UMary Allen
Kwintlanzi yasemanzini anetyuwa, izinto zahlukile: amanzi olwandle anetyuwa equbha kuwo akhupha amanzi emzimbeni wayo ngofele lwayo, yaye ikwakhupha amanzi ngomchamo wayo. Kufuneka asele amanzi ukuze angomi.
Isela njani intlanzi emanzini?
Bathatha ulwelo oluninzi ngemilomo yabo, basela amanzi anetyuwa. Emzimbeni, basusa iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo kumanzi anxilileyo kwaye bawakhulule abuyele emanzini ngendlela yomchamo onetyuwa kakhulu okanye ngeeseli ezikhethekileyo zekloridi kwiigili. Iintlanzi zasemanzini aziseli.
Kutheni iintlanzi kufuneka zisele amanzi anetyuwa?
Okuchaseneyo kuyinyaniso kwiintlanzi emanzini anetyuwa. Kufuneka basele ukuze bangomi. Ityuwa esemanzini olwandle ihlala itsala amanzi kumzimba weentlanzi. Xa intlanzi yasemanzini etyuwa isela, ihluza ityuwa yolwandle ngeembilini zayo.
Ingaba izilwanyana zingawasela amanzi anetyuwa?
Kodwa i-wallabies ihambelana kakuhle netyuwa. Abaphandi base-Australia babonise oku emva kweminyaka yee-1960 ngovavanyo apho banika i-wallabies amanzi anetyuwa ukuba asele iintsuku ezingama-29.
Kutheni le nto iintlanzi zasemanzini anetyuwa zifuna ukuselwa kwaye azinakunxila?
Uxinzelelo lwetyuwa kwiintlanzi luphezulu kunamanzi ajikelezileyo. Njengoko kwaziwa kakuhle, amanzi ahlala ephuma ephantsi ukuya kwindawo ephezulu. Intlanzi yamanzi ahlambulukileyo ayiphuzi - ngokuchaseneyo, ihlala ikhupha amanzi ngeentso - ngaphandle koko, yayiza kuqhuma ngexesha elithile.
Kutheni iintlanzi zingaseli?
Yi-osmosis – inkqubo entsonkothileyo, kodwa xa ucinga ngetumato enetyuwa, ngumgaqo ofanayo: amanzi atyhala esiya kwityuwa. Ngoko intlanzi yayiza kuphulukana namanzi ngalo lonke ixesha. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ibingawaseli amanzi, ibiya koma esazulwini solwandle.
Ziya njani intlanzi kwindlu yangasese?
Ukuze kugcinwe indawo yazo yangaphakathi, iintlanzi zamanzi acwengileyo zifunxa i-Na+ kunye ne-Cl- ngeeseli ze-chloride kwiigill zazo. Iintlanzi zasemanzini acocekileyo zifunxa amanzi amaninzi ngeosmosis. Ngenxa yoko, basela kancinci kwaye bachama phantse rhoqo.
Ngaba intlanzi ingagqabhuka?
Kodwa ndiyakwazi ukuphendula kuphela umbuzo osisiseko kwisihloko nge-YES ukusuka kumava am. Iintlanzi zinokugqabhuka.
Ngaba intlanzi ingalala?
Iipisces, nangona kunjalo, azihambanga ngokupheleleyo ebuthongweni bazo. Nangona banciphisa ngokucacileyo ingqalelo yabo, abazange bawele kwisigaba sobuthongo obunzulu. Ezinye iintlanzi zide zilale ngecala, njengokuba sisenza.
Usela njani ukrebe?
Njengeentlanzi zamanzi acwengileyo, ookrebe kunye nemitha yokufunxa amanzi ngomphezulu wemizimba yabo kwaye ke kufuneka bawakhuphe kwakhona.
Zeziphi izilwanyana ezinokusela amanzi olwandle?
Izilwanyana zaselwandle ezifana namahlengesi, iintini, neminenga ziphelisa unxano lwazo ngokutya kwazo, ngokomzekelo, iintlanzi. Iintlanzi zihluza amanzi anetyuwa ngeembilini zazo kwaye ngenxa yoko ayinayo ityuwa emizimbeni yazo kwaye zinyamezeleka kakuhle zizilwanyana zaselwandle.
Sesiphi isilwanyana esifayo xa sisela amanzi?
Iidolphin zibulawa kukusela amanzi olwandle. Nangona amahlengesi ahlala kulwandle olunetyuwa, awawanyamezeli kakuhle amanzi awangqongileyo. Njengazo zonke izilwanyana ezanyisayo, kufuneka zisele amanzi acocekileyo.
Ngaba iikati zingasela amanzi anetyuwa?
Iikati zinokusela amanzi anetyuwa, kodwa azikwazi kungcamla izinto eziswiti.
Ngaba ungayintywilisela intlanzi?
Hayi, ayingomdlalo: ezinye iintlanzi zinokurhaxwa. Kuba kukho iindidi ezifuna ukunyuka rhoqo kwaye ziphefumle umoya. Ukuba banqatshelwe ukufikelela kumphezulu wamanzi, banokutshona phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Ihlala ixesha elingakanani intlanzi yasemanzini etyuwa emanzini?
Uninzi lweentlanzi zamanzi acwengileyo azikwazi ukuphila kumanzi olwandle, kodwa inani elikhulu leentlanzi zaselwandle zityelela amachweba okanye iindawo ezisezantsi zemilambo, ubuncinane ixesha elifutshane. Kuphela malunga ne-3,000 yeentlobo zeentlanzi ezifana ne-salmon, i-sturgeon, i-eels, okanye i-sticklebacks ezinokuphila kumanzi ahlambulukileyo kunye namanzi olwandle kwixesha elide.
Kutheni iintlanzi zasemanzini anetyuwa zingenasongo?
Ekubeni ngokuqhelekileyo asidli i-gill okanye isisu, kodwa inyama ye-muscle yentlanzi, kwaye oku akudibanisi namanzi etyuwa, ayinakunambitha ityuwa.
Iintlanzi zilikhupha njani ilindle?
Le ntlanzi ifunxa i-algae encinci evela kwii-coral banks kwaye itya amasuntswana e-calcareous. Noko ke, azikwazi ukwetyisa ezi zinto ngokufanelekileyo zize ngaloo ndlela zikhuphe amasuntswana amancinane amhlophe. Oku kuxelwe, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngumbutho ongenzi ngeniso wase-US i-Waitt Institute. Ukwabiza le nkqubo ngokuthi “isanti yokupopoka”.
Ngaba intlanzi iyabila?
Ngaba intlanzi iyabila? Hayi! Intlanzi ayikwazi ukubila. Kwelinye icala, azinakukwazi ukuba ngumkhenkce de zife emanzini abandayo, kuba iintlanzi zizilwanyana ezinegazi elibandayo, oko kukuthi, zilungelelanisa ubushushu bemizimba yazo yaye ngaloo ndlela ukujikeleza kwazo kunye nemetabolism yazo ihambelane nobushushu obukuleyo.
Ngaba intlanzi ingatya kakhulu?
Uthe intlanzi inokutshisa kakhulu? Ewe, yinyani leyo, ngelishwa. Oku kunokukhokelela kwinto ebizwa ngokuba “zizisu ezibomvu” okanye ukuqhinwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukufa.