhulu kubantwana okanye ziqeqesheka lula.
Ngokufuthi iba yimpazamo nje yokuzalwa. Baye banikwe igama elingaqhelekanga ukuze bazithengise ngcono.
Abaqatshelwa yiFCI. Kwaye xa uthenga, kungcono ujonge ngokusondeleyo kathathu. Kuya kufuneka wenze oku ngayo yonke inja yomnombo, ngendlela.
Thenga kuphela izinja zenzala kubafuyi abaziwayo
Ngaba ungathanda ukuthenga enye yezinja ezingaphezu kwama-350 ezaziwayo? Emva koko qinisekisa ukuba iFCI iyamqonda umfuyi.
Iiklabhu zokuzala zingabiza bonke abafuyi abafuya ngokwemigaqo. Ukusebenza kwalo mfuyi kuthathwa njengohloniphekileyo kwaye uhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zangoku zempilo yezilwanyana.
Ukuba inja yohlobo ayaziwa ngokubanzi, gcina izandla zakho kuyo. Ngokukodwa xa kungekho lwazi malunga nayo.
Umbono olungileyo yi-mongrel. Ezi zilwanyana zasekhaya zihlala zilinda ikhaya elitsha kwiindawo ezininzi zokuhlala zezilwanyana. Badibanisa iintlobo ezininzi zeembonakalo kunye neempawu.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Zingaphi iintlobo zezinja ezikhoyo emhlabeni ngo-2021?
Inani leentlobo zezinja ezivunyiweyo yiFCI liyohluka phakathi kwama-390 kunye nama-400. Uluhlu lweenguqu luvela kwinto yokuba ingca emitsha iyaqatshelwa kwaye ezinye iintlobo zezinja zisusiwe kuluhlu.
Zingaphi iintlobo zezinja ezikhoyo emhlabeni ngo-2022?
Ngelixa iFCI, njengowona mbutho ubalulekileyo wesambrela, ibona malunga nama-350 eentlobo zezinja, eminye imibutho ibona kuphela malunga nama-200 okanye ngaphezulu kwama-400 eentlobo zezinja. Ngokuxhomekeke kumbutho, amanani ngamanye amaxesha anokwahluka kakhulu.
Loluphi uhlobo lwenja oludumileyo ehlabathini?
| isikhundla | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 |
| 1. | ebume | ebume | ebume | ebume | ebume |
| 2. | Ukubuyiswa kweLabrador | Ukubuyiswa kweLabrador | Ukubuyiswa kweLabrador | Ukubuyiswa kweLabrador | Ukubuyiswa kweLabrador |
| 3. | Inja yomalusi waseJamani | Inja yomalusi waseJamani | Inja yomalusi waseJamani | Inja yomalusi waseJamani | Inja yomalusi waseJamani |
| 4. | Inja yesiFrentshi | Inja yesiFrentshi | Inja yesiFrentshi | neTshihuwahuwa | neTshihuwahuwa |
| 5. | neTshihuwahuwa | neTshihuwahuwa | neTshihuwahuwa | Inja yesiFrentshi | Inja yesiFrentshi |
| 6. | Umalusi wase-Australia | Umalusi wase-Australia | Umalusi wase-Australia | UJack russell terrier | UJack russell terrier |
| 7. | Ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwegolide | Ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwegolide | Ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwegolide | Umalusi wase-Australia | Ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwegolide |
| I-8th. | UJack russell terrier | UJack russell terrier | UJack russell terrier | Ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwegolide | Umalusi wase-Australia |
| 9. | IHavanese | IHavanese | Indawo yaseYorkshire | Indawo yaseYorkshire | Indawo yaseYorkshire |
| 10 | umda collie | Indawo yaseYorkshire | IHavanese | IHavanese | IHavanese |
Zeziphi iintlobo zezinja ezinkulu ehlabathini?
I-Great Dane uFreddy waseNgilani unokungena kwi-Guinness Book of Records yenja enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kwi-103.5cm ekhangayo ekubuneni, nguyena mde wohlobo lwakhe kwaye ubambe le rekhodi ukususela ngo-2016 - nangona wayengoyena mncinci kwi-litter yakhe ngelo xesha.
Zeziphi izinja ezili-10 ezinkulu ehlabathini?
10. Inja yoMalusi weKangal
9. Ingcuka yaseIreland
8. Umbonisi womhlaba
7. IChien De Montagne Des Pyrenees
6. ULeonberger
5. Borzoyi
4. Akbash
3. Mkhulu uDane
2. UBernard waseSt
1. Mastiff
Ibhonasi: Freddie
Loluphi uhlobo lwenja eyinja enkulu?
- UDogue de Bordeaux
- Umzi wenyamakazi
- ULeonberger.
- Wolfhound yaseIreland.
- Inja kaMalusi waseAnatolian.
- INgcwele uBernard.
- INewfoundland.
- mastiff