UMary Allen
Izolile, ayintsonkothanga, yonga - kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke into engeyiyo ityhefu. Ngoku ukuba loo nto ayivakali njengendawo yokuhlala egqibeleleyo. Oku kubhekiselele kwinyoka yombona, eneneni enandipha ukuthandwa kakhulu njengesilwanyana sasekhaya. Abachwephesha be-Terrarium bayasixabisa isimo sabo sengqondo esilula, kodwa nangakumbi iintlobo zabo zemibala, eziye zakhula ngokumangalisayo kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka yokuzala. Kwilizwe labo, kuMntla Melika, ithathwa njengomlandeli wenkcubeko enoxolo, kwaye ngenxa yoko ufumana ukutya okwaneleyo kunye nokwamkelwa kwindawo ehlala abantu. Kweli lizwe, inyoka yengqolowa ifumaneka ikakhulu kwi-terrariums, ngabaqalayo kunye nabanamava abathandayo beentlobo. Kunqabile ukuba kubekho enye inyoka ecinezelayo nenyukayo ibonakala ngathi iza kubuzwa njengabantu abahlala nabo rhoqo njengenyoka yombona.
Iinyani ezinomdla malunga nenyoka yombona
Inyoka yombona ifumana igama layo ngokuhlelwa kwayo njengomlandeli wenkcubeko. Ihlala rhoqo kumasimi alinywayo ombona, iindlwane kwiigraneri kwaye umbala wayo ukhangeleka ufana kakhulu nombona waseIndiya.
Igama lokuqala lezenzululwazi elithi Pantherophis guttatus likwabhekisa kumbala wabo. Xa itolikwa, oku kuthetha into efana “nengwe yenyoka enamachokoza”.
Ngokumalunga nenkqubo, inyoka yombona yeyohlobo lweenyoka ezinyukayo zaseMelika kwaye, ngombono obanzi, kwi-superfamily yeenyoka kunye namarhamba. Ngamanye amazwi, sisithinteli esingenatyhefu.
Inkangeleko yenyoka yombona
Imvelaphi: eNyakatho Melika, ngakumbi unxweme olusempuma phakathi kwelizwe laseNew York kunye neFlorida Keys kunye naseMississippi, eLouisiana naseTennessee.
Ubude bomzimba: Ø 120 ukuya kwi-150 cm, kunqabile ukuba ube ngaphezu kwe-180 cm
Ubunzima: 200 ukuya kwi-800 g kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka kunye nesimo sesondlo
Ubudala: ukuya kwi-20 iminyaka nangaphezulu
Indlela yokuphila: Isebenza ikakhulu ngorhatya nasebusuku, malunga neenyanga ezi-4 zokufukama
Ukutya: izilwanyana ezincinci ezincancisayo, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, izirhubuluzi, iintaka, amaqanda
Imibala: Umbala osisiseko we-matt grey ukuya kumdaka-orenji kakhulu; iipetshi zesali eziorenji ukuya kubomvu obomvu; icala le-ventral elinepateni ye-checkerboard eqhelekileyo; umhombiso oguquguqukayo phezu kwentloko; Imigca yokuzala inenani elikhulu leenguqu.
Kuphela kuba nzima kunye nenyoka yombona xa kuziwa ekunqumeni ngesondo. Ngenxa yokuba oku - ubuncinane ngaphandle ngaphandle - phantse akunakwenzeka ukwahlula kwizilwanyana ezincinci, kwizilwanyana ezikhulileyo kuphela kwinqanaba elilinganiselweyo ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lomsila ocothayo kunye nenani elincinci le-subcaudal (amaxolo amakhulu angama-horny kwi-underside of the underside of the underside of the underside of the underside of the underside of the underside of the underside of the underside of the underside of the underside tapering tail section umsila). Zombini zinokubonwa kuphela xa kuthelekiswa ngqo phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi. Ugqirha wezilwanyana unokubonelela ngolwazi olungcono kakhulu ngokuxilonga okanye uhlalutyo lwegazi.
