UMary Allen
Iyaxhuma, iyaxhuma, iyarhubuluza, iyarhawuzelelwa. uhlaselo lweentakumba! Bangabeectoparasites kwaye banokukhawuleza bacaphuke kakhulu. Kodwa zivela phi iintakumba? Loluphi uhlobo lweentakumba ezikhoyo? Ngubani ozisa i-bloodsuckers encinci kwindlu? Ngaba iintakumba zinokusasazeka ebantwini? Ngaba iintakumba ziyingozi empilweni? Kodwa okona kubalulekileyo, yintoni onokuyenza ukuze uzilahle? Apha uya kufumana lonke ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga ne-parasite kunye neengcebiso ezincedo zokulwa nesibetho.
Inja intakumba
Uloyiko lomnini-nja ngamnye kukuba isilwanyana sasekhaya siya kuba neentakumba! Iintakumba zizinambuzane ezincinci ezizala ngokukhawuleza okukhulu: intakumba ibeka amaqanda angaphezu kwama-50 yonke imihla! Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inja yakho iwelwa lixhoba leentakumba?
Yintoni intakumba?
Iintakumba zimdaka izinambuzane ezingenamaphiko, ubude bomzimba we-Ctenocephalides canis iyahluka ukusuka kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-3 millimeters, enepropati yokukwazi ukuxinga phakathi kweenwele zezinja kunye nokutsiba ukuya kumaxesha angamashumi amathathu ubukhulu babo. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ngokomfuniselo ukuba intakumba yenja inokutsiba umyinge wama-30.4 ± 9.1 cm. Ububanzi bomtsi omnye buhluka phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-50 yeesentimitha. Umyinge wokutsiba ukuphakama wawuyi-15.5 cm - kunye nokutsiba okuphezulu kufikelela kubude be-25 cm
Amaqanda aziimilimitha ezisisi-0.5 ukuya ku-0.6 ubude, a-oval, amhlophe qhwa, kwaye abengezelayo. Imibungu engenamilenze yentakumba yenja inombala otyheli-mhlophe. Umzimba wabo obhityileyo wahlulahlulwe ngokucacileyo kwaye unama-bristles amaninzi. Njengeminye imibungu yeentakumba, imibungu yeentakumba inemilomo elumayo kunye nentloko yentloko emdaka eyaziwa ngokucacileyo. Intakumba yenja inokubhidaniswa lula nentakumba yekati (Ctenocephalides felis).
Intakumba yenja ineqokobhe le-chitin elikwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo elibavumela ukuba bangene phakathi kweenwele - njengomzekelo B. kuboya benja njengomkhosi - ukuhamba. Zombini izini zabantu abadala zifunxa igazi kumamkeli wabo. Emva kokwetyisa igazi, iintakumba zezinja zishiya ngasemva amagaqa amancinane amnyama – iingqatha zentakumba.
Ukuqwalasela ezi nkozo zimnyama luphawu lokuqaphela uhlaselo lwentakumba kwisilwanyana sakho sasekhaya. Iintakumba sisibetho, ubukho bazo kwiqabane lakho yingxaki yempilo, kodwa ayongxaki yokungacoceki.
Inja yam yayifumana phi intakumba?
Intakumba yenja isasazwa kwihlabathi jikelele. Iindwendwe eziphambili zeCtenocephalides canis zizinja zasekhaya, iimpungutye kunye neengcuka. Abamkeli besibini baquka abantu, iikati zasekhaya, kunye nemivundla yasekhaya.
Kwanele ukuba inja yakho izise intakumba nje enye ekhaya ukuze izalele amaqanda ukuze ibe yinkathazo yokwenene kwindawo yokuhlala yesilwanyana. Unokude ungene kwindlu ngeepali zezihlangu! Bakhetha ukuzifihla kulaphu: iingobozi, imiqamelo, iisofa, iikhaphethi, neebhedi.
Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka ucinge ngokulula apho isilwanyana sakho sasekhaya sinokuphinda siphinde siphinde siphinde sihlaselwe emva kokuba sisisusile esi sifunxi-gazi.
Iziphumo zeflostich
Ukulunywa ziintakumba kubangela ukurhawuzelelwa kakhulu. Ngenxa yokurhawuzelelwa, kudla ngokunyuka ukonwaya. Oku ke kunokubangela usulelo lwesibini. Uhlaselo oluninzi oluneentakumba zenja lunokukhokelela kwi-eczema, ukubhitya, kunye ne-anemia, ngakumbi kwizilwanyana zasekhaya.
Yintoni intakumba yenja?
Inja intakumba ingahamba ebantwini?
Iintakumba ezisuka ezinjeni nasezikatini – isibetho eso uninzi lwabanini bezilwanyana zasekhaya ekuye kwafuneka bajongane naso. I-bloodsuckers encinci ixhaphake. Into abantu abaninzi abangayaziyo kukuba iintakumba zezilwanyana zinokuba yingozi empilweni yabantu. Olona khuseleko lufanelekileyo kukugcina izilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nemizi ingenazo iintakumba.
Inja intakumba ihlala ixesha elingakanani ebantwini?
Kwanangaphandle kwegazi, iintakumba zinokuphila iinyanga ezininzi. Bafumana amaxhoba abo ngamalungu anamandla ezivamvo, ngenxa yoko babona umphunga womntu, umzekelo. Iproboscis abayifake kwisikhumba somninimzi inemibhobho emibini.
Ikhangeleka njani intakumba yenja?
Iintakumba zimalunga ne-4 mm ngobukhulu, zithe saa emacaleni, kwaye azinamaphiko. Zingabonwa ngeliso lenyama, kodwa eyona ndlela ingcono yokufumanisa ukuba inja yakho ineentakumba kukujonga ilindle layo. Ukwenza oku, gcoba uboya benja ngekhefu elikhethekileyo kwaye ubeke ingqalelo kwiincinci ezincinci ezimnyama, i-flea excrement.
Inombala onjani intakumba?
Iintakumba ezinjeni - ndizazi njani? Iintakumba zimalunga ne-3 mm, malunga nobukhulu bentloko yephini, kwaye ubukhulu becala bumdaka ngebala. Baphantse bajonge njengezinambuzane ezincinci. Noko ke, ngokungafaniyo neencukuthu, iintakumba zinokutsiba ukuya kutsho kwisiqingatha semitha!
Ngaba iintakumba zezinja zimnyama?
Iintakumba zizinambuzane ezincinci ezimdaka-mnyama ezinobukhulu obuyi 2-4mm kwaye zinemilo ethe saa. Badla igazi lomkhosi wabo. Ukwenza oku, zongeza amathe egazini ukuze zithintele ukuba lingaqini.
Ngowuphi umbala intakumba?
Zinemilenze yangasemva enamandla ezinokuthi ngayo ukutsiba ukuya kwimitha. Iintakumba zincinci, malunga ne-2 ukuya kwi-3 mm, kwaye zibomvu ukuya kumdaka ngombala. Umlomo womlomo yiproboscis edibeneyo kunye ne-sucker.
Kukhangeleka njani ukuba uneentakumba?
Iintakumba zincinci kakhulu, izinambuzane ezimdaka ukuya kubomvu-ntsundu ezinomzimba othe tyaba. Nangona ubukhulu babo buncinci kakhulu (malunga ne-2.5 mm), banokubonwa ngokusemthethweni ngeso lenyama ngaphandle koncedo olongezelelweyo, nokuba iglasi yokukhulisa inceda (ngaphandle kokuba batsibe kude noviwo oluneenkcukacha).
Ngaba iintakumba zinokuba mnyama?
Iintakumba zizinambuzane ezingenamaphiko. Ziimilimitha ezimbini ukuya kwezine ubude kwaye zimdaka ukuya kumnyama ngombala.
