UMary Allen
Inyoka yengca yeyona nyoka yethu ixhaphakileyo. Isirhubuluzi esinamachokoza amabini aqaqambileyo amile okwe crescent emva kwentloko yaso asinabungozi kwaphela ebantwini.
iimpawu
Zikhangeleka njani iinyoka zengca?
Iinyoka zengca zezosapho lweenyoka ngoko ke zizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo. Iinkunzi zikhula zibe yimitha ubude. Iimazi zifikelela kubude obungangeesentimitha ezingama-130, ezinye zide zibe ziimitha ezimbini, kwaye zityebe kakhulu kuneenkunzi. Iinyoka zengca zinemibala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kakhulu: Imizimba yazo inokuba bomvu-ntsundu, i-slate grey, okanye umnquma kwaye ibe nemigca emnyama ethe nkqo okanye amabala. Amaxesha ngamaxesha kukwakho nezilwanyana ezimnyama ngokupheleleyo.
Isisu simhlophe-ngwevu ukuya kumthubi kwaye sinamachokoza. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo ngamachokoza amabini atyheli ukuya kumhlophe amile okweceba emva kwentloko. Intloko ngokwayo iphantse ibemnyama. Njengazo zonke iinyoka, iinkosana zamehlo zingqukuva. Njengazo zonke izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, iinyoka ezinengca kufuneka zikhuphe ulusu lwazo rhoqo ukuze zikwazi ukukhula.
Zihlala phi iinyoka ezinengca?
Iinyoka zengca zinendawo enkulu yokusabalalisa. Zifumaneka kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kuMntla Afrika, nakwintshona yeAsia. Apho zivela kwiindawo ezisezantsi ukuya kwi-altitude ye-2000 yeemitha. Kwiindawo ezipholileyo kakhulu zaseScandinavia naseIreland, nangona kunjalo, azikho.
Iinyoka zengca njengamanzi: zihlala emachibini, kumachibi, kumadlelo afumileyo, nakumanzi ahamba kancinci. Noko ke, amanzi kufuneka ajikelezwe zizityalo ezichumileyo ukuze iinyoka zizifihle. Imithi emidala nayo ibalulekile, kwiingcambu zayo ezinkulu inyoka enengca ifumana imingxuma emincinci yokubeka amaqanda kunye nobusika.
Zeziphi iindidi zeenyoka zengca ezikhoyo?
Ngenxa yokuba iinyoka zengca zinendawo enkulu yokusabalalisa, kukho nezinye iindidi ezininzi. Ziyahluka ngokuyinhloko ngombala kunye nobukhulu.
Inyoka eqhelekileyo enengca ihlala kwimpuma ye-Elbe ukuya kutsho eScandinavia nasentshona Rashiya. Inyoka yengca evaliweyo ifumaneka kwintshona yeYurophu nakumantla eItali. Inyoka yengca yaseSpain inokufunyanwa kuSingasiqithi weIberia nakuMntla-ntshona weAfrika, inyoka enengca enemigca kwiiBalkans ukuya eAsia Minor, nakuLwandle lweCaspian. Inyoka yengca yaseRashiya ihlala eRashiya, iSicilian eSicily. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana kwiziqithi zaseCorsica naseSardinia nakwezinye iziqithi zaseGrisi.
Ziba neminyaka emingaphi iinyoka zengca?
Iinyoka zengca zinokuphila iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-25 endle.
Ziphathe
Ziphila njani iinyoka zengca?
Iinyoka zengca azinabungozi kwaye azinabungozi ebantwini. Basebenza kakhulu emini. Ngenxa yokuba zinegazi elibandayo, ubushushu bomzimba wazo abusoloko bufana kodwa buxhomekeke kubushushu bemekobume. Ngoko ke, baqala imini ngokutshiswa lilanga ukuze bafudumale. Ngokuhlwa zirhubuluza ziye kwindawo ezifihlakele apho zilala khona.
Iinyoka zengca ziyakwazi ukudada nokuntywila kakuhle kakhulu. Xa bequbha, baphakamisa iintloko zabo kancinci emanzini. Iinyoka zengca zizilwanyana ezineentloni kakhulu. Xa ziphazanyiswa, ziziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha bayayeka ukushukuma baze bahlale bethe cwaka.
Noko ke, amaxesha amaninzi, zibaleka ngokutyibilika ngokukhawuleza nangokuthe cwaka emanzini okanye zikhangele indawo yokuzimela phakathi kwamatye, amatyholo okanye izikhondo zemithi. Ukuba baziva besongelwa kwaye abanakubaleka, iinyoka zengca ziya kuhlasela. Balala bezisonge phantsi kwaye benze u-"S" ngeentamo zabo.
Emva koko atsho efutha ebhekisa kumhlaseli. Nangona kunjalo, azilumi kodwa zisongelwa kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, iinyoka zengca nazo zinokumisa imizimba yazo yangaphambili njengephimpi. Baphinde benze umsondlo baze babethe iintloko zabo kwicala lomhlaseli. Enye indlela yokusabela kwimeko eyoyikisayo kukudlala ngokufileyo: baqengqeleka emqolo, baqhwalela baze bayeke ulwimi lwabo lujinga emlonyeni wabo. Bakwasoloko bekhupha ulwelo olunuka kakubi kwicloaca.
Iinyoka zengca zichitha ubusika ngamaqela amancinci kwindawo yokuzimela ezikhusela kubanda. Oku kunokuba yingcambu enkulu, imfumba yamagqabi okanye umgquba, okanye umngxuma emhlabeni. Emva koko ukwinto eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hibernation. Abaphumi kwindawo efihliweyo kude kube nguAprili xa kushushu ngokwaneleyo kubo.
Abahlobo neentshaba zenyoka yengca
Iintaka ezidla inyama, iirhawuni ezingwevu, iimpungutye, iingxilimbela, kodwa neekati zinokuba yingozi kwiinyoka zengca. Ingakumbi iinyoka zengca ezincinci zineentshaba ezininzi. Noko ke, ezi nyoka zizama ukuzikhusela ngokukhupha ulwelo olunuka kakubi xa zihlaselwa.
Zizala njani iinyoka zengca?
Iinyoka zengca zidibana entwasahlobo emva kwe-molt yokuqala. Ngamanye amaxesha izilwanyana ezifikelela kuma-60 ziqokelelana kwindawo enye. Amadoda ahlala ebaninzi. Amaqanda abekelwa ukusuka ngoJulayi ukuya kuAgasti kwindawo efudumeleyo efana nengqumba yomgquba okanye isiphunzi esidala somthi, imazi ibeka amaqanda aphakathi kwe-10 nama-40. Iinyoka ezincinci zengca ziqandusela ekuqaleni kokwindla. Ziisentimitha ezilishumi elinesibini kuphela ubude kwaye zinobunzima beegram ezintathu kuphela. Ekuqaleni iintsana zeenyoka zihlala kunye kwi-clutch yazo kwaye zichitha ubusika apho. Baye baqole ngokwesondo xa bemalunga neminyaka emine ubudala.