Ukuziphatha kunye nezinto ezikhethekileyo kwindalo
Iinyoka zombona ngokuqhelekileyo zikwazi ukukhwela phezulu. Ukongezelela, izikali zabo zesisu zenziwe phezulu emacaleni asecaleni, ukwenzela ukuba zinike inkxaso efanelekileyo malunga nommandla wonke wenyoka.
Ngokuhambelana ngokukhawuleza, iinyoka ziyakwazi ukuhamba kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo (kwanamanzi) kwaye azikho zincinci ngenxa yabazingeli abaphawulekayo. Ixhoba labo alibandakanyi kuphela izilwanyana ezincinci ezingenakuzikhusela, kodwa kunye neesampuli ezingekho ngaphantsi kwe-agile.
Nakuba kunjalo, irhamba ligqalwa njengesilwanyana esibhabhayo. Ukhetha ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kunokuba abe sengozini yokwenzakala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isongelwa ngokuthe ngqo, iphakama ngendlela eqhelekileyo yokuzikhusela yenyoka kwaye inokuhlasela ngokukhawuleza ngokulunywa kokuzikhusela. Noko ke, ezi aziyotyhefu.
Iqhinga lokulalela lisetyenziselwa ukuzingela. Mhlawumbi inyoka ilinda de isilwanyana esizingelayo sisondele kuyo okanye ichwechwe ngokufihlakeleyo. Isivamvo sakhe sokujoja esimnandi kakhulu siyamnceda. Inyoka ayikwazi nje ukulandelela ixhoba layo ngolwimi lwayo lwefolokhwe, ikwasebenza njengendawo yokujonga indawo.
Kuqhelekile ukuba inyoka yombona iphelele emithini, apho ithimba amaqanda namantshontsho kwiindlwane zeentaka. Ubulawa ngokukrwitshwa. Ukuze lenze oku, ixhoba liyalunywa ngokuqinileyo ngoxa umzimba wenyoka uzisonga izihlandlo eziliqela uze uqinise ngakumbi de amalungu angaphakathi anikezele ekugqibeleni. Into ekhethekileyo ngumzimba wenyoka enezihlunu ezimangalisayo kunye nomhlathi obhetyebhetye kakhulu, ovumela ixhoba ukuba liginywe liphelele.
Ukuzingela kuhamba yedwa. Kungenjalo, iinyoka zombona azibophelelekanga eluntwini. Idla ngokuba zizilwanyana ezihlala zodwa ezidibana kuphela ukuze zilingane. Inzala iyazimela yodwa nje ukuba izalele amaqanda. Umlo weTurf awufane uliwe kwaye udla ngokuphela emva komlo ngaphandle kokwenzakala kakhulu. Ngexesha lokufukama, nangona kunjalo, imizekelo emininzi ihlala iqokelelana kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zokufihla, apho ichitha ubusika kunye.
Inyoka yombona kwi-terrarium
Ngokungafaniyo ne-free-living conspecifics, inyoka yombona yasekhaya ayigunyaziswanga ukuzingela. Akunjalo ngenxa yokuba engafuni okanye engakwazi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umthetho wangoku ukuthintela ukubulawa kunye nokondliwa kwezilwanyana ezinomqolo ziphila. Ngethamsanqa, inyoka yonga kangangokuba yaneliswa kukutya okukhenkcezisiweyo okunyibilikisiweyo kwaye inokwenza ngaphandle kwemidlalo yokuzingela.
Kungenjalo, inyoka yombona ayifuni ngokugqithisileyo ukugcinwa kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufanele ukuba kuyilwe njengohlobo olufanelekileyo kangangoko kwaye luhlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno inyoka enazo ebomini, ubomi obonwabileyo.
Terrariums iinyoka zombona
Kwindlu, inyoka yengqolowa ihambela kwi-terrarium eyenziwe ngamaplanga kunye / okanye iglasi, eqinisekisa ukujikeleza komoya okwaneleyo. Indawo ekhuselweyo kufuneka ikhethwe njengendawo, kude nedrafti, ukukhanya kwelanga, ingxolo kunye nokungcangcazela. Umqolo oqinileyo kunye neendonga ezisecaleni, ezenziwe ngamaplanga okanye i-cork, umzekelo, zinika ukhuseleko olungcono. Umphambili weglasi uyacetyiswa ukuba kukhanye ngokwaneleyo emini kwaye, ewe, ukuncoma kunye nokuhlola inyoka.
I-Terrariums zingathengwa ngobukhulu obuhlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nenani labemi. Ubuncinci i-130 x 70 x 130 cm (LxHxD) kufuneka ibekhona kwinyoka yombona enye. Umgaqo webhontsi uhlala:
Ubude bomzimba kwi-cm * (1 x 0.5 x 1) = ubude x ubude x ubunzulu nge-cm
Qaphela ukuba le fomula ibala kuphela ubuncinci. Iinyoka zikwanomdla wokwazi, zithanda ukuphonononga indawo ezingqongileyo kwaye zithathe umjikelo kwisikwere. Ukongezelela, iinyoka zengqolowa zinokugcinwa ngababini kunye namaqela, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha ubungakanani be-terrarium.
I-corn snake terrarium ifuna itekhnoloji elandelayo njengesixhobo esisisiseko:
Isifudumezi esikhazimlayo esinecandelo le-UV lokufudumeza ukuya malunga. 25 ukuya 30 ° C (10-12 iiyure emini)
Amabala, ukufudumeza okuphantsi kwendawo, iipleyiti zokufudumeza okanye amatye ashushu “elanga” (emini)
Ukuba kukho imfuneko, iinkqubo zokupholisa zokupholisa ukuya kuma-20°C (ebusuku) okanye ukufukama
I-thermometers kunye ne-hygrometers ubuncinane kwiindawo ezimbini, kunye nezibali-xesha
Isimanzisi-moya okanye ibhotile yesitshizi sokufumisa ngesandla ukuya malunga. 50 – 60% ukufuma (ungaze utshize izilwanyana ngokuthe ngqo!)
Ukucwangciswa kwe-terrarium kufuneka ngokuyinhloko kunikeze iindawo zokuhlala ezaneleyo kunye neendawo zokufihla ezingatshisi ngokuthe ngqo okanye zifakwe i-irradiated. Oku kunokuba, umzekelo, ukulinganisa ilitye, amatye okwenene kunye ne-slabs, iingcambu, iibhubhu ze-cork kunye nemiqolomba eyahlukeneyo. Akunakulityalwa yibhokisi emanzi, apho izilwanyana zikwazi ukulahla ulusu lwazo ngokulula xa ukufuma komoya kuphezulu. I-moulting ikwaxhaswa yimigangatho erhabaxa. Ekubeni iinyoka zithanda ukunyuka, isakhiwo esiphezu kwamanqanaba amaninzi sikulungele oku. Amanyathelo okhuni, ii-liana okanye iingcambu ezijingayo kunye neentambo ezinamandla zidibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo.
Izityalo zeTerrarium aziyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo, kodwa zihombise indawo encinci yokuhombisa kwaye unikeze iindawo zokufihla ezongezelelweyo. Iinyoka aziyi kuluma okanye azikrazuli izityalo, ngoko akukho kuphikisana apha. Kubalulekile kuphela ukunikela ingqalelo kumhlaba ofanelekileyo owondla izityalo (ngaphandle kokuba zizityalo zokwenziwa), kodwa zikwayinyoka. Iisubstrates ezomileyo ezifana ne-bark mulch, i-coconut substrate kunye ne-fine-grained bark litter zibonakalise ukubaluleka kwazo, njengoko uye wacinezela umhlaba we-terrarium.
Ngaphezu koko, iqula lamanzi lifanele libekho, lokusela nokuhlamba nokupholisa ngamaxesha athile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinyoka zombona azithandi ukuba semanzini, nangona zikwazi ukuqubha. Ukusela, nangona kunjalo, bakhetha isitya esikhulu, esingekho nzulu endaweni yesitya esincinci samanzi okusela. Amanzi amatsha kufuneka abekhona kwaye agcinwe ecocekile yonke imihla, nangexesha lokufukama.