Ngaba iintakumba ziyi-hermaphrodites?
Iintakumba zeemazi zinengxowa yamadlozi apho inkunzi ifaka i-ejaculate yayo ngoxinzelelo. Ihlala igcinwe apho de imazi ifumane iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokubeka amaqanda ayo. Kungoko kuphela apho ulwelo lwamadlozi luphuma kwipokotho yamadlozi ngentshukumo yecapillary.
Ngaba iintakumba zinde?
Intakumba yekati inentloko emide enobude obuphindwe kabini kunobude bayo. Iyakwazi ukwahlula kwezinye iintlobo zentakumba yi-ctenidia equkethe ameva e-chitin.
Uyazibona iintakumba ebhedini?
Ngokomgaqo, iintakumba zinokubonwa ngeso lenyama. Nangona zizimilimitha ezimbalwa ngobukhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuzibona ebhedini. Kodwa ke ziintakumba eziphilayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo asifumani amaqanda kunye nemibungu ngenxa yokuba mincinci kwaye imhlophe.
Yintoni onokuyenza ngeentakumba zenja ebantwini?
- Abandayo, umz. B. amalaphu okuhlamba amanzi okanye iipakethi ezipholileyo.
- Kuphephe ukukrwela kakhulu! Ukukrwela ukulunywa yintakumba ngokulula kukhokelela kusulelo olongezelelweyo.
- Ibhafu epheleleyo isusa iintakumba ezisemzimbeni.
- Ukuze kususwe zonke iintakumba, iimpahla kufuneka zitshintshwe kwaye zihlanjwe zishushu ngokusemandleni (ubuncinci kwi-60 ° C, ngcono kwi-90 ° C). Iingubo, izilwanyana ezihlohlwayo, njalo njalo, zikwalapha kwindawo yokuhlamba impahla.
- Ukucocwa ngokucokisekileyo kwendlu kunye nokucoca rhoqo kwefenitshala ephakanyisiweyo kunye neekhaphethi nazo zibalulekile. Uhlaselo olukhulu lweentakumba lwenza ukuba kube yimfuneko ukunyanga ikhaya ngezibulali-zinambuzane.
Ngaba iintakumba zezinja ziyasulela ebantwini?
Enyanisweni, zombini iintakumba zezinja kunye neentakumba zekati nazo zitsibela ebantwini, kuba izinambuzane ezincinci azikhathali ukuba ngowuphi umamkeli ezithi “zimpompoze” ukufunxa igazi. Ngokuchaseneyo, iintakumba zabantu ke ngoko zinokudluliselwa kwizilwanyana zasekhaya.
Ngaba iintakumba zinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?
Ngokukodwa ukuba isilwanyana sakho siphumile kwaye sininzi, sinokubamba iiparasites ezicaphukisayo ngokudibana nezinye izilwanyana ezifana ne-hedgehogs, iigundane, kunye ne-conspecifics elahlekileyo kwaye emva koko idlulisele ebantwini.
Ziphila ixesha elingakanani iintakumba zeentaka?
Iintakumba zeentaka azikwazi ukuhlala kwindawo ezishushu ngaphakathi kwendlu ngaphezulu kweveki okanye ezimbini. Ziyoma zife zingakwazi ukuzala. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ziphila ixesha elide kumanqugwala angenabushushu.
Zifa nini iintakumba?
Amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eentakumba (amaqanda, imibungu, njl.njl.) abulawa ngokuqinisekileyo kuphela kubushushu obuyi-60°C. Nokuba kubanda iintsuku ezi-4-5 ku-18°C zibulala iintakumba.
Ingaba intakumba ingaba neminyaka emingaphi?
Ubomi obuqhelekileyo beentakumba zabantu abadala ziiveki ezininzi, kwaye phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, bunokuhlala iinyanga ezi-3-4.