UMary Allen
I-eels yomlambo yaseYurophu ziintlanzi ezinomdla. Baqubha ukuya kuthi ga kwiikhilomitha ezingama-5000 ukuvelisa kwakhona: ukusuka kwimilambo yaseYurophu ukuwela iAtlantiki ukuya kuLwandle lwaseSargasso.
iimpawu
Ibukeka njani i-eel yomlambo yaseYurophu?
I-eels yomlambo yaseYurophu iphuma kwintsapho ye-eel kwaye ayithandabuzeki ngemizimba yabo emide, ebhityileyo. Intloko imxinwa kwaye ayimi ngaphandle komzimba, ongqukuva ngokunqamlezileyo. Umlomo ungaphezulu, oko kukuthi, umhlathi ongezantsi umde kancinane kunomhlathi ongasentla. Xa uqala ukuyibona, i-eel ifana nenyoka. Amaphiko e-pectoral ahlala emva kwentloko, amaphiko e-pelvic awakho. Umqolo, amaphiko empundu kunye necaudal awafani namaphiko entlanzi aqhelekileyo. Zimxinwa kwaye zifana nomphetho kwaye zibaleka phantse wonke umzimba.
Umqolo umnyama ukuya koluhlaza bumnyama, isisu sityheli okanye sisiliva. Amadoda namabhinqa eeel zomlambo ahluke ngobukhulu: amadoda angama-46 kuphela ukuya kwi-48 centimeters ubude, ngelixa amabhinqa angama-125 ukuya kwi-130 centimeters kwaye anobunzima beekhilogram ezintandathu.
Zihlala phi iieels?
I-eel yomlambo yaseYurophu ifumaneka kulo lonke elaseYurophu ukusuka kunxweme lweAtlantiki ngaphesheya kweMeditera ukuya eMntla Afrika naseAsia Minor. Ii-eels ziphakathi kweentlanzi ezinokuhlala emanzini anetyuwa, amanzi ahlambulukileyo kunye namanzi amdaka.
Zeziphi iindidi zee-eels ezikhoyo?
Ukongeza kwiYurophu, kukho i-American river eel, zombini iintlobo zifana kakhulu. Kukho ezinye iintlobo e-Asia nase-Afrika. Malunga ne-150 yeentlobo ze-conger eels nazo ziyinxalenye yosapho olunye. Zifumaneka elwandle ukusuka kwiindawo ezishushu ukuya kwiindawo ezipholileyo, kodwa ungaze uye kumanzi acocekileyo.
Ingaba iieels ziba neminyaka emingaphi?
Ii-eels ezifudukela kuLwandle lwaseSargasso ukuze zivelise kwakhona ziyafa emva kokuzala. Iinkunzi ke ngoko zimalunga neshumi elinesibini, iimazi zineminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Noko ke, ukuba izilwanyana ziyathintelwa ekufudukeleni elwandle zize zizale, ziphinda ziqale ukutya zize emva koko ziphile iminyaka engama-50.
ukuziphatha
Ziphila njani ii- river eels?
Ieel zomlambo zizilwanyana zasebusuku. Emini bazimela emiqolombeni okanye phakathi kwamatye. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-eel yomlambo waseYurophu: i-eel emnyama, edla kakhulu oononkala abancinci, kunye ne-eel emhlophe, edla ngokutya iintlanzi. Kodwa zombini zenzeka kunye.
Ii-eels zizilwanyana ezomeleleyo kakhulu. Ziyakwazi ukuphila emhlabeni ixesha elide kwaye zinokurhubuluza emhlabeni ukusuka kumanzi amaninzi ukuya komnye. Oku kungenxa yokuba banemingxuma emincinci yegill kwaye bayakwazi ukuyivala. Ziyakwazi nokufunxa ioksijini ngolusu.
Xa kufika ubusika, ziye zingene kumanzi anzulu emilambo zize zizingcwabe kumazantsi anodaka. Le yindlela ezisinda ngayo ebusika. I-European river eels zibizwa ngokuba yi-catadromous migratory fish: zifuduka zisuka emilanjeni nasemachibini ziye elwandle ukuze zivelise kwakhona. Okuchaseneyo kukwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-anadromous migratory fish njenge-salmon: zifuduka zisuka elwandle ziye emilanjeni ukuze zizande.
Abahlobo kunye neentshaba ze-eel
Ii-Eels - ngakumbi ii-juveniles - zingamaxhoba aphambili kwezinye iintlanzi ezizingelayo.
Zizala njani iieels?
Phakathi kukaMatshi noMeyi, imibungu emihlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe iqandusela kuLwandle lwaseSargasso. Zimilise okweribhoni kwaye ziyabonakala. Zibizwa ngokuba “yimibungu yegqabi lomngcunube” okanye i-leptocephalus, ethetha “intloko emxinwa”. Kangangexesha elide, zazicingelwa ukuba luhlobo olwahlukileyo lweentlanzi kuba azibukeki njengeeel zabantu abadala.
Imibungu emincinci ihlala kwindawo ephezulu yamanzi kwaye ikhukuliseke empuma kwiAtlantiki kunye neGulf Stream. Emva konyaka omnye ukuya kwemithathu, ekugqibeleni bafikelela kulwandle olungekho nzulu, oluselunxwemeni ukusuka kwilizwekazi laseYurophu nakumntla Afrika. Apha imibungu iguquka ibe yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-glass eel, emalunga neemilimitha ezingama-65 ubude kwaye iphinde ibonakale. Kangangexesha elithile bahlala kumanzi anebrackish, umzekelo kumachweba apho kuxutywa amanzi amatsha kunye netyuwa.
Ngexesha lasehlotyeni, iiglasi zeglasi ziba mnyama kwaye zikhule ngamandla. Abanye babo bahlala kumanzi amtyuba, abanye bafuduka benyuka imilambo. Ngokuxhomekeke ekuboneleleni kokutya kunye neqondo lokushisa, ii-eels zikhula ngesantya esahlukileyo: kunxweme loLwandle lwaseNyakatho, izilwanyana zi malunga neesentimitha ezisibhozo ubude ekwindla yokuqala emva kokuba zifikelele kunxweme, kwaye ukuya kwi-20 centimeters ngonyaka kamva. Ngoku zibizwa ngokuba yi-yellow eel ngenxa yokuba izisu zazo zityheli kwaye umqolo wazo ungwevu-mdaka.
Emva kweminyaka embalwa, ii-eels ziqala ukutshintsha. Oku kuqala kwiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwesithoba kumadoda naphakathi kwe-10 ne-15 leminyaka kwabasetyhini. Intloko ye-eel ke iye ijonge ngakumbi, amehlo abe mkhulu, kwaye umzimba womelele kwaye unemisipha. Umqolo uba mnyama kwaye isisu sisilivere.
Ngokuthe ngcembe inkqubo yokwetyisa iyancipha yaye ii<em>eels ziyayeka ukutya. Olu tshintsho luthatha malunga neeveki ezine kwaye ngoku zibizwa ngokuba yi-silver eels okanye i-silver eels - ngenxa yombala wesisu esisilivere.