Ekubeni ukumisela isondo kuhlala kucacile, kuyacetyiswa ukuba unikeze indawo yokubeka iqanda xa ugcina izilwanyana ezininzi ukuze ugweme nabuphi na ubunzima bokubeka. Isikhongozeli esahlukileyo esine-substrate emanzi kancinane efikelelekayo ngamaxesha onke sanele.
Ukutya, ukutya kunye nokuzila ukutya
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iinyoka zengqolowa aziyi kuzingela kwi-terrarium. Indawo yokutya inako, kodwa akunyanzelekanga ukuba ihlale ifana ukuze izise ubuncinci izinto ezahlukeneyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Inyoka esempilweni, ekhulileyo yombona idla ngokutyiswa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3, kunye namantshontsho kucetyiswa ikhefu leveki enye. Inyaniso yokuba iinyoka zombona zihlala ebusuku kwaye zisebenza ngorhatya kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo xa zityiswa. Emini kunye namaqondo obushushu ashushu, utshintsho lwengqondo efudumeleyo luya kuba luvila kakhulu kwaye ngokufanelekileyo lugaye, olunokuthi lukhokelele kwiingxaki zempilo.
Ukuba ixhoba likhona, irhamba liya kulidla ngokunyoluka ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Emva koko, ufuna amanzi amaninzi kunye nokuphumla ngakumbi ukuze etyise kakuhle. Oku kubangela isingqisho esithile.
Iimpuku ezikhenkcezileyo, umzekelo, zinokuba kwimenyu ngendlela yakudala. Ezi zinyibilikisiwe kwaye zifudunyezwe malunga nobushushu bomzimba (malunga nama-35 ukuya kuma-40°C). Amantshontsho, ihamster, amasele, iintlanzi kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci zinokutyiswa ngokomgaqo ofanayo. Ubungakanani bexhoba kufuneka busekelwe kuloo nyoka. Amaqanda angondliwa eluhlaza ngaphandle kweengxaki - i-salmonella iyingxenye ye-intestinal flora ye-corn snake kunjalo.
Ukuba ugcina iinyoka ezininzi zombona, kufuneka ubeke iliso ekutyiseni ngokusondeleyo okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, yahlula izilwanyana ixesha elifutshane de wonke umntu afumane isabelo sakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ukutya ngokwako akufuneki kuphazanyiswe, kungenjalo izilwanyana zinokubaleka kwaye ziphose ithuba lokutyiswa.
Izilwanyana ezidliwayo nazo zinokulungiswa kunye namavithamini kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunye namayeza. Oku kuvumela imeko yempilo yerhamba ukuba ilawulwe kakuhle kakhulu.
Ukulala kwi-terrarium
Ukufukama kukwabalulekile kwimpilo yenyoka yombona. Imizekelo emininzi ikwathanda ukurhoxa kwindawo yokuzimela kwaye ichithe ixesha lokuphumla ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-4 kunye. Ngesi sigaba, izilwanyana azityi. Nangona kunjalo, amanzi okusela amatsha asabalulekile.
I-hibernation kwi-terrarium "ibhengezwe" yinkqubo yokushisa kunye nokukhanyisa. Ukutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka kuyalinganiswa, oko kukuthi, iintsuku namaxesha okukhanyisa abe mafutshane, amaqondo obushushu ehle aye malunga ne-10°C kwaye ukutya kuye kunciphe de kuyeke ngokupheleleyo. Zonke ezi zinto kufuneka zilungelelaniswe kakuhle ukuze zibonakale njengendalo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Iinyoka zombona zihlala zilwamkela kakuhle olu tshintsho lonyaka kwi-terrarium.
Isigaba sokuphumla sibalulekile ekuvuseleleni nasekuvuseleleni. Njengoko yonke inkqubo ivaliwe, umzimba unokukhupha i-toxification kwaye ululame. Ukuba ukufukama kunqatshelwe, ubude bokuphila buyancipha ngokubonakalayo, kwaye impilo ngokubanzi iyancipha. Ke ngoko, esi sigaba sonyaka sibaluleke kakhulu kwaye kufuneka ke ngoko sibe semdleni wabo bathanda inyoka yombona.
