UMary Allen
Ofudo zizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, kwaye njengeengwenya, abanazo iirhorho, banemiphunga. Ezinye iifudo zasemanzini zinamandla angaqhelekanga okufunxa ioksijini enyibilikileyo emanzini ngecloaca yazo.
Njengezinye izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, amafudo aselwandle anemiphunga. Zinolwakhiwo olwahluke kancinane kunemiphunga yezilwanyana ezincancisayo, kodwa zisebenza ngokunjalo xa kuthethwa ngokutshintshiselana ngeegesi (ioksijini kunye nekharbondioxide).
Ingaba ufudo lunazo iigill?
Zinkulu ngokwentelekiso, zinamasebe kwaye zifumaneka ngobuninzi. Kwaye zigungxulwa ngokugqibeleleyo njengoko amafudo rhoqo ethambisa imiqala yawo ngamanzi amatsha. Ngoko ke kucacile ukuba ezi zilwanyana zavela ngendlela efana neegill.”
Ingaba amafudo anemiphunga?
Ukuzaliswa kwemiphunga kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubunzulu bamanzi esigcinwe kuwo isilwanyana. Kumanzi angekho nzulu, zonke iintlobo zezityalo azihlawulelwanga (zinzima kunamanzi). Ngokuya eba nzulu amanzi ufudo luhlala kuwo, kokukhona lugcwala imiphunga.
Aphefumla njani amafudo?
Uninzi lweentlobo zofudo luphefumla ngokucutheka kwezihlunu kumqolo wesisu. Abanye baphefumla ngolusu lwabo, abanye basebenzisa iintamo zabo ezinde njenge-snorkels, kwaye abanye, njengofudo oluncinane lwaseOstreliya iFitzroy, baphefumla phantse ngeempundu zabo kuphela.
Ufudo luphefumla njani phantsi kwamanzi?
I-anal bladder inokuzaliswa kwaye ikhutshwe ngamanzi phantsi kolawulo lwemisipha. Njengelungu lokuphefumula (i-cloacal respiration), inceda isilwanyana ukuba siphefumle ngaphantsi kwamanzi, zombini ngexesha lokuntywila kunye nangexesha lokulala.
Ngaba ufudo lunokubhabha?
Ewe. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-cloacal respiration – ngenxa yokuba ufudo alunawo umngxuma wokukhupha ilindle, kodwa luyi-cloaca (oko kuthetha ukuba: inye kuphela indawo yokuphuma kuyo yonke into, oko kukuthi, ukugaya ukutya, amalungu okwabelana ngesondo nawokukhupha ilindle).
Ngaba amafudo angakwazi ukuphefumla kwiimpundu zawo?
Ewe, oku kubandakanya iiterrapins kunye nofudo eOstreliya olunoko kwaziwa ngokuba yi-cloacal breathing ukongeza kwimiphunga. Kukho isinyi ngasemva emzimbeni. Oku kuzaliswa ngamanzi zize izilwanyana zitsale ioksijini eziyiphefumla emanzini.
Lichama njani ufudo?
Iinyoka kunye neentlobo ezininzi zamacikilishe azinayo i-bladder yomchamo; ezi zilwanyana zigcina umchamo wazo kwi-cloaca. Ufudo lona lunomchamo; umchamo, nangona kunjalo, uqukuqela kuqala kwi-cloaca kwaye ukusuka apho ukuya kwisinyi, apho ugcinwa khona.
Ngaba ufudo luyakwazi ukulala phantsi kwamanzi?
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweemfudo ezifana neefudo zaselwandle, izilayidi ezibomvu-ebomvu kunye ne-terrapins zinokulala ngaphantsi kwamanzi iiyure ezingama-4-7 ngosuku. Xa elele ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ufudo lukufumanisa kulula ukufumana indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuphumla.
Ingaba amanye amafudo angakwazi ukuphefumla ngaphantsi kwamanzi?
Iimfudo zaselwandle azikwazi kuphefumla ngaphantsi kwamanzi, nangona kunjalo ziyakwazi ukubamba umoya wazo ixesha elide. Iimfudo zaselwandle zinokubamba umoya wazo iiyure ezininzi ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomsebenzi wazo.
Mingaphi imiphunga enamafudo?
Kwiimfudo ezininzi, imiphunga yasekunene incamathela nge-mesopneumonium ye-ventral ngqo esibindini. I-cranially, umphunga wasekhohlo udityaniswe ngokubanzi nesisu, esiye sidityaniswe nesibindi nge-ventral mesentery Fig.
Ingaba amafudo asemanzini anazo iigill?
Iifudo ezirhubuluzayo, njengazo zonke iifudo zasemanzini ezingaphandle kwetropiki, kufuneka zilale phantsi kwamanzi rhoqo ebusika. Azinayo igill kwaye azikwazi ukuphakama phezulu ngelixa zilele ixesha elipheleleyo, kwaye zinokuthi zitshixeke ngokupheleleyo phantsi komkhenkce ongqindilili.
Ingaba amafudo anazo iigill?
Ufudo zizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezihlala emhlabeni kuphela kwaye kungoko ukusetyenziswa kweegill ekuphefumleni akunakwenzeka. Ofudo abanazo iigila zokuphefumla.
Ufudo lunokuwubamba ixesha elingakanani umphefumlo walo?
Nangona iifudo zikwazi ukubamba umoya wazo imizuzu engama-45 ukuya kwiyure enye ngexesha lomsebenzi wesiqhelo, zihlala zintywila kangangemizuzu emi-4-5 kunye neendawo zokuphefumla imizuzwana embalwa phakathi kokuntywila.
Ingaba amafudo anemiphunga?
Njengezinye izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, amafudo aselwandle anemiphunga. Zinolwakhiwo olwahluke kancinane kunemiphunga yezilwanyana ezincancisayo, kodwa zisebenza ngokunjalo xa kuthethwa ngokutshintshiselana ngeegesi (ioksijini kunye nekharbondioxide). Imiphunga ibekwe kanye phantsi kwecarapace kunye nekholamu ye-vertebral.
Yintoni ilungu lokuphefumla likafudo?
Ngokobuchwephesha eli gama kukuphefumula kwe-cloacal, kwaye akuphefumli kangako njengokusasaza ioksijini ngaphakathi kunye ne-carbon dioxide ngaphandle, kodwa inyani ihleli: xa iifudo zifutha, owona mthombo we-oksijini ungowazo.
Ufudo luphefumla njani ngaphandle kweembambo?
Ngaphandle kweembambo ezikhulayo nezifinyela, ufudo alunamsebenzi wokumisa imiphunga nezihlunu ezinaso uninzi lwezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Endaweni yoko, inezihlunu ezitsala umzimba ngaphandle, ukuya kwindawo evulekileyo yeqokobhe, ukuyivumela ukuba iphefumle. Emva koko ezinye izihlunu zihlaba amathumbu ofudo emiphungeni yalo ukuze lukhuphe umoya.