UMary Allen
Ikhokhonathi sisiqhamo sesundu se coconut. I-coconut ayiyona i-nut, kodwa isiqhamo samatye njenge-cherry okanye i-peach. Isundu esitsha sekhokhonathi sinokukhula kuso ukuba indongomane iwela kumhlaba ofanelekileyo. Isenokukhukuliswa lulwandle kwaye intshule kunxweme olukufutshane.
Siyayazi ikhokhonathi kwivenkile enkulu eneqokobhe eliqinileyo. Umaleko oshinyeneyo wemicu yekhokhonathi ejikelezileyo sele ususiwe. Ngayo, unokwenza izinto eziluncedo ezifana neekhaphethi, iimethi, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.
Sinomdla kakhulu kwinyama yesiqhamo. Imhlophe kwaye iqinile. Inokutyiwa njengoko injalo okanye isetyenziswe ekubhakeni. Amafutha eKhokhonathi nawo afumaneka kwinyama yesiqhamo. Oku kulungele ngokukodwa ukuqhotsa inyama kunye nokunye ukutya.
Uninzi lwekhokhonathi luvela eAsia, ngakumbi eIndonesia, kwiiPhilippines naseIndiya. Kodwa zikhuliswa naseBrazil naseMexico. Phantse isahlulo seshumi seoli ekhutshwa kwizityalo ezisehlabathini ivela kwiikhokhonathi.
Sitya ntoni kwaye sisela ntoni kwikhokhonathi?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yinyama emhlophe. Phantse isiqingatha sawo ngamanzi, intsalela ubukhulu becala inamafutha kunye neprotini neswekile. Xa yomisiwe, i-pulp ibizwa ngokuba yi "copra". Ungayitya ngolo hlobo. Kwiivenkile, sidla ngokuyifumana igcwelwe kwiingxowa. Ungayisebenzisa ukubhaka izinto ezimnandi, umzekelo, iibhisikidi ezincinci.
I-oyile yekhokhonathi okanye amafutha ekhokhonathi angenziwa kwi-pulp. Kubushushu begumbi, la mafutha amhlophe, mhlawumbi abe tyheli kancinane. Uyidinga ngokuyinhloko ukugcoba kunye nokutshisa, kodwa kunye nokubhaka. Isenokwenziwa kwakhona kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo kwaye isetyenziswe njengamafutha ezimotweni.
Kukho amanzi amaninzi ekhokhonathi kwikhokhonathi eselula, eluhlaza, ukuya kutsho kwilitha kwindongomane nganye. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kumazwe apho kungekho manzi acocekileyo okusela. Endaweni yokuvula ibhotile yamanzi anezimbiwa njengoko senza apha, abantu abakumazwe anjalo bavula ikhokhonathi encinane. Isibini okanye ezintathu ngosuku zanele ukusela.
Ubisi lwekakhukhunathi alukho kwindalo. Yenziwe kumzi-mveliso ukusuka kwi-pulp kunye namanzi. I-coconut yoghurt yenziwe ngendlela efanayo. Zombini zithandwa kakhulu ngabantu abangakwaziyo ukunyamezela ubisi lwenkomo.
Zikhula njani iintende zekhokhonathi?
I-coconut palm luhlobo lwesityalo. Bangabentsapho yesundu. Zikhula kwihlabathi jikelele kwiindawo ezitshisayo. Ngoko kufuneka kushushu. Zifuna amanzi aneleyo kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana namaxesha amafutshane embalela. Zikwathanda imihlaba enezondlo ezininzi.
Iintende zecoconut zenza iziqu ezingenamasebe. Zikhula zibe yi-30 yeemitha ukuphakama. Iziqu zibhityile kakhulu kulo mphakamo. Kuthiwa imithi yekhokhonathi ineziqu ezenziwe ngomthi. Kwimeko yeminye imithi yesundu, kunokwenzeka ukuba iziqu zibe ngamagqabi agobileyo.