Iingcebiso zokukhathalela inyoka yombona
Iinyoka zombona kulula ngokwenene ukuzinyamekela. Nje ukuba itekhnoloji ilungiswe kakuhle kwaye izenzekele, ngokomgaqo ifuna ukutyiswa kumaxesha ngamaxesha kwaye icocwe ngamaxesha athile kuphela. Ukuba awufane utye, awufane upheliswe. Iinyoka zombona zikusebenzisa kakuhle ukutya kwazo, ngokuchanekileyo ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nako ixesha elide.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umgcini kufuneka asuse kuphela i-legacies, ngakumbi izikhumba ezivela kwibhokisi emanzi, ukuba kuyimfuneko. Amanzi okusela kufuneka acoceke kwaye ubugcisa kunye nezixhobo kufuneka zibe kwimeko entle.
Ngaphandle koko, inyoka yengqolowa "iyazilungisa" ngokwayo. Ngokuhlikihla kwiindawo ezirhabaxa, umzekelo, ivuselela ukunyibilika kwayo. Kunqabile kakhulu kwaye xa kuyimfuneko ukuba uncedo luyafuneka. Ngokomzekelo, amazinyo ade akhule kwakhona xa elahlekile.
Ngokusisiseko, iingxaki zokuziphatha okanye izitenxo ekuzinyamekeleni kwe-adder zizibonakaliso zeengxaki zempilo kwaye ke kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokusondeleyo ngolo hlobo. Ukuba inyoka isemanzini ixesha elide kunesiqhelo, ukufuma kusenokungabi kulungile okanye kushushu kakhulu kwi-terrarium. Ukuba uyala ukutya, usenokungagayeki okanye agule ngenye indlela. Iintwala zesikhumba kunye notshintsho kwinwebu ye-mucous ziyenzeka rhoqo.
Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukurhaneleka, zombini ulusu lweshedi kunye nelindle zinokujongwa ukuba azinazifunxi-gazi. Ukulungiselela le njongo, iisampulu zithunyelwa elabhoratri kwaye zihlolwe ngokusondeleyo apho. Ngamanye amaxesha indlela ye-vet iyimfuneko, umzekelo kwimeko yokuvuvukala kwesikhumba. Kwimeko yamathandabuzo, isikhongozeli sesithuthi esifanelekileyo kufuneka sisoloko sikufuphi.
Ngamava kuza ukusabela okuqhele ukwenziwa kwiingxaki okanye kwimibuzo yokhathalelo. Abafuyi, imibutho kunye nemibutho yokukhusela izilwanyana iya kunceda ukuba kuyimfuneko ngeengcebiso kunye nezenzo. Noko ke, ukuba umniniyo usekhefini okanye akakho, umntu othembekileyo ufanele abelwe ukuba anyamekele iinyoka okwexeshana. Umntu othatha ubuncinci unikezelo lwamanzi amatsha kunye nolawulo lwezicwangciso zobugcisa.
Iinyoka zombona ngokwazo aziyi kuqaphela umahluko, azingobantu kwaye azinantloni. Ngomonde omncinci, banokuchukunyiswa kwaye bathathwe ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, abasayi kucela iipats okanye benze amaqhinga. Ziyakwazi ukuluma njengempendulo yokuzikhusela. Kwimizekelo evame ukuba nobudlova, ngoko kuyafaneleka ukugqoka iiglavu ezikhethekileyo okanye i-hook yenyoka ukuhambisa izilwanyana.
Ukuba ulunyiwe, akukho ntlungu yesihogo okanye nantoni na elindele wena. Umothuko wentshukumo efana nombane idla ngokuba mkhulu. Iinyoka ziye zayeka ngoko nangoko, zishiya izinyo elincinane elinemingxuma elinokopha ngokulula okanye, kwimeko embi kakhulu, lisuleleke. Njengesithintelo, kufuneka uhlale uhlamba izandla zakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuba uziphathe kwi-terrarium - ukuze kuxhamle umnini kunye nenyoka yengqolowa. Ngapha koko, bobabini bafuna ukonwaba omnye komnye ixesha elide.