UMary Allen
Ii<em>fern zizityalo ezikhula emthunzini nakwiindawo ezifumileyo, njengamahlathi, kwimingxuma nemiwonyo, okanye kwiindonga zemisinga. Ayenzi imbewu ukuba ivelise, kodwa kunokuba i-spores. Ehlabathini lonke kukho malunga ne-12,000 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kumazwe ethu, kukho malunga neentlobo ze-100. Iiferns azibizwa ngokuba ngamagqabi, kodwa ngamagqabi.
Ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-300 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, iifern zazininzi emhlabeni. Ezi zityalo bezinkulu kakhulu kunanamhlanje. Yiyo loo nto zibizwa ngokuba ziiferns zomthi. Ezinye zazo zisekho kwiindawo ezishushu nanamhlanje. Uninzi lwamalahle ethu aqinileyo avela kwiifern ezifileyo.
Zivelisa njani iiferns?
Iiferns zizala ngaphandle kweentyatyambo. Endaweni yoko, ubona amachaphaza amakhulu, ubukhulu becala angqukuva kwicala elingaphantsi lamagqabi. Ezi ziimfumba zeecapsules. Akhanya ekuqaleni aze ajike aluhlaza bumnyama abe mdaka.
Emva kokuba ezi capsules zikhulile, ziyagqabhuka zivuleke kwaye zikhuphe iimbewu zazo. Umoya uzithwala zimka nazo. Ukuba ziwela emhlabeni kwindawo enomthunzi, kwindawo efumileyo, ziya kuqala ukukhula. Ezi zityalo zincinci zibizwa ngokuba zi-pre-seedlings.
Amalungu okuzala amabhinqa kunye nendoda akhula ngaphantsi kwe-pre-seedling. Emva koko iiseli zenkunzi zidada ukuya kwiiseli zeqanda zemazi. Emva kokukhulelwa, isityalo esincinane se-fern siyakhula. Yonke into ithatha malunga nonyaka.