Iintende zekhokhonathi zineengcambu ezibhityileyo, kodwa zinokukhula zibe ziimitha ezisixhenxe ubude. I-coconut palm ibambelela kakuhle emhlabeni kwaye inokusinda kwiitsunami. Ekubeni iingcambu zikhula nzulu emhlabeni, zidla ngokufika kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba.
Kukho amagqabi kuphela kwiimitha eziphezulu. Le nxalenye ibizwa ngokuba yi "Schopf" okanye "Krone". Malunga namagqabi ali-15 akhula ngonyaka. Zime nkqo kunyaka wokuqala kwaye zithe tyaba kowesibini. Kunyaka wesithathu, ziyawa kwaye ekugqibeleni ziwe phantsi.
Ukususela malunga nonyaka wesithandathu wobomi beentende zekhokhonathi, iintyatyambo ziyakhula. Zininzi iintyatyambo zeenkunzi kunezo zamazi. Izinambuzane ezahlukeneyo nomoya zisasaza iintyatyambo.
Intsholongwane ihlala kwipulp. Ungayibona ngeliso eliqeqeshiweyo. Ufana nalaa nto incinci inamandongomane. Kuhluma ingcambu kuwo. Iqokobhe eliqinileyo ligqobhoza ingcambu kwelinye lamanqaku amathathu abonwa ngaphandle. Zibizwa ngokuba "yimingxuma yeentsholongwane".
Ekubeni kungekho maxesha onyaka kwiindawo ezitshatyalaliswayo, imithi yekhokhonathi ihlala ikhula iintyatyambo eziphuma kuzo iziqhamo. Kukho malunga namashumi amathathu ukuya kwi-150 ngonyaka. Kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiintlobo-ntlobo, kwilizwe, nakumhlaba apho isundu lekhokhonathi likhula khona.
Yintoni eyenziwe ngefiber yekhokhonathi?
Ifayibha inokufumaneka kuluhlu lwangaphandle lwekhokhonathi. Unokuzisebenzisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni ikhokhonathi yayiseluhlaza na xa ivuniwe okanye sele ivuthiwe.
Iifayibha zingafumaneka kwi-fibrous layer yesiqhamo esiluhlaza, esingavuthwanga. Zisontelwe zibe yimisonto njengoboya. Ukusuka kuyo, unokwenza iintambo, iimethi, iikhaphethi, kunye nezinye izinto. Umzekelo, phambi kweplastiki, zonke iimethi zethu zomgangatho zenziwe ngefiber yekhokhonathi. Uninzi lwefiber yekhokhonathi iveliswa eSri Lanka.
Umaleko onentsinga wesiqhamo esivuthiweyo unezinto ezininzi ezifana nomthi. Awunako ukusonta imisonto kuyo. Kodwa ugcwalisa oomatrasi kunye ne-upholstery ngayo okanye uzicinezele kumaphepha. Uyawadinga xa ufaka i-thermal insulation ezindlwini.
Yintoni enye esetyenziswa ngumntu kwintende yekhokhonathi?
Abantu bebesoloko besakha izindlu ngamaplanga emithi. Kungenjalo, ukusebenza ngalo mthi kunzima kuba inefibrous kakhulu. Kuphela kungokuba iisarha ezilungileyo ziye zasetyenziselwa ukwakha iinqanawa, ifanitshala, izitya nezinye izinto zendlu ezifanayo.
Amagqabi angabotshwa abe zizithungu kwaye asetyenziswe ukugquma uphahla. Sasisenza into efanayo apha eYurophu ngeendiza okanye ngeengcongolo. Amagqabi angasetyenziselwa ukuluka iindonga zendlu okanye iibhaskithi.
Incindi eswiti inokufumaneka kwiintyatyambo zemithi yesundu emininzi, kuquka isundu lekhokhonathi. Inokubiliswa phantsi kohlobo olukhethekileyo lweswekile, iswekile yesundu. Unako kwakhona ukuyiyeka ivubele njengeediliya zethu, emva koko ibe sisiselo esinxilisayo, iwayini yesundu.